Final Review Flashcards
Which portion of the corporate ecosystem is KSFs?
Industry
What are KSFs?
Factors that affect firm’s ability to be successful. Need to do in order to retain customers and stay competitive
How do pre-requisites for success translate to KSFs?
Analysis of Demand (what do customers want)
Analysis of competition (how does the firm survive)
What are two categories ( and examples) of customers needs? KSFs
Marketing (brand name, product line depth)
Distribution (accessible stores, wide distribution)
What are 3 categories (and examples) of competencies to gain a competitive advantage
Tech (R&D, patents)
Manufacturing (EOS, Quality control)
Skills and Capabilites (talented workforce)
What are the 8 steps to analyze an industry
- Define industry (scope)
- ID participants
- 5 forces
- Strength of each force
- Drivers assessment
- Positions of players
- KSFs
- Industry attractiveness
What are the two main factors that contribute to firm performance
- Industry effects
2. Firm effects
What are the 3 multi-dimensional approaches to comp advantages?
- Econ Value
- Shareholder Value
- Accounting measures
What is economic value?
Difference between buyer’s willingness to pay and total cost to produce it.
What are 5 limitations of accounting data?
- Past performance
- Off-balance sheet items
- Focus on tangible assets
- Hard to direct compare as different structures
- Book vs market value
What are the 4 types of ratios covered?
- Profitability
- Growth
- Leverage/solvency
- Liquidity/activity
What are the 4 levels of competitive advantage? (from top down)
- Distinct competence
- Core competences
- Core skills
- Capabilities
What is the funnel model as it applies to industry analysis?
Remote environments factors are put through the industry structure and driving forces and become factors in the operating environment
What are the 3 factors that affect stakeholder impact?
- Power
- Legitimacy
- Urgency
What are 5 easily found points of info on competitors in operating environment?
- Market share
- Financial position
- Raw material sources
- Capacity
- Price competitiveness
What are 4 factors that affect access to personnel?
- Firm’s reputation
- Local employment rates
- Availability of skill
- Relationship with labour unions.
What are Grundy’s 5 suggestions to improving Porter’s?
- Incorporate other frameworks
- Use vector analysis to map impact
- Consider impact of time
- Explore 5 force inter-dependencies
- Consider micro-forces
What are 4 inter dependencies in Porter’s?
- Backward integration (entry barriers and supplier power)
- New entrants encouraged (Entry and buyer)
- Search for subs (Buyer and subs)
- Forward integration (subs and supplier)
What is the definition of a complement?
Products or services that cause your product to be valued more when paired
What are 3 examples of industry cooperation?
- Professional associations
- Industry associations
- Social initiatives
What are the 5 parts of the value net?
- Customers
- Substitutors
- Complementors
- Suppliers
- Company
What are the 4 stages of an industry life cycle? And the typical main activity in each
- Emerging (innovation)
- Growth (scale)
- Maturity (efficiency)
- Decline (Cost decrease)
5 types of consumer adoption
- Innovators
- Early adopters
- Early majority
- Late majority
- Laggards
What are 3 changes in industry boundaries?
- Convergence of products (smartphones)
- Divergence of products (knives)
- Wider availability and bundling
3 examples of typical strategic choices in emerging phase
- Establish their tech as dominant
- Improve product quality rapidly
- Forecast future competitors
3 examples of typical strategic choices in growth phase
- Establish brand recognition
- Scale up to meet demand
- Build repeat buyers
3 examples of typical strategic choice in mature industries
- Emphasize cost reduction
- International expansion
- Careful buyer selection
3 examples of typical strategies in declining industries
- Focus of higher return
- M&A
- Emphasize production efficiency
5 reasons to go international
- New customers
- Capitalize on core competencies
- Help achieve lower costs
- Gain access to resources and capabilities
- Spread risk across wider market
6 considerations of the complex international environment before going global
- Multiple STEEP environments
- Different countries have home-country advantages
- Interactions between home and host environments
- Restrictions (blocs, trade, etc.)
- Communications
- Buyer tastes and preferences
CAGE: 4 factors
Cultural, Admin, Geographic, Economic
CAGE: 3 attributes in each factor
Cultural: Language, religions, social norms
Admin: Colonial ties, gov policies, institutional weakness
Geographic: Lack of sea access, difference in climate, lack of common border
Economic: Diff in incomes, natural resources, knowledge
What are the 3 strategies to compete internationally?
Global strategy: Think Global, Act Global
Trans-National: Think Global, act local
Multi-Domestic: Think local, act local
3 reasons to concentrate locally
- Cost of manufacturing lower in a region
- Learning/experience curve effects in a single location
- Natural resources
3 reason to disperse activities across many locations
- High transport costs
- Reduce ForEx risks
- Diseconomies of a large size
2 (Dis)Advantages of a Multi-domestic approach
Adv: 1. Specific needs addressed 2. Swift response Dis: 1. Higher production costs 2. Hinders resource sharing
2 (Dis)Advantages of a Global approach
Adv: 1. EOS 2. Global brand/rep Dis: 1. Unable to address local needs 2. Transport costs
2 (Dis)Advantages of a Transnational approach
Adv: 1. Local response/global integration 2. Resource sharing Dis: 1. Hard to implement 2. Costly to implement
7 ways to enter foreign markets
- Exporting
- Franchising
- Contract manufacturing
- Licensing
- Foreign branch
- Joint Venture
- Foreign subsidiary
What is an industry mindset?
Perceptions, expectations, and assumptions about the industry
What percentage of business launches are BOSs? And how much revenue do they account for?
14%, 61%
What are the 3 characteristics of a good BOS?
- Focus
- Divergence
- Compelling tagline
What are the 4 actions in the 4 action framework?
RECR
- Reduce
- Eliminate
- Create
- Raise
What are the 4 steps in the sequence to a successful BOS?
- Buyer utility (does it matter?
- Price (accessible to market?
- Cost (Can you profit?
- Adoption (can you address adoption hurdles?
What are 6 principles of BOSs?
- Reconstruct market boundaries
- Focus on the big picture
- Reach beyond existing demand
- Get strat sequence right
- Overcome org hurdles
- Build execution into strat
What are Porter’s 4 generic strategies?
- Cost leadership
- Cost focus
- Differentiation
- Differentiation focus
Who sets prices in an organization (for the most part)
Marketing
7 drivers of cost advantage
- EOS
- EOLearning
- Production techniques
- Product design
- Input costs
- Capability utilization
- Residual efficiency
What are the 6 common types of KSFs?
STOMMD Skills (design) Tech (better) Other (patents) Marketing (wide product line) Manufacturing (EOS) Distribution (suppliers)
7 factors for profitability
- Macro-environment
- Competitive forces
- Complements
- Driving forces
- Market position
- Competitive interactions
- Strategy - > KSFs
4 factors to build a customer profile
- Geographic
- Demographic
- Psychographic
- Buyer behaviour
What are three factors that play into predicting a competitors reaction?
- Will they react?
- What options do they have?
- Which option will they choose?
What are the 5 elements of a game in game theory?
PARTS Players Added values Rules Tactics Scope
What is the difference between a dominant design and technical standards?
DD: Features that become a standard. Not always profited from (Betamax vs. VHS)
TS: Introduced. More formal and accepted by others (USB)
3 main purposes of SGMs
- ID rivals
- ID attractive positions
- Gauge entry