final ss Flashcards
an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation’s wealth by government regulation of all of the nation’s commercial interests
Mercantilism: This was an economic system in 18th-century Europe aimed at increasing a nation’s wealth through government regulation of all commercial interests. It emphasized a positive balance of trade, accumulation of precious metals, and state control over economic activities.
Between Europe, Africa, and North America. Europe took slaves from Africa and sent them to the colonies. From the colonies they took Molasses, tea, and cotton.
Triangular Trade: This triangular pattern of trade between Europe, Africa, and North America involved the transportation of slaves from Africa to the colonies. In return, the colonies exported goods like molasses, tea, and cotton back to Europe.
first permanent English colony in North America, founded in Virginia in 1607
Jamestown: Established in 1607, Jamestown was the first permanent English colony in North America, located in present-day Virginia. It played a crucial role in the early history of the United States.
Colonial region settled primarily for economic reasons and was primarily based around Cash-Crop Agriculture, growing crops like Tobacco, Rice and Indigo
Southern Colonies: This colonial region was settled primarily for economic reasons and was characterized by cash-crop agriculture. The cultivation of crops such as tobacco, rice, and indigo was the foundation of the Southern Colonies’ economy.
A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies
Middle Passage: The Middle Passage was the transatlantic voyage that brought enslaved Africans from Africa to North America and the West Indies. It was a horrific and brutal journey marked by inhumane conditions.
England allowed colonies to self rule in exchange for economic opportunities and help during wars against France and Spain
Salutary Neglect: This policy refers to England allowing its colonies to self-rule with minimal interference. In exchange, the colonies were expected to contribute to the economic interests of the mother country and assist in wars against France and Spain.
1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.
Mayflower Compact: In 1620, the Mayflower Compact was the first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men aboard the Mayflower and established a rudimentary form of governance for the Plymouth colony.
First elected representative body in America
House of Burgesses: The House of Burgesses was the first elected representative body in colonial America, established in Virginia in 1619. It marked an early step toward representative democracy.
First written constitution in America
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: Drafted in 1639, the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut is considered the first written constitution in America. It established a framework for governance in the Connecticut Colony.
Town Meetings: These were regular gatherings within towns, often held in churches, where local residents discussed and voted on various issues. During this time, there was often no clear separation between church and state, and these meetings played a crucial role in local governance and decision-making.
A radical political organization for colonial independence which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They used violence and boycotts of British goods to repeal the Act. The Sons leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.
Sons of Liberty: The Sons of Liberty was a radical political organization formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. Committed to colonial independence, they used violence and boycotts of British goods to protest and ultimately repeal the Act. Key leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.
This organization supported the boycott of British goods. They urged Americans to wear homemade fabrics and produce other goods that were previously available only from Britain. They believed that way, the American colonies would become economically independent.
Non-Importation Movement: This organization supported the boycott of British goods and encouraged Americans to wear homemade fabrics and produce items that were previously imported from Britain. Their aim was to promote economic independence for the American colonies.
A 1773 protest against British taxes (Tea Act) in which Boston colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped valuable tea into Boston Harbor.
Boston Tea Party: In 1773, colonists in Boston protested against British taxes, particularly the Tea Act, by disguising themselves as Mohawks and dumping valuable tea into Boston Harbor. This event became known as the Boston Tea Party.
This group was formed in an effort to keep the colonies connected and up to date on events, and also helping to organize boycotts and protests.
Committees of Correspondence: Formed to keep the colonies connected and informed about events, the Committees of Correspondence played a crucial role in organizing boycotts and protests against British policies.
the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property
Natural Rights: This concept, associated with philosophers like John Locke, holds that all humans are born with inherent rights, including the right to life, liberty, and property.
The belief that the people agree to set up rulers for certain purposes and thus have the right to resist or remove rulers who act against those purposes.
Social Contract Theory: This is the belief that people agree to establish rulers for specific purposes and, as a result, have the right to resist or remove rulers who act against those purposes. It’s a foundational concept in political philosophy
This group made up of 5 delegates including Thomas Jefferson was responsible for drafting the Decleration of Independence
Committee of Five: Comprising delegates such as Thomas Jefferson, this group was responsible for drafting the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
What was the primary purpose of the Decleration of Independence?
Primary Purpose of the Declaration of Independence: The primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to formally announce and justify the thirteen American colonies’ decision to break away from British rule. It laid out the philosophical basis for independence and enumerated specific grievances against King George III.
Benjamin Franklin was sent where for what purpose?
Benjamin Franklin’s Mission: Benjamin Franklin was sent to France during the American Revolution to seek French support, including military assistance and alliance, in the war against Britain.
Why was the American alliance with France important?
Importance of American Alliance with France: The American alliance with France during the Revolutionary War was crucial as it provided the Continental Army with military support, including troops, naval power, and financial aid. The French alliance significantly contributed to the American victory over the British and the ultimate success of the American Revolution.
What did John Adams go to the Netherlands to secure during the Revolution
John Adams in the Netherlands: John Adams went to the Netherlands during the Revolution to secure financial and diplomatic support for the American cause. He sought loans and political recognition from the Dutch government to aid the fledgling United States.
What role did women have in the Revolution
Women in the Revolution: Women played vital roles during the Revolution, both on the home front and in direct support of the military. They managed households, farms, and businesses while many men were away at war. Some women also served as nurses, spies, and in other non-combat roles.
What role did American Indians have in the Revolution
American Indians in the Revolution: American Indians were diverse in their involvement during the Revolution. Some tribes sided with the British, hoping to protect their interests, while others supported the American cause. The conflict had significant and often detrimental effects on Native American communities.
What was the role of free Blacks and Slaves during the Revolution?
Free Blacks and Slaves in the Revolution: Both free Blacks and slaves had varying experiences during the Revolution. Some free Blacks fought in the Continental Army, while others sided with the British, who promised freedom in exchange for service. Slaves faced complex situations, with some gaining freedom through military service, while others remained enslaved.
Which statement identifies an important strength of the Articles of Confederation?
Strength of the Articles of Confederation: The Articles of Confederation’s strength lay in its ability to declare war and make peace, conduct foreign affairs, and manage Western territories.
No power to collect taxes -No national court system -No national currency -No taxing authority How did these weaknesses affect the delegates sent to revise the Articles at the convention in 1786?
Weaknesses of the Articles in 1786: The weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, including the inability to collect taxes, lack of a national court system, absence of a national currency, and no taxing authority, led to economic instability and the inability to address critical issues. Delegates recognized these weaknesses and convened the Constitutional Convention in 1787 to address them.
