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Surgery Shelf Review > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

0
Q

Rigler’s triad

A

Pneomobilia, sbo, radio lucena gallstone. For gallstone ileus.

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1
Q

Colon cancer X-ray sign

A

Apple-core lesion

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2
Q

Acral lentiginous

A

Melanoma on Palm and soles

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3
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

1-3 d after last drink. Usually >48hr postoperative, fever, ms changes, diastolic htn, tachy, tremors, hallucinations,. Tx: serax, ativan

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4
Q

Cardiac analysis

A

Echo if valve concern. Stress cath if coronary concern

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5
Q

Deep Peroneal nerve damage

A

Anti or compartment. Foot drop. Numb dorsum of foot 1st and 2nd toes

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6
Q

Pcwp

A

High in chf, low or nl in ards

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7
Q

Ards criteria

A

Bilatwl infiltrates, Pcwp<200

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8
Q

5d post mi and decompensate

A

Papillary m rupture /MR. Vsd: new harsh loud holo systolic murmur, lv rupture

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9
Q

Coarctation has

A

Variable bp/pulses, rib notching, associate with turners

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10
Q

AbI

A

<.5 ulcer

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11
Q

Thoracic duct injury

A

Milky chylous effusion

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12
Q

Zenker’s

A

Regurgitation smelly breath. Ugi/swallow. Cut he cricopharyngeus. Diverticulum of the mucosa of pharynx just above cricopharyngeus muscle. Excessive pressure of lower pharynx. Dysphasia, regurgitate, cough , halitosis, infection

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13
Q

Pancreatic cancer

A

Painless jaundice, periumbili cal nodule, distended palpable gallbladder, left supracalvicular lad,

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14
Q

Pyloric stenosis tx

A

Pyloromyotomy

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15
Q

Intussusception

A

Kid- idiopathic, most common cause of intestinal obstruction. Knee to chest, currant jelly- stool and blood and mucus. Vomiting, lethargy, lump in abdomen. Tx and do with enema- air or gastrograf fin. Adult- tumor, so unspecific. Ab pain, constipation, many ask. Tx is surgery

16
Q

Indications for dialysis

A

A: acidosis,mph<7.2. E: electrolytes: k with ekg changes. Temproize with ca, d50, insulin, bicarbonate, kayexalat
I: ingestions, salicylate a and ethylene glycol to prevent renal failure
O: overload in volume causing pulmonary edema
U: uremia: confusion, pericarditis, seizures, platelet dysfunction with severe bleeding

17
Q

Blood in urine

A

Pain is a stone. No pain is cancer of renal, bladder or prostate

18
Q

Renal transplant medications

A

Azathioprine, mycophenylate, I mural, cellcept: inhibit purine synthesis and T cells
Cyclosporine, prograf: inhibit genies for cytokines synthesis

19
Q

High calcium

A

>

  1. Moans groans stones, and psychiatric overtones. Short qt. Dix hyperparathoyroidism, adenoma, hyperplasia, sarcoidosis, carcinoma
20
Q

Low calcium

A

Trousseau/chvostek’s cheek sign. Long qt. can be caused by multiple units of blood transfusion need plt/ffp. Persistent hypotension

21
Q

Hyper kalmia

A

5.5 wide qrs/ peak t. Deadly. C big drop - ca/bicarbonate / insulin and glu/ kayexalate/ hd/ lasix and fluid

22
Q

Low potassium

A

Flat t long at

23
Q

Insulinoma

A

Fasting sugar is less than 30 with high normal insulin l vl

24
Q

dI

A

Low adh. Pee water. Polyurethane. High blood na. Brain hurt. Nephrogenic versus central - trauma, neurosurgery

25
Q

Siadh

A

High adh. Hold water, low blood na. Can have brain pain. Causes are cancer sclc or cns disorder

26
Q

Men1

A

Parathyroid hyperplasia. Pituitary- prolactinoma. Pancras- islet cell tumor and mc gastrinoma

27
Q

Men2a

A

Pheo- treat first. Medullary cancer - thyroid, check calcitonin. Pth hyperplasia

28
Q

Men2b

A

Pheo- treat first. Medullary cancer thyroid. Mucosal neuromas, marfans habitus.

29
Q

Men genes

A

I is menin gene. II is ret protooncogene

30
Q

Coumadin

A

Factors 2,7,9,10. Protein c and s, rversal with vit k is 6 hr. Ffp is immediate. Check pt/ inr

31
Q

Heparin

A

Binds atiii. If for tx. Subs for prophylaxis. Check ptt. Hit ( prothrombotic, tx argatroban or lepriudin)

32
Q

Splenic vein thrombosis

A

Sp pancreatitis. Gsdtroesophsgeal varies with nl liver. Treat with splenectomy

33
Q

Accessory spleen

A

Absence of Howell jolly bodies s/p splenectomy. Need spleen scan. Most common location is splenic hilum

34
Q

Post splenectomy sepsis. Opss

A

S. Pneumo- prophylaxis- penicillin, treat with vanco/cefepime, n meningitis , h influenza

35
Q

Cmv

A

Hiv and bloody diarrhea.

36
Q

Gram positive

A

Pairs is strep. Clusters is staph

37
Q

Amoxicillin

A

Artificial heart valve prophylaxis

Surgery Shelf Review (1 decks)

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