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AP Lang - Semester 1 > FINAL Rhetorical Vocab studying > Flashcards

FINAL Rhetorical Vocab studying Flashcards

1
Q

Aphorism

A

a concise statement of a principle. ex - “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it”.

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2
Q

Apostrophe

A

A speech/address towards a person that’s not actually there // a personified object. Ex: the skull in Hamlet.

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3
Q

Assonance

A

similar vowel sounds (ex: stony and holy)

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4
Q

Asyndeton

A

Conjunctions are omitted/left out. (“You go, you stay, you leave”)

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5
Q

Blank Verse

A

Poetry written in unrhymed but metered lines . usually in iambic pentameter

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6
Q

Cacophony

A

Harsh or discordant sounds in words.

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7
Q

Caesura

A

A break/pause in a line/ verse. (Think - the little dash lines //)

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8
Q

Caricature

A

Exaggeration/distortion of characteristics to represent a character.

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9
Q

Colloquialism

A

“ain’t” or “gonna” - words only used in certain appropriate circumstances

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10
Q

Concrete Language

A

tangible/perceivable. fact, not abstract

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11
Q

Connotation

A

different association rather than its literal meaning. (“thrifty” vs. “stingy”)

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12
Q

Consonance

A

“to lead away from”. big to small

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13
Q

Denotation

A

literal dictionary def

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14
Q

Diction

A

choice of words

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15
Q

Dissonance

A

disruption of harmonic sounds or rhythms. lack of harmony. more about organization. Things don’t match up and it’s jarring.

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16
Q

Dramatic Irony

A

the reader knows something that the character doesn’t.

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17
Q

End-stopped

A

The definite end of a text/poem. (Think - periods rather than commas. cut off)

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18
Q

Epigraph

A

A quotation at the beginning of a work that suggests its theme

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19
Q

Enjambed

A

The continuation of a sentence in poetry from one line to the next

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20
Q

Epistrophe

A

The repetition of phrases our clauses in a set of clauses, sentences, or poetic lines. “For the people, from the people, by the people”

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21
Q

Epithet

A

Adjective/phrase used to characterize someone / describe a characteristic. Ex: Ivan the Terrible

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22
Q

Euphony

A

pleasing and harmonious sound patterns

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23
Q

Exposition

A

background info on the characters/setting, usually at the beginning of the story

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24
Q

Extended Metaphor

A

metaphor that goes on for a whiiiile

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25
Q

Figurative Language

A

you know this one

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26
Q

Foreshadowing

A

hints at what is to come in the story

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27
Q

Frame narrative

A

a story is situated inside of another story

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28
Q

Free Verse

A

poetry that doesn’t follow any strict meter or rhyme scheme

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29
Q

Genre

A

a distinctive type/category of literary composition

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30
Q

Heroic Couplet

A

a pair of rhyming lines in a heroic poem OR that show themes of heroism.

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31
Q

Hubris

A

arrogance and excessive pride `

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32
Q

Humanism

A

human values are of the most importance

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33
Q

Hyperbole

A

An exaggeration to create effect

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34
Q

Euphemism

A

The replacement of one word that might be too inappropriate for a situation with a word that is appropriate Ex: “passed away” instead of “died”

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35
Q

Induction

A

A conclusion that’s reached after the analysis of facts

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36
Q

Inference

A

reaching a conclusion from known facts

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37
Q

Interior Monologue

A

the inner thoughts of the characters

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38
Q

Invective

A

abusive, reproachful, venomous language intended to offend or blame or hurt

39
Q

Inversion

A

the syntactic reversal of the normal order of words and phrases in a sentence

40
Q

Irony

A

when a person says or does something that departs from what one expects them to say or do

41
Q

Jargon

A

a type of specialized language used within a unique field

42
Q

Lampoon

A

speech or text that is satire meant to criticize (ex - political cartoons)

43
Q

Logical Fallacy

A

flawed, deceptive, or false arguments that can be proben wrong with reasoning

44
Q

Lyric

A

a type of poem construction. usually has verses and is flowing and meaningful/filled with feeling

45
Q

Metaphor

A

a comparison using “is”

46
Q

Meter

A

the rhythmic pattern of poetry

47
Q

Metonymy

A

translates to “change of name” ;; something is referred to by something that is closely related to it. i.e. referring to a plate of food as just a “plate” or “lend me your ears” or “give me a hand”

48
Q

Mock Epic

A

a form of satire - takes the epicness of a heroic style of the classical epic poem and makes it about something trivial.

49
Q

Mode

A

a way of categorizing literature by the way it is done; (ex - descriptive, persuasive, etc)

50
Q

Moral

A

a lesson that is conveyed through the text

51
Q

Motif

A

a symbolic idea or image that appears frequently in the text

52
Q

Narration

A

the way that a story is told

53
Q

Non-Sequitur

A

a conclusion or reply that doesn’t fit with the previous statement/question , usually for comedy. (ex - “what’s the weather out today?” “2:00”)

54
Q

Objectivity

A

being concerned with facts rather than feelings or biases.

55
Q

Onomatopoeia

A

formation of a word that sounds like the thing

56
Q

Oxymoron

A

contradictory terms appear together (ex: bittersweet)

57
Q

Parable

A

a short fictional story that illustrates a moral attitude or religious principle

58
Q

Paradox

A

a statement that contradicts itself but contains a kernel of truth. ex- “I am not lying” - but how can you trust what they say?

59
Q

Parallelism

A

when a sentence is constructed in a parallel fashion.
(ex: I like dogs and I like cats (not I like dogs and also cats)

60
Q

Parody

A

a humorous imitation (ex- puffs!)

61
Q

Pedantic

A

(often about a person) usually overly attentive to small details/ very overly detailed

62
Q

Personification

A

applying qualities of personhood to an inanimate object

63
Q

Point of View

A

the perspective from which a story is told

64
Q

First-person narrator

A

narration told from the perspective of the main character

65
Q

Stream of consciousness

A

captures the rawness of the inner thought process

66
Q

Omniscient

A

the story is told from a perspective that is outside of the story, but they still know the insides of the characters’ heads

67
Q

Limited omniscient

A

third person narration through the eyes of the main character

68
Q

Rhetoric

A

language designed to motivate, persuade, or inform - basically, to have an impact on the reader.

69
Q

Petrarchan Conceit

A

a hyperbolic comparison - usually made by poets. She’s like a tomb, she’s like an ocean, she’s like the sun

70
Q

Polysyndeton

A

more conjunctions than needed for emphasis (neither rain nor snow nor shine)

71
Q

Protagonist

A

their fate matters most - the main character and the one fighting for good

72
Q

Reductio ad absurdum

A

a mode of argumentation that seeks to establish a contention by deriving an absurdity from its denial (an anti-Equal Rights advocate claiming that anyone in favor of an Equal Right Amendment must be in favor of killing babies)

73
Q

Regionalism

A

works that describe/represent a certain region or culture (m..midwest emo….)

74
Q

Zeugma

A

One word to link two thoughts - “She broke his car and his heart”

75
Q

Satire

A

ridicules various aspects of pop culture (usually politics) in order to influence change

76
Q

Rhetorical Question

A

A question asked for an effect, not for an answer

77
Q

Simile

A

A comparison using “like” or “as”

78
Q

Sonnet

A

a fourteen-line poem written in iambic pentameter, employing one of several rhyme schemes, and adhering to a tightly structured thematic organization. The name is taken from the Italian sonetto, which means “a little sound or song.”

79
Q

Strawman

A

purposefully misinterprets someone’s argument to make it easier to dismiss. Ex: “I think that we should eat less beef” “YOU THINK WE SHOULD ALLLL BE VEGANS??”

80
Q

Subjectivity

A

how something is subjective - shaped by personal opinions and feelings

81
Q

Syllogism

A

deductive reasoning from a major to minor premise EX: penguins are black and white, and old TV shows were black and white, so therefore all penguins are old TV. EX: All men are mortal. Thom Yorke is a man. Therefore, all men are mortal

82
Q

Symbolism

A

the use of an object or an action to represent something else

83
Q

Synecdoche

A

using a part of something to represent the whole. EX: he’s been behind bars for years

84
Q

Syntactic Fluency

A

The ability to create a variety of sentence structures - both complex and simple to add variation to writing

85
Q

Syntactic Permutation

A

sentence structures that are extremely complex and involved.

86
Q

Syntax

A

word structure

87
Q

Theme

A

universal idea/message of a work

88
Q

Thesis

A

the main/controlling idea of a work

89
Q

Tone

A

the writer’s attitude toward the subject

90
Q

Travesty

A

the treatment of a noble or dignified subject in an inappropriate manner

91
Q

Understatement

A

describing something as having much less than it does for effect

92
Q

Voice

A

the rhetorical mixture of vocabulary, tone, point of view, and syntax that makes phrases, sentences, and paragraphs flow in a particular manne

93
Q

Voice

A

the rhetorical mixture of vocabulary, tone, point of view, and syntax that makes phrases, sentences, and paragraphs flow in a particular manner

94
Q

Verismilitude

A

the appearance of being true, or a likeness to the truth

AP Lang - Semester 1 (7 decks)

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