Final Study Guide Flashcards
What structure directs the activities of the cell?
Nucleus
Compare how viruses are like parasites.
Both living on or in a host and causing it harm
Why are a virus’ proteins important?
They contain genetic material
What directly provides energy for a virus?
The host
Why are viruses considered to be nonliving?
Do not show all the characteristics of life
Contrast between active virus and a hidden virus
Active virus = attacks right away
Hidden virus = becomes part of the host cell’s genetic material and something has to trigger it
What does a vaccine do and explain how it works
Stimulates a person’s body to produce chemicals that destroy viruses or bacteria-puts body on alert
How can bacterial cells be shaped?
Spherical, rodlike, or spiral
What are the processes called when bacteria reproduce asexually and sexually and describe how the offspring will be?
Binary fission - Asexual - one-cell divides to form two identical cells -> offspring is genetically identical to the parent
Conjugation - Sexual - One bacterium transfers some genetic material to another bacterium -> offspring is genetically different than the parents
What forms during binary fission?
Two identical cells
Why is bacteria considered to be decomposers?
They return basic chemicals to the environment
What roles do bacteria play that live inside human bodies?
Digest food, make vitamins, compete for space with disease causing bacteria
If you have a viral infection, what is the best treatment?
Best rest-sleep
