Final Terms

Question 1

Marcus Aurelius

• raised
• Emperor status
• culturals
• Wars
• Crises
• family

Answer 1

• Was raised in an aristocratic household in Rome.
• Emperor from 161-180
• Last of the Five Good Emperors
• Knew Greek and Latin
• Stoic Philosopher. Speculated that he may not have wanted to rule
• Wrote Meditations while he ruled.
• His reign was marked by a successful war with Parthia
• He also restored the Danube Frontier from German tribesmen.
• Antonine Plague broke out near beginning of his rule
• Father of Commodus

Question 2

Hadrian

• emperor status
• family
• beginnings
• style
• accomplishments
• succession

Answer 2

• Emperor from 117-138
• Trajan’s cousin and successor
• number 3 of the five good emperors
• Started as a senator
• Served with the Roman Army across the Western Empire
• Visited almost every province in the empire.
• Built Hadrian’s wall
• Rebuilt the Pantheon
• Adopted Pius as his heir
• Insisted the Pius select Aurelius and Verus as his heirs

Question 3

Septimius Severus

• emperor
• beginnings
• took power when??
• significance
• accomplishments
• family

Answer 3

• Emperor from 193-211
• Born in Africa
• Early career in Cursus Honorum under Marcus Aurelius
• Seized power after the Death of Pertinax in 193
• Ended the year of five emperors
• Ended the Praetorian Guard
• Was disliked by the senate
• After consolidating power, waged successful war against the Parthians
• Died while invading Scotland
• Was first of the Severan Dynasty, the last dynasty in Rome

Question 4

Diocletian

• Emperor
• Beginnings
• took power when?
• significance of rule
• accomplishments
• end of rule

Answer 4

• Emperor from 284-305
• Rose the ranks in military to becoming a cavalry commander
• took power after emperor Carus and his son died on campaign
• once emperor, ended the crisis of the Third century
• Created Tetrarchy, which failed
• Consolidated defenses of the empire
• ended Italy’s privileged status
• Had a successful campaign against the Sassanids
• led failed attempt to curb inflation through Edict of Maximum Prices
• Diocletian Persecution was largest official persecution of Christianity
• First emperor to voluntarily abdicate

Question 5

Stilicho

• Status
• period
• blood status
• come up
• power?
• official power
• undoing

Answer 5

• High ranking Roman General
• lived from 359-408
• Was half Vandal but married to relative of Theodosius
• Despite Vandal origins, considered himself a Roman
• Was promoted to General after successful negotiations with the Persians
• Helped Theodosius win the Battle of the Frigid River
• Was appointed to rule West while Theodosius’s son Honorius grew up
• Honorius was a weak leader, so Stilicho became the de-facto ruler
• awarded consulship in 400
• Disasters in Rome and with the tribes gave members of the Honorius Court the opportunity to execute Stilicho, which they did in 408.

Question 6

Justinian's code
-when
-what
-1
-2
-3
----significance
-4
-survival
foundation

Answer 6

• Developed by Justinian from 527-565
• Overhaul of the legal code in the Byzantine Empire
• Part 1 threw out all mentions of the Roman Republic
• Part 2 included new laws passed under Justinian and his successors
• Part 3 was the Digest: a summary of Roman law as far back as possible
• —The digest included 1000s of works that are no longer available to modern-day historians
• Part 4 was the Institute: a handbook for learning the new law.
• Justinian’s Code disappeared for a while
• It began to come back up as medieval rulers used the code as a legal blueprint
• provided the foundation of Civil Law, which is still used today.