Final Short Match Flashcards
Cypress Hills Massacre
in 1873 Americans crossed into Canada while wolf hunting and killed 20 Assiniboine. became a diplomatic incident and got funding for the RCMP
Joseph Chamberlain
Colonial Secretary during the Anglo-Boer war, pro unite-empire for the sake of military and economic power
Lord Minto
Governor General of Canada. Pro Canadian involvement in Anglo-Boer War
Henri Bourassa
Quebec politician, journalist and nationalist, strongly against Canadian involvement in the Anglo-Boer War. Resigned as an MP over the volunteer force
Paardeberg
Battle during the Second Boer War that Canadian volunteer troops fought in - Canadians proud of contribution
Grover Cleveland
American President who claimed Britain was violating the Monroe Doctrine over British Guina and Venezuelan border. Britain was distracted and backed down. Led to fears in Canada that Britain would also back down in regards to Canada
Theodore Roosevelt
American President. Walk softly and carry a big stick. Very frustrated with Alaska Pan Handle dispute. tells the british “I’m going to be ugly [over the dispute]”
Hay-Herbert Convention
January 1902 solution to the Alaskan Pan Handle dispute. committee of 6 - 3 from america, 2 from canada, 1 from britain
Elihu Root
Teddy Roosevelt’s Secretary of War. Sat on the Hay-Herbert Convention Tribunal as one of the american reps. Not going to give in
Lord Alverstone
Chief Justice of England. Britain’s representative on the Hay-Herbert Convention. Ended up agreeing with the Americans and went down in notoriety in Canada
Charles Tupper
former Premier of Nova Scotia and later High Commissioner in London. Went on a PR tour that raised Canada’s profile in Europe and negotiated Can-Fran deal
Joseph Pope
bureaucrat and administrator who was the first head of the Canadian Dept. of External Affairs in 1909. (undersecretary of state of external affairs)
Howard Taft
American President 1909-1913 who is friendly towards Canada. wanted to renew the reciprocity deal with Canada, has a summer home in Quebec
Clifford Sifton
minister of interior under Laurier, known for high immigration into Canada to settle the west, established colonial offices in Europe and USA also strongly opposed reciprocity (due to western ties)
Champ clark
To do with the 1911 Reciprocity Treaty. He was an american who gave a pro-annexation of Canada speech. went over like a lead balloon in Canada and probably cost Laurier the election
H H Asquith
British pm beginning of ww1. Wanted dreadnoughts (naval crisis) out of Canada. Did not consult with Canada about anything to do with war
David Lloyd-George
British PM in second half of WW1, started the imperial war cabinet, resolution ix, was a Tory, also pm during Chanak crisis
Vimy Ridge
April 1917 battle in which Canadians beat the germans. little actual effect on the war, big effect on moral, Canadian divisions fought together
Passchendaele
late 1917 Canadians are sent (under Arthur Currie) to Passchendaele Bloody and muddy battle, 16000 Canadians dead, resulted in Borden’s ultimatum to Britain regarding better treatment
Douglas Haig
British Field Marshall and Commander at Passchendaele - idiot not concerned with casualties
Committee of Prime Ministers
came as a result of Passchendaele; gave politicians from dominions and Britain more power over military
Billy Hughes
Australian Premier at the Imperial Conference of 1921. Wanted a renewal of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance
Loring Christie
Borden’s advisor and head of the Dept. of External Affairs. Part of the Round Table. Imperialist for most of his career. anti-anglo-japanese alliance (concerned about USA)
Anglo-Japanese Alliance
An alliance formed in 1902 that was up for renewal in 1922. was a hot button issue between competing interests in the Empire
Washington Conference
late 1921 4 great naval powers (USA, Britain, France, Japan) came together. resulted in the Four Power Accord regarding respecting each others rights at sea
J. W. Dafoe
Reporter that went to the imperial conference in 1923, liberal
Lord Curzon
British Foreign Secretary at the Imperial Conference of 1923. Told his wife King was obstinate and stupid,
Leopold amery
First Lord of the British Admiralty in the early 1920s. Wanted to create a united Empire Navy, thus requiring Dominions to expand their own Navies, which Mackenzie King axed - not interested in military spending
Jan smuts
South African prime minister at Imperial Conference 1923 that was generally pro empire - told King that he was being very difficult, and later that he should be happy, as Canada had had her way
J b m herzog
Prime Minister of South Africa at 1926 Imperial Conference. had been elected based on a nationalist platform
Balfour Declaration
made the dominions autonomous. “autonomous Communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs, though united by a common allegiance to the
Crown, and freely associated as members of the British
Commonwealth of Nations.”
Named after Lord Balfour who chaired
Statute of Westminister
1931, officially recognized dominions as independent. Formalization of the Balfour Declaration
Raoul dandurand
Canadian representative to the League of Nations, also League President in 1925, and delegate 1927-1930. Called Canada a fireproof house
Herbert Marler
Canadian ambassador to Japan, appointed in 1929. didn’t want to rock the economic boat over the Manchurian Invasion
Hugh Keenleyside
would rise to prominence in the Dept. of External Affairs. Went with Marler to Japan. Read the Manchurian Invasion as Japan as aggressor
Five-cent piece speech
at start of Great Depression, before King realized this was the real deal he said that he wouldn’t give a five cent piece to a conservative ploy
William Herridge
Canadian Ambassador to the USA under RB Bennett, and Bennett’s brother in law. Not a crony. Valued the Can-USA relationship
Lytton Commission
The commission in charge of investigating the Manchurian Invasion for the League Of Nations came back saying that japan was the aggressor, and that Japan should give it back to China. Announced conclusions october. 1932
C H Cahan
sent by Bennett to express a conciliatory opinion on the Manchurian crisis in Dec 1932. Instead comes across VERY pro Japan. Embaressment for Canadian delegates
Howard Ferguson
Canadian High Commissioner in London during the Ethiopian. Worked with Riddell to develop strong Canadian response. When Bennett almost had them abstain he suggested to go golfing instead of facing the shame
W. A. Riddell
Canadian politician and League of Nations Delegate. Wanted heavy gas and oil boycotts in response to Italian invasion of Ethiopia in 1935. King was appalled
Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion
1500 Canadian volunteer fighters that went to fight in the Spanish Civil War in 1937 to defend the government there against Francesco Franco. Did so against Canadian government wishes ( they created the Foreign Enlistment Act (1937) as a response)
Harry Crerar
the Canadian Army’s Director of Military
Operations and Intelligence. also travelled to Germany in 1937 with Mackenzie King. He accurately predicted when the European War would start, and understood the Nazi’s quite well
Neville Chamberlain
Prime Minister of Britain in the lead up to WW2. Took an appeasement based position
Royal Tour of 1939
First time a sitting monarch visited Canada. HUGE PR coup, and also a propaganda moment in the lead up to WW2
Winston Churchill
Prime Minister of Britain in WW2. Was elected in 1940.
Franklin Delanor Roosevelt
President of the USA during WW2 and last half the Great Depression. Came up with the Ogdensburg agreement. King copied his tactics with the new deal after his re-election. They were friends
British Commonwealth Air Training Plan
130,000 allied pilots and air crew trained in Canada, well liked across political lines
Alaska Highway
made during WW2 as part of the Permanent Join Board (Ogdensburg Agreement) between Canada and the US to be able to move resources and develop communications with the far flung Alaska. There was concern of a northwest Japanese invasion Most of it is in Canada, and it was mostly constructed by US military (Canada paid for it tho)
W. W. Foster
Canadian Major General in charge of the NorthWest - and on keeping an eye on those americans re: Alaskan Highway
Joseph Stalin
Leader of the Soviet Union in the war period
Norman Robertson
replaced OD Skelton as head of External Affairs. was 36 and not confident when he received it
Hume Wrong
primary credit for Canadas post WWII foreign policy, contribution based voice + functional principle (=the closer you are to an issue, the more say)
Lord Halifax
British Ambassador to the USA, promoted unified Commonwealth policy
