Final study, all odds. Flashcards
In the United States, standards for dental material are developed and administered by the:
ADA
An amalgam restoration located on the gingival third of tooth #3 would be a class ____ restoration.
Class V restoration
When the temperature changes in the mouth, the teeth and most restorative materials expand and contract by the same amount. No leakage occurs around the restoration.
Both statements are false
Which of the following restorations are utilized when a substantial amount of a tooth is missing?
Crown
If a restoration is fabricated on a replica (positive reproduction) of a patient’s teeth, it is referred to as a:
Cast
Medical devices are grouped into three categories according to Medical Device Amendment of 1976. Which class of devices is most regulated?
Class III
The molecules found in a pane of glass can be best described as:
Amorphous solid, having short-range order
What type of bond is formed when the electrons are shared by all the atoms that make up that object and may be thought of as “positive cores” in a “cloud of negative mobile valence electrons”?
Metallic
A dental polymer with many cross-links as compared to one with no cross-links would be a dental material that is:
Stiff and strong
When the shared electrons of a covalent bond are not shared equally, and one of the bonded atoms is partially positive and the other is partially negative, a ______ is formed.
Permanent dipole
A mixture of two liquids that do not blend together to form one liquid is termed a (an):
Emulsion
A drop of water on a Popsicle is an example of:
Good wetting (low contact angle)
The modulus of elasticity is an indication of what property of a material?
Stiffness
When a stress is induced in a material that is greater than the material’s yield strength, the stress is _____ proportional to the strain, and the material does not return to its original shape.
No longer
An example of a physical property is:
Density
The ability of a material to dissolve in liquid is termed:
Solubility
The rate of heat flow through a material is referred to as:
Thermal conductivity
Fingernail polish remover has “solvent” properties, as it will remove the polish from our fingernails. Another property polish remover has is its tendency to evaporate. Fingernail polish remover can be said to have:
A high vapor pressure
A hardened cement having “low” _______ can firmly hold a patient’s gold crown in place for years in a wet environment.
Solubility
Postage stamps are now self-adhesive. The paper (actual stamp) is referred to as the _______, and the sticky material on the back of the stamp is termed the _______.
Adherend, adhesive
Order steps of the acid-etching process and restoration placement: Clean surface is rinsed with water Etched surface is rinsed with water Bonding resin is applied Enamel is cleaned with pumice Cleaned surface is dried with air Etched surface is dried with air Restorative material is applied Etchant is applied
- Enamel is cleaned with pumice
- Clean surface is rinsed with water
- Cleaned surface is dried with air
- Etchant is applied
- Etched surface is rinsed with water
- Etched surface is dried with air
- Bonding resin is applied
- Restorative material is applied
Why do primary teeth need to be etched longer than permanent teeth?
The enamel rods are less regularly arranged than on permanent teeth.
The “dentin debris” that is created when dentin is cut or prepared by dental instruments is called:
Smear layer
An adhesive mechanism of a dentinal bonding system is hybrid layer. It is composed of:
Resin and decalcified dentin
One problem with polymers is their high coefficients of thermal expansion. These coefficients can be ___ to ___ times greater than that of tooth structure.
2 to 10
What advantage do microfilled composites have compared to macrofilled composites?
Smooth and lustrous polished surface
A specific amount of composite (thickness) that is cured by a light source is termed:
Depth of cure
The _______ composite restorative materials are those with a lower viscosity (decreased filler) to aid in placement.
Flowable
A combination of a pit and fissure sealant and a composite restoration is termed:
Preventive resin restoration
Thermal expansion for microfill composite restorative material is considered to be:
Poor
Composite materials that polymerize using light activation are:
Supplied as a single paste
Which of the following best describes microfill composite materials?
Polishability is very good, strength is low
Which of the following elements is used in the highest amount in an amalgam restoration?
Mercury
The elements composing the gamma-two (y2) phase (the weakest and most corrosion-prone phase) of the amalgam reaction are:
Tin and mercury
Control of the mercury content during mixing and condensing of amalgam must be carefully considered because:
The lower the mercury content, the higher the strength and the lower the marginal breakdown
The manufacturers of dental amalgam control all of the following except:
Proper trituration technique
In the low-copper or traditional amalgam reaction, tin reacts with mercury. In the high-copper amalgam reaction, tin reacts with:
Copper
Ashley was condensing an amalgam during lav and she noticed that the triturated amalgam had a softer, “mushy” feel. What type of alloy did she most likely use in the mixed amalgam?
Spherical
Amalgam may be used for a variety of restorative procedures. ALL of the following pertain to the use of amalgam, EXCEPT:
Restoring Class I, II, IV, and V caries
The use of gold foil is limited to small restorations because of its:
Low strength compared to other restorative materials
Which of the following cements are available in a single-dose capsule, much like that of silver amalgam filling material?
Glass ionomer
All of the following are true for ZOE EXCEPT:
It releases fluoride
When glass ionomer is mixed too slowly, the resulting mix is:
Thick
During mixing, which of the following cements should use as much of the area on the slab as possible to reduce the exothermic reaction?
Zinc phosphate
Which of the following is a common additive to glass powder, reduces melting temperature, and improves the flow of molten glass?
Fluoride
The disadvantage, or drawback, of using polycarboxylate cement is:
Lack of strength
Alginate impression material is:
Easy to use
Dr. Jones requested that you mix alginate and take an impression. While measuring the water, you got involved in conversation and did not notice how warm it was. This oversight will:
Shorten gelation time
The brown paste used in rubber base is called the:
Accelerator
Which of the following is an example of an inelastic impression material?
ZOE impression paste
The popularity of agar impression material is limited by the:
Need for special equipment
Addition silicones are the most popular type of rubber impression materials. The reason for this is cost.
The first statement is true; the second is false
Mrs. Smith has not been to the dentist for several year. It was found that she needed extensive restorative treatment, to which she agreed. You were asked to take impressions as the first step of her care. The impression material of choice would be:
Alginate
Which of the following impression material set by physical means?
Agar
The desirable strength of gypsum materials is ______ related to the amount of water used.
Directly
The gypsum material known as “high-strength stone” may also be referred to as:
Improved stone
To make a correct mix for dental stone when using 50 g of powder, the amount of water would be approximately:
14 to 15 ml
Decreasing the setting time of a dental material results in a product that:
Will set faster
When excess water is not present in a gypsum product, it is known as the:
Dry strength
Initial and final setting times of gypsum can be determined with the use of Gilmore needles. A practical, easy method to determine final setting time in a dental office would be to:
Attempt to penetrate the material with the metal spatula.
If a mold that is created for investing and casting does not ________ to compensate for the action of the metal alloy, the casting will not fit.
Expand
Porcelain is “best suited” for which of the following?
Veneers on anterior teeth
Which of the following waxes is hard, leaves no burnout residue, and has a higher melting temperature?
Inlay
Identify the correct sequence in the centrifugal casting process.
Add sprue to pattern, place in crucible former, invest, and then cast
The term used to define the process of firing porcelain powder to become a solid is:
Sintering
Which of the following is considered to be a fixed indirect restoration?
Onlay
Another name for a provisional restoration is a ___________ restoration.
Temporary
An advantage of bonding porcelain to metal is:
A precise fit of the metal
The term used when the denture teeth are set in wax is:
Denture setup
Heat-activated acrylic resin systems are very similar to chemically activated systems. The major difference (or exception) is:
No chemical activator is present in the liquid of heat-activated systems
Partial denture frameworks usually include:
Clasps, connectors, and mesh
Mandibular dentures are easier to wear than maxillary. Saliva helps to improve the suction needed to hold a denture in place.
The first statement is false; the second statement is true
The acrylic resin of a partial denture is processed the same way as a complete denture EXCEPT:
The acrylic resin must flow through and around the mesh of the framework.
The type of implant that involves cutting a hole into the alveolar bone and then pressing or screwing the implant is called:
Endosseous
To ensure longevity and function of the implant, the patient is responsible for:
Plaque control
All of the following conditions are contraindications for implant placement except:
Recurrent caries
A patient who has a very small, or essentially no mandibular ridge, is said to have a (an):
Atrophic edentulous mandible
The prosthodontic phase of implant treatment involves the placement of several “parts” or attachments. A patient who has completed the surgeries and restorative care would receive, in order:
IAcyCr
Implant, Abutment, Cylinder, Crown
Which type of abrasive looks like a grayish-black sand and is sometimes called “corundum”?
Emery
Which abrasive is used as a slurry to polish amalgam restorations and is also called calcium carbonate?
Whiting
All of following factors affect the rate of abrasion except one:
Bonded and coated abrasives
An example of a “vehicle” to be used with powders would be:
Glycerin
During routine polishing with pumice, _______um of the fluoride-rich layer can be removed.
3-4
Which of the following is harder than enamel?
Pumice
The most frequently used abrasive in dentifrices is:
Silica
Mrs. Smith presents for her prophylaxis appointment after a year, rather than the 6 month prescribed time. She has tobacco stain on the lingual surfaces of her natural teeth, two gold alloy crowns, and several esthetic restorations. Which combination of cleaning/polishing agents should be chosen?
Traditional prophy paste, tin oxide, and a polishing agent for esthetic restorations
The term “nonvital” may be used to describe a tooth that has:
Been treated with a root canal procedure, a necrotic pulp, and no pulp tissue in the pulp cavity (all of the above)
Which of the following statements is the most accurate?
Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and free radicals of oxygen
Teeth with a moderate degree of _____ are the most difficult to successfully whiten.
Tetracycline stain
Which of the following is the most common esthetic procedure in dentistry?
Whitening
When should a bleached tooth be restored with a composite restoration?
1-2 weeks
An aqueous cleaning technology used in pre-whitening and touch up whitening is dispensed in a :
Swab
