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History 103 Henry > FInal, Test #2 > Flashcards

FInal, Test #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Trace Japan’s rise as an imperial power

A

Japan westernizes itself to prevent from western colonization
Meiji- Policy of westernization(emperor with parliament & military industrialization)

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2
Q

Invasion of Manchuria (1931)

A

Japans invasion of China that takes control of Manchuria
Renamed Manchukuo as a puppet state
Leader Pu Yi put in place
Japanese imperialism

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3
Q

Bombing of Shanghai (1937)

A

During the second sino-japanese war
In order to take control of Shanghai
Japanese imperialism

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4
Q

Rape of Nanjing (1938)

A

Unspeakable atrocities from Japanese soldiers

300,000 victims

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5
Q

Emperor Hirohito

A 
124th emperor (1926-1989)
Active in Japan militaristic role or passive?
Godlike figure for Japanese people
appointed prime minister Tojo (anti US and militaristic)
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6
Q

Pearl Harbor (japanese objective)

A

Dec 6, 1941
Attack at US pacific fleet in Hawaii
Japanese perspective- cripple US while securing pacific holdings
Might make the US resign to defeat

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7
Q

Hideki Tojo

A

Prime minister for Japan

Directly responsible for Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor

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8
Q

Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto

A

Strategist of Pearl Harbor

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9
Q

Pearl Harbor

A

Very devastating but not all objectives hit
No carriers destroyed/not a lot of officers
US declares war on Japan

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10
Q

Main objectives of Axis and Allies during WW2

A

Axis- Create vast empires

Allies- Roll back and destroy empires

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11
Q

Winston Churchill (objective)

A

Prime Minister of Great Britain- resist Nazi aggression

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12
Q

Joseph Stalin (Objective)

A

Resist Nazi aggression in the Soviet Union and Lebensraum

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13
Q

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (objective)

A

prevent imperialism in the pacific and Europe

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14
Q

Nazi Invasion into France

A

France surrenders quickly in June 1940

Quick sweep by Nazi forces

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15
Q

Battle of Britain

A

Fought entirely by airforces Luftwaffe v. RAF
Nazis try to bomb Britain into submission
July 1940- june 1941
Ends when Germany fails to take GB

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16
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

codename for invasion of Russia by Nazi forces
launched June 22, 1941
Very broad front meant to take leningrad, moscow, and donets basin
Largest casualties of any military operation
Failure due to terrible conditions and weather

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17
Q

Siege of Leningrad

A

Siege by German troops in the city of Leningrad

Lasted 872 days and was costly in terms of casualties

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18
Q

Holocaust (WW2)

A

Nazi systematic genocide of jews and other ethnic and religious groups

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19
Q

Nuremberg Laws

A

1935- Laws that deprived jews of citizenship and basic rights
Jews forbidden to marry non-jews

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20
Q

Kristallnacht

A

Night of the broken glass
State sponsored attack on Jews Nov. 9-10, 1938
1000 synagogues burned
thousands of Jewish businesses, cemetaries, and schools vandalized

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21
Q

Creation of Warsaw ghetto to Einsatzgruppen

A

Ghettos created- Government run territories where Jews were confined
Einsatzgruppen- mobile killing squads

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22
Q

Wannsee Conference (1942)

A

Meeting to formulate the “final solution”

Death camps and impersonal killing

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23
Q

Auschwitz, Dachau, and Buchenwald, and Treblinka

A

Cattle cars to camps

Poison gas in showers

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24
Q

Axis held territory in Eurasia

A

Central Europe without Spain, Portugal, GB, Sweden, and part of Russia
Also north Africa

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25
Q

North African campaign

A

Liberate N. Africa, go through Italy to S. Germany

26
Q

Italian campaign

A

Allied military campaign to invade Sicily and move northward

Eventually ending at Germany

27
Q

Battle of Stalingrad (aug42-feb43)

A 
Germans v. Soviets on the banks of the Volga river
Stalingrad an important industrial city
turning point in the east
Farthest point Germany reaches
Urban battlefield
German 6th army surrenders feb2, 43
28
Q

D-Day Invasion

A

June 6, 1944
allied invasion of Normandy, northwestern france
Eisenhower supreme allied commander
Paris liberated aug 25

29
Q

Battle of the Bulge

A

German counter offensive
Ardennes forest
Ultimately a German defeat

30
Q

Fall of Berlin

A

May 2, 1945, Soviets take control of Berlin
German surrender
V-E day, May 8, 1945

31
Q

Japan strategy in the Pacific

A

build and maintain pacific empire

32
Q

Basic US strategy in the Pacific

A

Island Hopping

33
Q

Death March to Bataan

A

Brutal, 80 mile POW march to prison camps in the Pacific (Philippines)

34
Q

Battle of Midway

A

US victory in the Pacific in Midway Atoll
Japans worst naval defeat
A decisive victory for the US

35
Q

Battle of the Coral Sea

A

Battle in the Coral sea between Australia and New Zealand

US victory, primarily aircraft carriers used

36
Q

Battle of Guadalcanal

A

First US offensive against Japanese

37
Q

Battle of Saipan

A

June 1944
US close enough for bomb runs
Demonstrated Japanese willingness to fight to the last man
Close enough for US bombing raids

38
Q

Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa

A

Staging ground for an attack on the Japanese mainland

Iwo Jima- known that the US could not be stopped only slowed down-staged for a lot of casualties

39
Q

Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings

A

Truman decides to use atomic bomb
Hiroshima 80,000 killed instantly 140,000 all together
caused a surrender from Hirohito

40
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

Japan not yet surrendered
Last meeting of allied 3
Germany defeated but Japan not

41
Q

Cold War definition and the US/Soviet Union coldwar

A

A condition of competition, tension, conflict between the US and Soviet Union falling short of actual (hot war)
Never officially declared war on each other
1945-1991

42
Q

Yalta Conference

A

map out post war world
friendly governments in Eastern Europe
Divide Germany in four zones
United Nations

43
Q

“Iron Curtain” -Winston Churchill

A

metaphor for eastern Europe trapped under iron curtain
You cant simply pull back the curtain
Speech at Westminster college Fulton, MO

44
Q

Harry Truman and Truman Doctrine

A

decidevely supporting anti-communist regimes with massive aid
theory of containment

45
Q

Yugoslavia

A

WW2 leader Tito creates communist state Yugoslavia

Not aligned with soviet bloc or any other state

46
Q

Marshall Plan

A

Economically rebuild war torn Europe $12.5 billion
Political weapon to fight the cold war
Undermines the growth of communism

47
Q

Berlin Blockade

A

begins june 7, 1948, creation of west Germany
June 24, soviets stop all surface travel into Berlin
US airlifts supplies to free Berlin zones- 300days 270,000 flights

48
Q

Creation of NATO

A

created to prevent the attack on individual countries from Soviet Union

49
Q

Madame Chiang Kai-shek

A 
Leader of Peoples nationalist party that fought against communism for control of China
Ultimately lost(due to corruption, demoralization, and hyperinflation)
Went to Tawaiin after defeat
50
Q

Formation of the Peoples Republic of China

A

great leap forward (1958-1960)-

Great proleterian cultural revolution(1966-1976)-

51
Q

great leap forward (1958-1960)

A

rapid industrialization and collectivization of agriculture

52
Q

Great proleterian cultural revolution(1966-1976)

A

red guards cleanse impure elements of chinese society

53
Q

Korean War

A

Korea divided after WW2
North invades south
US military intervention
War ends on the 38th parallel

54
Q

MacArthur’s role in Korean War

A

Moves north and gets shut down by Chinese troops

pushed back to 38th parallel- two years of stalemate

55
Q

Geneva conference (1954)

A

Right after France leaves, temporarily partition Vietnam at 17th parallel (divide)

56
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

vietnamese nationalist and marxist revolutionary

fights against french and US

57
Q

Battle of Dien Bien Phu

A

China aids with weapons siezed from Korean War

58
Q

Ngo Dinh Diem

A

First presiden of south vietnam
US anti communist ally
Unpopular with vietnamese people

59
Q

US involvement in vietnam war

A

Goal to preserve and protect non communist s. korea
US takes the brunt for South Vietnam’s weak government and army
Fall of Saigon to communists in 1975

60
Q

Cambodia

A

Gains independence from french rule
Khmer rouge takes control from Lon Nol
Pol Pot takes control
establishes communist gov and killing fields

History 103 Henry (1 decks)

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