Final Rome Classic Civ. Flashcards
(166 cards)
1
Q
What group flourished 900-400 BC?
A
Etruscans
2
Q
This Etruscan city fought against Rome and lost in 396.
A
Veii
3
Q
What period was from (753-509 BC)?
A
Monarchy
4
Q
What period was from (509-31 BC)?
A
Republic
5
Q
What period was from (133-31 BC)?
A
Late Republic/Century of Blood
6
Q
What period was from (31 BC-476 AD)?
A
Empire
7
Q
last independent Etruscan city destroyed by Rome in 264?
A
Volsinii
8
Q
Who were transitional citizens?
A
Latins
9
Q
Who did the Gracchi’s reforms help particularly?
A
Latins
10
Q
What group was inhabitants of south-central Italy speak language related to Latin?
A
Samnites
11
Q
What battle in 295 BC did Samnites ally with Gauls for largest battle in Italy so far (36000 Roman troops) and Roman allies outnumber Romans?
A
Battle of Sentinum
12
Q
Time frame of Roman expansion into central Italy?
A
350-280 BC
13
Q
When was first treaty between Rome & Carthage?
A
508 BC
14
Q
Carthage _____ power vs. Rome ______ power. Carthaginians depend on mercenaries Romans campaign in Sicily
A
sea… land
15
Q
largest naval battle in history (680 ships)?
A
Battle of Ecnomus, 258 BC
16
Q
When did Regulus invade Carthage?
A
255 BC
17
Q
2nd Punic war happened what years?
A
(218-201)
18
Q
Who defeated Rome in 217 BC, only to be defeated in 201 BC by Rome? What war was this in?
A
Hannibal, 2nd Punic War
19
Q
When did the 3rd Punic War take place?
A
(149-146)
20
Q
Who wanted the destruction of Carthage in 3rd punic war?
A
Cato
21
Q
Who was the mother of the Gracchi?
A
Cornelia
22
Q
Whose reforms were these? - Reforms (133-122) distribute public land in small plots
limit plot size found new colony at Carthage subsidize the price of grain equestrians collect taxes more rights for “Latins”
A
Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus
23
Q
(Century of Blood) 111-105 Who won the Jugurthine War?
A
Marius
24
Q
Civil War between Marius & Sulla. Who won and what years did it take place?
A
Marius exiled to Africa, raises an army, then comes back to Rome to exile Sulla. 86-82
25
Whose reform was this? Cursus honorum: “course of offices,” minimum ages and prerequisites for each office
Sulla
26
Whose reform was this? Term limits: ten years between same office Senate doubled in size to 600 .
Sulla
27
Whose reform was this? Equites kicked off juries in favor of senators
Sulla
28
Whose reform was this? Tribunes now ineligible for any other office and cannot originate legislation
Sulla
29
Whose reform was this? Abolition of grain distribution Restrictions on governors of provinces.
Sulla
30
Which Roman General led the insurrection in Spain in 72 BC?
Sertorius
31
When was Caesar's invasion of Britain?
50 BC
32
Who was in the 'first triumvirate'?
Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey
33
Who was in the 'second triumvirate'?
Lepidus, Octavian, and Mark Antony
34
What were the 2 chief executives called?
Consuls
35
Who were the judicial/military officials, later governors of provinces?
Praetors
36
Who were the treasurers/financial managers of revenue already collected ?
Quaestors
37
Who were the commissioners for urban amenities (sewers, aqueducts, games, roads)?
Aediles
38
Name the three assemblies.
Plebeians, centuriate, and tribal
39
what is moving animals for pasture between mountains & plains and who did it?
transhumance, Samnites
40
What types of weapons did Samnites use?
Iron
41
What years were the Samnite wars?
343-290
42
Who did Samnite's ally with for Sentinum?
Gauls
43
When Rome attacks the Messinians as precursor to the Punic wars, who comes to the Messinians' aid?
Carthage and Syracuse
44
Regulus' invasion of Carthage happened in what war?
1st Punic War. in 255 BC
45
Where did the Romans finally defeat Hannibal?
Zoma, 201 BC
46
What years were the Macedonian Wars?
215-146 BC
47
Romans fight against Macedonians, what is another name for Macedonians?
Antigonids
48
Who did the Romans crush in 146 BC at Corinth?
Achaean league
49
What years was the Syrian war?
192-189
50
In Syrian war, Romans try to keep _________ (successors of Alex) out of Europe with Greek allies Rhodes & Pergamum
The seleucids
51
first Roman bronze coins struck in _________ (south Italy) in ____'s BC
Campania, 320's
52
What kind of money did the Romans use?
Specie: Coins. NOT fiat.
53
What type of crash happened in 146-133 and who took care of it?
Economic, the Gracchi's reforms were needed.
54
What were the dates of the Reforms of the Gracchi's?
133-122 BC
55
who distributed public land in small plots?
Gracchi
56
who limited plot size ?
Gracchi
57
who found new colony at Carthage ?
Gracchi
58
who subsidized the price of grain ?
Gracchi
59
who let equestrians collect taxes ?
Gracchi
60
Bridges famously had _______.
Arches
61
Where was the Necropolis?
Appian Way
62
Roman History before 509 BC may reflect reality or is important for how Rome saw itself. Which view?
Anglo-American
63
Roman History before 509 is pure hogwash or reflects later Roman History. Which view?
Italo-french
64
some Roman History before 509 reflects reality, some is hogwash. Which view?
Swedish
65
Source for Roman history: in Latin eclipsed all predecessors
Livy (24 BC – 17 AD)
66
Source for Roman history: oratory/philosophy, ideological view
Cicero (70-43 BC)
67
Source for Roman history: biographies of famous Greeks & Romans
Plutarch (100-120 AD)
68
god of war
mars
69
goddess of love
venus
70
goddess of hunting & animal fertility
diana
71
Origins of rome: colonial legend
Aeneas from Troy
72
Origins of rome: native legend
Romulus and Remus from Alba Longa (suburb of Rome)
73
Struggle of the ______ (___-400).
Orders, 500
74
plebeians evolve as self-governing interest group in early ___'s.
400
75
Plebeians want what from Roman government?
food, land, office
76
______ evolve as political group in response to Plebs
Patricians
77
Co-opting of ________- through marriage
Plebs
78
Patrician repeated holding of an office due to _______ support
Pleb
79
Senate becomes _______ through control of offices.
patrician
80
legend for Etruscans: __ Etruscan kings 616-509, ______ed from Rome.
3, expelled
81
What type of tombs did Etruscans have?
Chamber
82
103-101 War vs. Cimbri & Teutones, won by whom?
Marius
83
80-72 Revolt of Roman general _______ in Spain, ends when assassinated by own staff
Sertorius
84
67 Pirate war, won by whom?
Pompey
85
88-66 Mithridatic War, won by whom?
Pompey
86
63 annexation of Judaea by Afranius, _____ of Pompey
legate
87
91-87 ______ War
Social
88
86-82 Civil War between ______ & _______
Marius, Sulla
89
82 Reforms of _____
Sulla
90
73-71 Slave Revolt under ______
Spartacus
91
70 Extortion trial of ______ brought by Cicero
Verres
92
Who defeats Spartacus?
Crassus
93
How did Mark Antony die in 70 BC?
Pirates
94
Pursuit of _____ & ______, assassins of Caesar: battle of Philippi 42 BC
Brutus, Cassius
95
Open warfare at ______ 31 BC: ______ vs. Antony & Cleopatra VII
Actium, Octavian
96
Praenomen....
first name (Tiberius)
97
Nomen....
family name (Claudius)
98
Cognomen...
nickname (Nero)
99
Male slaves take master's praenomen and nomen, but their ______ becomes their cognomen.
Slave name. *If Kyle is the slave = Tiberius Claudius Kyle
100
Female slaves take master's _______ and add slave name to the end.
nomen, *If Kyla is the slave - Claudia (fem.) Kyla
101
Whose office? Tribunician power to propose & veto laws
Augustus
102
Censor to enlarge & shrink Senate. Whose office?
Augustus
103
Consul on irregular basis until 2 BC. Whose office?
Augustus
104
Whose office? Proconsular power in frontier provinces
Augustus
105
Whose office? “Greater Power”– outrank every other military
Augustus
106
officer everywhere in Empire. Whose office?
Augustus
107
Caretaker of grain supply. Whose office?
Augustus
108
Several priesthoods (Pontifex Maximus). Whose office?
Augustus
109
Senate enlarges with supporters. Whose reform?
Augustus
110
Senate shrinks by removing civil war participants. Whose reform?
Augustus
111
Senate used as helpers for administration. Whose reform?
Augustus
112
Restore voting with some choices for people. Whose reform?
Augustus
113
Reduce grain dole for people. Whose reform?
Augustus
114
Settle more people in colonies (e.g. Berytus = Beirut). Whose reform?
Augustus
115
adultery laws. Whose reform?
Augustus
116
right of 3 children. Whose reform?
Augustus
117
ex-slaves as Junian Latins (transitional citizens). Whose reform?
Augustus
118
Augustus was the adopted son of whom?
J. Caesar
119
Who was Son of Livia, Augustus’ wife?
Tiberius
120
Who was General in Germany and Pannonia?
Tiberius
121
All other candidates for emperor die so who comes to the throne?
Tiberius
122
Who Decreases role of Senate & People?
Tiberius
123
Who Holds rather than expands frontiers?
Tiberius
124
Under whom can we consider the Empire "here to stay"?
Tiberius
125
Who Makes horse a senator?
Gaius (Caligula) (37-41 AD)
126
Who has Unsuccessful invasion of Britain?
Gaius (Caligula) (37-41 AD)
127
Who was Murdered by Praetorian Guard?
Gaius (Caligula) (37-41 AD)
128
Under whom was there a successful invasion of Britain?
Claudius (41-54 AD)
129
Under whom did a new harbor at Ostia begun?
Claudius (41-54 AD)
130
Who wrote History of Etruscans (now lost)?
Claudius (41-54 AD)
131
Who introduced digamma, F (“w” sound) to distinguish consonant V (sounds like “w”) from vowel V (sounds like “u”)?
Claudius (41-54 AD)
132
Who had wars with Parthians (Persians)?
Nero (54-68 AD)
133
Who faced revolt in Britain under Boudicca (60 AD)?
Nero (54-68 AD)
134
Who promoted spectacles at Rome?
Nero (54-68 AD)
135
Who was wildly popular in East, considered divine?
Nero (54-68 AD)
136
Under whom did the 1st Jewish War begin in 66 AD?
Nero (54-68 AD)
137
Who commits suicide before Praetorian Guard can kill him?
Nero (54-68 AD)
138
Younger brother of Titus?
Domitian
139
who Re-institutes reign of terror?
Domitian
140
who Fights Germans 83-87 AD?
Domitian
141
who Sends Agricola to Britain 87-89 AD?
Domitian
142
who has Trouble with Decebalus, King of Dacia (Rumania) in 84 AD?
Domitian
143
______ – foundation to feed poor children (Nerva)
Alimenta
144
Dacian campaign by ______ -> _______ -> inflation
Trajan, Gold
145
Who Extended Empire north of Danube?
Trajan
146
Who squared off vs. Decebalus, Dacian king since Domitian?
Trajan
147
Under whom did Dacia become new province?
Trajan
148
Under whom did Precious metals flood Roman economy?
Trajan
149
1st Jewish War->destruction of 2nd Temple in Jerusalem 70 AD by _____
Titus
150
_______'s campaign against Jewish revolts in Egypt, Cyrene, Africa in 116 AD -> militants move to Judaea
Trajan
151
Who Outlawed circumcision ?
Hadrian
152
Who Proposed building pagan temple on site of 2nd Temple?
Hadrian
153
___ Jewish War under Hadrian 132-135
| vs. ___ _____
2nd, Bar Kochba
154
Julius Caesar’s expedition, 50 BC where?
Britain
155
Boudicca’s revolt 60 AD: Romans briefly expelled from where?
Britain
156
Agricola’s expedition, 78-89 AD, where?
Britain
157
Oldest church ____-______ on Euphrates destroyed 256
Dura-Europus
158
Queen Zenobia from where?
Palmyra (fleeing the center 267-272)
159
Who started the Tetrarchy (four-ruler system,Caesar->Augustus)?
Diocletian
160
who settled "barbarians" within empire?
Diocletian
161
Whose persecution of Christians in 303-11?
Diocletian
162
______'s retirement in 305 -> succession problem.
Diocletian
163
Coinage reform under whom? (295 AD)
Diocletian
164
Who placed Edict on Maximum Prices of slaves 301-5 AD?
Diocletian
165
Constantine moves capital to where?
Constantinople
166
What is Edict of Milan and when?
Toleration of Christianity in 312
