final review

Question 1

Franz liszt

Answer 1

his performing: 1811-1886
Career: one of the worlds greatest pianists. wrote 12 symphonic poems based on greek myths and shaksepeare plays
Compositional style: Symphonic form, freedom form, large dynamic ranges Many changes in tempo

Question 2

Miles Davis

Answer 2

Phases of his career:Together with his musical groups was at the forefront of several major developments in jazz music, including bebop, cool jazz, modal jazz, post-bop, and jazz fusion
important recordings: So what (1959)
Second phase (1964
Joshua "1964"
Tony williams on freedom jazz dance
Agitation- Stockholm 1963
Electric miles 1968-1975
Bitches brew-Tanglewood 1970
burn-1989

Question 3

BeBop

Answer 3

statistic traits:Virtuosic! Bebop vocabulary is typically rapid, with many notes.
•  The tempo of most bebop tunes is usually quick, giving the improviser a chance to
show off their technique.
•  The two primary innovators of the bebop language are
Charlie Parker and Dizzy
Gillespie.
•  This style was a huge break from the early jazz tradi(ons set forth by Louis Armstrong.
innovations: Became extremely popular by the end of the 1940s.
•  Many (most) jazz musicians were ajemp(ng to emulate the bebop style – some needing years off of touring in
order to master this new language.
•  Some jazz musicians even reCred because bebop was just too difficult.
•  By the end of the 1940s hundreds of musicians were performing and recording in the bebop style.

Question 4

Schoenberg

Answer 4

born in vienna in 1874 began career conducting an amateur choir. early works were met with hostility and derision by critics and the public. one of the most controversial composers of the 20th century

Question 5

Expressionism

Answer 5

A style of music of the mid 20th century characterized by hyper-espression, abandonment of tonal characters, extreme ranges used in melodic structures, forceful accents, and abrupt dynamic changes.

Question 6

Mendelssohn

Answer 6

wrote his incidental music for Shakespeare’s a midsummer’s nights dream.

Question 7

Symphonic poem

Answer 7

developed in the 1840’s by franz liszt uses large dynamic ranges, and many changes in tempo. traits of romantic era music lead to develop new styles such as impressionism. renemaed tone poem at the end of the romantic era

Question 8

1812 Overature

Answer 8

Tchaikovsky, for the 1882 Moscow exhibition prominently features trumpet. premiered on august 20, 1882

Question 9

Sprach zarathustra

Answer 9

used in 2001: a space odyssey. written by richard strauss. best known and most often heard of his works today.

Question 10

Incidental music

Answer 10

written to precede or accompany a theatrical or literary performance. Secondary in importance to the play
Example: music for a midsummers nights dream by mendelssohn

Question 11

Louis Armstrong

Answer 11

his life:1901 – 1971
•  Popularized the trumpet, early jazz, and eventually served as cultural and goodwill ambassador to the United States.
•  His career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in jazz.
•  Armstrong was one of the first truly popular African-American entertainers to “cross over”, whose skin color was secondary to his music in an America that
was extremely racially divided.
•  He rarely publicly poli)cized his race, ocen to the dismay of fellow African-Americans
Music:

Question 12

Early Jazz

Answer 12

Early Jazz” – commonly referred to as Dixie Land
music, this term is used to describe the music being performed in New Orleans in the early 20th-century.
•  The most prominent musician of this era was trumpeter Louis Armstrong.
•  His band The Hot Fives and Sevens was (and has been) the most celebrated group from this era.

Question 13

Alapgat

Answer 13

It’s performers: Anoushka Shankar
Origins: North India
This music is typically divided up into two secDons: the alap
and the gat.
•  Alap – Opening secDon performed on sitar. SomeDmes starts with
cascading chordal material. Unmetered, improvised, and no accompaniment, except for the drone.
•  Gat – when the tabla(percussion) joins and
rhythmic elements begin to make themselves present.

Question 14

Jazz

Answer 14

The origin of the music: 1619 – First Africans are sold into slavery in
America.
•  1817 – Congo Square in New Orleans is designated as an official site for slave music and
dance.
•  1895 – ScoY Joplin published his first two rags (early jazz).
•  1899 – Duke Ellington is born.

Question 15

The sorcerers apprentice

Answer 15

Composer:Paul Dukas 1897
Idiom: contIains a swirl motif, first theme, the second theme and fanfare
Tone poem form.

Question 16

sitar

Answer 16

A plucked string instrument used in performance of Indian classical music.
•  Used widely throughout the Indian subconDnent, the sitar became popularly known in
the wider world through the works of Ravi Shankar, beginning in the late 1950s and early 1960s.
•  This instrument found its way into select recordings by the
Rolling Stones, and the Beatles.

Question 17

Congo square

Answer 17

Where it is:1817 – Congo Square in New Orleans
dance.
What it is:designated as an official site for slave music and dance
What happened there:
Thought by many as being the birthplace of the music and culture of New Orleans.
•  Besides the music and dancing, Congo Square also provided enslaved blacks with a place in which they
could express themselves spiritually. This brief religious freedom on Sundays resulted in the prac)ce of voodoo ceremonies.
•  Many of the characteris)cs of the music that was made in this place
later evolved into what is currently known as “jazz music.”

Question 18

Tony Williams ( From miles davis quintet)

Answer 18

Drummer, known as “the prophet”

Question 19

Minimalism

Answer 19

Based on the repetition of melodic, harmonic, and/or, rhythmic motifs with little or no variation.

Question 20

impressionism

Answer 20

An artistic movement in visual art in the late 19th century that spread to music which turns away from the traditional major/minor tonal system and regular rhythms of western music.

Question 21

Sprechstimme

Answer 21

a vocal delivery that is sort of a mixture of singing and speaking