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Diagnostic Imaging > Final Systemic, Nutrinonal, Metabloic > Flashcards

Final Systemic, Nutrinonal, Metabloic Flashcards

1
Q

Way to catergoize the abnorma

A 
Catbites
Arthritis
Trauma
Blood
Infection
Tumor
Endocrine
Soft Tissue
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2
Q

This is the MC etiology

A

Osteoenia

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3
Q

This is when bone resoprtion exceeds bone fromation

A

Osteopenia

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4
Q

After 35, bone mass decreases due to

A

reduced osteoblastic differentiation, activity, and life span

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5
Q

3 classification of osteoporosis

A

Senil
Postmenopasual
Transient

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6
Q

Aged related osteoporosis age span

A

40-60 women

50-70 men

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7
Q

White is right on…

A

T1

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8
Q

Radioloigical findings for osteoporosis

A

Pencil thin cortices
Widened interpedicular distance
Cod fish vertebra
Wedge shaped

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9
Q

If cpmpression exceeds 30% of the oringal body height in osteoporosis or retropulsion is present this should be done

A

CT

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10
Q

Columns for mechanical fracture of vertebra

A

a. anterior 1/3 of bodie
b. posterior 2/3 of body
c. pedicale-artpillar-lamina- spinous
Fx. a or c is stable
Fx. b and any other is unstable

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11
Q

Radiological findings of osteoporosis of the hip

A 
Principle Compressive group
Secondary compressive group
Principle compressive group
Greater trochanter group
Ward's Triangle
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12
Q

Principle compressive group

A

across femoral head down to neck

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13
Q

secondary compressive group

A

from greater trochanter doen to neck

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14
Q

principle tensile group

A

from femoral head across to lateral border

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15
Q

Wards traingle

A

Formed from the radiolunecy of the other groups of hip osteoporosis

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16
Q

Lab findings for osteoporosis

A

normal other than high hydroxyproline

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17
Q

What is the bone density scan used for osteoporosis

A

DEXA

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18
Q

Diffuse significant osteopenia especially for patients to young for osteoporosis

A

Mulitple Myeloma

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19
Q

Radiological findings for Multiple Myeloma

A

Raindrop skull=punched out skull

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20
Q

T score standard deviation for osteoporosis

A

0=average

  • 1=2x risk
  • 2=4x
  • 3=8x
  • 1 or higher=normal
  • 2.5 to -1 =oteopenia
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21
Q

RSDS

A

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome

-hypersctivity of the SNS

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22
Q

RSDS is MC in this body part

A

hands

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23
Q

Radiological findings of RSDS

A
  • very nonspecific
  • soft tissue swelling
  • localized, patchy osteoporisis
  • aggressive and severe
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24
Q

Altered bone quality and lack of calcium salts deposited

A

Osteomalacia

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25
Q

This has abnormally high ratio of osteoid to mineralized bone

A

Osteomalacia

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26
Q

The 2 main causes of osteomalacia

A

Vit D metablims

Renal tubular phosphate loss

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27
Q

Radiolical findings for Osteomalacia

A
  • Coarsened trabulation

- Looser Lines

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28
Q

Looser Line

A

Horizontal linear regions of unmineralized osteoid, usually bilateral and symmetrical at right angles (Osteomalacia)

29
Q

What is the best diagnostic procedure for osteomalacia

A

Bone Biopsy

30
Q

Rickets can be caused by a deficency in

A

Vit D
Ca
P

31
Q

This is the decreased quantity of calcified osteoid

A

Rickets

32
Q

Clinical findings for rickets

A
  • Soft tissue swelling around growth plates due to hypertrophoid cartilage
  • elevated alkaline phosphatase
33
Q

Radiological findings of rickets

A
  • MC in fastest growing bones
  • “fraying” of physeal plates and irregualty
  • spraying (cupping) of the weakened bone at the junction of the metaphysis and physis
  • Rachtic rosary
34
Q

What is the longterm deficieny of Vit C

A

Scurvy

35
Q

Scurvy is also known as

A

Barlow’s disease

36
Q

What is infantile scurvy

A

infants 8-14 months fed pasteurized or boiled milke

37
Q

Radiological findings of scurvy

A
  • White line of Frankel
  • Pelken’s spur
  • Wimberger’s sign
  • Trummerfeld’s zone
  • Subperiosteal hemmorrhage
38
Q

This is a sclerotic zone of provisional calcification due to delayed conversion to bone

A

White line of Frankel

39
Q

This is a beak-like metaphyseal outgrowths which extend at right angles to the shaft at ends of metaphysis

A

Pelken;s spurs

40
Q

This is adiodense sclerosis around epiphysis, radiolucent centrally

A

Wimberger’s sign

41
Q

This is a radiolucent band visible directly beneath zone of provsional calcification (disorganized osteod)

A

Trummerfields zone

42
Q

This is when the periosteum is visible corner sign

A

Subperiosteal hemorrahge

43
Q

This is a strong osteoclastic hormone

A

PTH

44
Q

What is primary HPT

A

Parathyroid adenoma

45
Q

what is secondary HPT

A

Renal Osteodystrophy

46
Q

This is the MC HPT

A

Primary

47
Q

This is the most common cause of hypercalcemia

A

Primary HPT

48
Q

This is a bone disorder ocurring when the kidneys fail to maintain proper levels of Ca and P in the blood

A

Renal Osteodystrophy

49
Q

Characteristics of Renal Osteodystrophy

A
  • 30-50 females
  • dialysis
  • normal to low Ca levels
  • elevated alkaline phosphates
50
Q

Raidographic findings of HPT

A
  • Subperiosteal resorption (MC way to diagnosis)
  • Brown tumors
  • Metatastic soft tissue calcification
  • Rugger Jersey Spine
  • Salt and pepper skull
51
Q

Xray this area to confirm any findins of HPT

A

hands

52
Q

Characterisitcs of Pituitary tumors

A
  • headahes
  • dizziness
  • enlarged sella turicia
53
Q

Acromegaly is most prominent in the

A

hands and feet

54
Q

Characterisitcs of acromeagly

A

-soft tissue thickening -palms and soles

55
Q

Radiological findings of acromeagly

A
  • spade like distal tufts

- hooking osteophystes

56
Q

Syndrom that could form from hypercortisolism

A

Crushing’s syndrome

57
Q

Crushings Syndrome is excessive glucocortoid steroids released by

A

Adrenal cortex (Anterior Pituitary tumor)

58
Q

Characteristics of Crushings Syndrome

A
  • Moon face
  • buffalo hump
  • Purple striae on abdomen
59
Q

The MC congenital dwarfing skeletal dysplasia

A

Achondroplaisa

60
Q

Characteristics of Achondroplasia

A
  • Marked Rhizomelic Micromelia

- Trident hands-short stubby bones

61
Q

Radiographic findings of Acondroplasia

A
  • Champagne glass-narrow pelvic inlet
  • bullet vertebrae
  • Trefoil spinal canal
62
Q

What is trefoil spinal canal

A

short pedicles with narrowing interpediculate distance, decreasing caudally

63
Q

This is a defect of intramembranous bone growth usually in the skull, clavicle, and midline

A

Cleidocranial defects

64
Q

Radiographic findings for cleidocranial defects

A
  • pubic diastasis
  • inverted pear shaped radiolucency skull
  • hypopalsia of clavicles
65
Q

This is a disorder marked by failure to produce collagen

A

Marfan’s syndrome

66
Q

Marfan syndrome patients are MC to have

A

Aortic Aneurysm

67
Q

This is an inherited disorder marked by abnormal Type I collagen formation

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

68
Q

This is a sclerosing bone disease of decreased osteoclastic activity

A

Oteopetrosis

69
Q

Radiographic findings of osteopetrosis

A
  • sandwich vertebrae=bone within bone

- Erlenmeyer flask deformity

Diagnostic Imaging (5 decks)

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