Final Test Flashcards
The two stages of an air pollution problem we have relative control over
Production & Emission
The 4 stages of an air pollution problem
Production
Emission
Transportation
Reception
Control concepts
Control methods Reduction at source Reduction of contaminant emission Collection principles Application of principles
Two categories of control concepts
Concentrate & contain
Dilute & disperse
The regulation that targets the source of an emission as part of controlling pollution
Reg 419
Formerly reg 346
Ways to reduce point of impingement concentration
Reduction at the source Reduction of contaminant emissions Reduction of contaminants Dilution Dispersion
The two control concepts that are effective at reducing air pollution
Reduction at the source
Reduction of contaminant emissions
Reducing contaminants at the source in 3 categories
Raw material changes Process changes (condensation/fuel change) Operational changes (scada)
_______ the equipment will result in ___________ combustion.
Forcing
Incomplete combustion
Two groups of pollution control devices
Equipment to control particulate matter
Equipment to control gaseous emissions
Control devices that are capable of removing both particulate and gaseous emissions
Condensibles
Nox and sox combine in atmosphere and react with water to form…
Nitric acid (hno3) Sulfuric acid (h2so4) (Acid rain)
At what pH do fish die?
3
At what pH is fish reproduction affected?
4-5
The normal range of a stream’s pH
6.5-8.5
Lrtap
Long range trans boundary air pollution
Sources of SOx and NOx pollution
Coal fired generators, non ferrous metals smelters, petroleum refineries, iron/steel mills, pulp and paper
These all freely disperse globally
What percent of SOx deposition in eastern canada is from trans boundary sources in the us?
50 percent
What percent of LRTAP is a result of industrial sources?
68 percent
27 percent electrical utilities
4 persent transportation
Western canada has reduced sox emissions by how much?
Eastern canada?
50%
63%
The largest contributor to NOx emissions
Transportation
60% and predicted to increase
A measure of how much pollution an ecosystem can tolerate without adverse effects
Critical load
For aquatics it’s the amount of wet sulphate deposition that protects 95% of lakes from acidifying to a pH level of less than 6
The amount of pollution deemed both achievable and politically acceptable
Target load
Reg 194/05
Industrial emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide
The regulation is concerned with emissions trading
397/01
Reg463/10
CFCs
Discharge, making, usage, sale, transfer
Reg 347/90
Disposal of mobile and stationary refrigerant waste
Reg 675/98
Provides exemptions for a spill of refrigerants of less that 100 kg from the reporting provisions
The 8 industrial sectors that are targeted under reg 194/05 ( industry emissions, nitrogen and sulphur) and 397/01(electricity generation)
Electricity Petroleum Cement Glass Pulp and paper Iron and steel Base metal smeltincarbon black
The primary body used to maintain compliance
CEPA
Canadian environmental protection act
What regulation governs discharge creations, use, sale, and transport, storage/disposal of ozone depleting substances?
Reg 463/10
CFCs
Also o.reg 347/90 sections 30&42 set out disposal requirements for refrigerant waste
What regulations contain ambient air quality criteria
Reg 337
Reg 397/01
Annual obligatory report
Emission summary ad dispersion modeling reports guideline
Summarizes all air emissions from a facility and asseses impacts
NAICS North American industry classification system
Used by nafta to classify and commonly define substances
CAS number
Unique numerical identifier assigned by chemical abtracts service
What is a basic comprehensive certificate of approval?
A single c of a to replace existing ones and include the addition of new, or historically unapproved sources of emissions from the facility. Allows for company to make modifications to their facility without going through formal application process every time.
The nine parts of CEPA
Chloro-alkali mercury release regulations Federal halocarbon regulations Federal mobile pcb treatment regs ODS regs Secondary lead smelters release regs Vinyl chloride release regs
Organization created in 1994 and designed to develop recommendations on environmental considerations into decision making
NTREE
Nation round table on environment and economy
CCME
Canadian council of ministers of the environment
The Feds develop limits and standards that provincials can adopt
The primary regulatory tool for creating standards for contaminants that are protective of local air quality and which emitters must meet
Reg 419/05
Local air quality
Collection methods that are not great for fine particulate
Gravitational & centrifugal
Magnetic attraction between forces
Can der walls forces
Buoyed negative particles
Browning diffusion
Settling chamber particle size
<40 micrometers
Cyclone particle suitability
<10 micrometers
Dry centrifugal collector particle size
Wet centrifugal collector particle size
Wet < 5 micrometers
Filters that are capable of capturing sub-micrometer particles
Venturi scrubbers
Panel filters
Bag filters
Electrostatic precipitators
The best filter
Bag house
4 control methods for non-lumpy substances
Incineration
Absorption
Adsorption
Condensation
