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Bio A (Mr. Howard) > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Variable that is directly affected by the independent variable

A

Dependent variable

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2
Q

The things you keep the same in an experiment

A

Control

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3
Q

What are the SIX unifying principals of Biology?

A
  • Evolution
  • Homeostasis
  • Energy/matter and organization
  • Development
  • Continuity
  • Ecology
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4
Q

A tentative, but logical prediction based on observations

A

Hypothesis

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5
Q

A comprehensive explanation of a set of natural phehomena supported by vast amounts of evidence from multiple sources

A

Theory

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6
Q

Describes how nature will behave under certain circumstances

A

Law

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7
Q

Science is empirical, meaning in order for something to be considered science it musr be able to be…..

A

Observable and experimental

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8
Q

Thinking ans learning, creativity, five senses, memory and emotion, problem solving, and descisions

A

Cerebrum

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9
Q

Receives messanges from mosr of the muscles in your body and communicates with the other parts of the brain

A

Cerebellum

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10
Q

Bundle of nerves that careies messanges between rhe brain and the rest of the body

A

Spinal cord

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11
Q

Heartbeat, breathing, digestion, swallowing, and blinking

A

Brain stem

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12
Q

The inherent inclination of a living organism towards a parricular complex behavior

A

Innate behavior

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13
Q

Fossils correspond with movements of continents

A

Biogeography

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14
Q

All limbs built in same basic structure

A

Comparative anatony ans homologus structures

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15
Q

Organs that were once useful and no longer are will eventually disappear or evolve out of the gene pool

A

Vestigal organs

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16
Q

Similar start for everyone, more in common the farther back you look

A

Embryological Development

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17
Q

Used to trace history of organism to ancestor (DNA)

A

Similarity in Macromolecules

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18
Q

Variable that can be controlled by the experimenter

A

Independent variable

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19
Q

Variable fitness among individuals of the same species leads to the change toward a more adapted population

A

Survival of the fitness

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20
Q

Structures, in different species, inherited from common ancestor

A

Homologous structures

21
Q

Behavioral or physical characteristics that increases the organisms ability to survive and reproduce

A

Adaptations

22
Q

Selective breeding done by humans to breed for desired traits

A

Artificial selection

23
Q

More offspring produced than are able to survive

A

Overpopulation

24
Q

The members of a population fighting for limited (finite) resources

A

Competition

25
Q

Individuals that are best adapted to the environment will survive and reproduce

A

Natural seletion

26
Q

Orgnisms that are able to reproduce and have fertile offspring

A

Species

27
Q

Without the existence of these DNA differences, evolution will not take place

A

Genetic variations

28
Q

Structures that have decreased in size overtime because it has little or no apparent function

A

Vestigial structures

29
Q

Outer boundary of the cell

A

Cell membrane

30
Q

Jelly-like fluid interior of the cell

A

Cytoplasm

31
Q

The “control center” of the cell, contains the cells DNA

A

Nucleus

32
Q

Energy center or “powerhouse” of the cell. Turns food into useable energy (ATP)

A

Mitochondria

33
Q

Uses sunlight to create food

A

Chloroplast

34
Q

a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane.

A

Osmosis

35
Q

the net passive movement of particles (atoms, ions or molecules) from a region in which they are in higher concentration to regions of lower concentration

A

Diffusion

36
Q

process of spontaneous passive transport (as opposed to active transport) of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.

A

Facilitated diffusion

37
Q

movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane in the direction opposite that of diffusion, that is, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration.

A

Active transport

38
Q

Does not require energy

A

Passive transport

39
Q

process by which a cell transports secretory products through the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane

A

Exocytosis

40
Q

used by all cells because most chemical substances important to them are large polar molecules that cannot pass through the hydrophobic plasma or cell membrane by passive means

A

Endocytosis

41
Q

any solution that has a lower osmotic pressure than another solution

A

Hypotonic

42
Q

one with a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside the cell

A

Hypertonic

43
Q

Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane

A

Isotonic

44
Q

Change in living systems

A

Evolution

45
Q

Maintaining dynamix equilibruim in living systems

A

Homeostasis

46
Q

Relationships in living systems

A

Energy, matter, and organization

47
Q

Reproduction and inheritance in living systems

A

Continuity

48
Q

Growth and differentiation in living systems

A

Development

49
Q

Interaction and interdependence in living systems

A

Ecology

Bio A (Mr. Howard) (8 decks)

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