Final review Flashcards
Posterior
Back
Anterior
Front
Midline
Line drawn vertically through body
Medial
Closer to midline
Lateral
Away from midline
Proxal
Closer to trunk
Distal
Away from trunk
Superior
Closer to head
Inferior
Closer to feet
What happens when the diaphragm contracts?
It brings air into the lungs
The right atrium….
Receives blood from the veins in the body
The left atrium…
Receives blood from the lungs.
The right ventricle…
Pumps blood to the lungs.
The left ventricle…
Pumps blood throughout body. Most muscular chamber.
Where is the radial artery?
The wrist.
Where is the carotid artery?
The neck.
How many bones does the spine have?
33
Smooth muscle?
Involuntary muscle, will unconsciously move.
What does the liver produce?
Bile, bile breaks down fat.
What does the gallbladder do?
Stores bile.
Pancreas…
Are where insulin is produced.
Liver and spleen….
Solid organs. Bleed when injured.
Appendix and gallbladder…
Hollow organs. Prone to infection.
Kidneys..
Filter blood to form urine.
What does SAMPLE stand for?
S- signs/symptoms A-Allergies M-medication P-pertinent past history L-last oral intake E-events associated w/or leading to situation.
Angina Pectoris
Heart pain
What are the 4 primary routes of poisoning?
- Ingestion
- Inhalation
- Injection
- Absorption
4 most common snakes?
Rattlesnakes
Copperheads
Cottonmouth
Coral
Lightning?
Equals CPR
Department of Transportation
National standard of education.
Patients assessment is all except..
Family history
HIV
Direct contact with infected blood.
Hep B
Direct contact with blood.
TB
Spread through air.
Tendons a
Attach muscle to bone.
Ligaments
Attach bone to bone.
Patient assessment
Scene size up Primary assessment History taking secondary assessment Reassessment.
Are snake bits fatal?
Snake bites are rarely fatal.
What is osteoporosis?
Abnormal brittleness of the bones in elderly people by loss of calcium; affects bone structure easily.
Insulin Shock
Condition the occurs in a diabetic who has taken too much insulin or has not eaten enough food.
What is the initial treatment for heatstroke?
Remove clothes, ABCs, cool body ASAP, rapid transport.
Another name for a stroke?
Cerebral Vascular Accident.
Signs and symptoms of a stroke
Worst headache Unable to speak (Aphasia) Seizures Facial droop Hemiparalysis
What are the signs and symptoms of Insulin Shock?
May appear drunk Pale moist skin Dizzy Headache Unconscious
What is diabetic coma?
A state of unconsciousness when the body has too much glucose and not enough insulin.
Signs and symptoms of diabetic coma
WARM DRY SKIN
May appear to have cold/flu
Rapid pulse
Deep, rapid breathing.
The spine in descending order
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrum Coccyx 33
Why is the EMS system considered a component of public health?
It is offered to everyone.
How do you treat a patient that is siezing?
Remove objects from area
Put something under head.
When the diaphragm contracts it..
Brings air into the lungs.
Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart
Veins
Carry blood back to the heart
Capillaries
Smallest vessel, where O2 and CO2 are exchanged.
The shoulder girdle
Composed if the scapula, humerus, and collar bone.
Upper extremity
Radius, ulna,
What is the digestive system responsible for?
Breaking down food.
What separates the abdomen from the chest?
Diaphragm.
What is flail chest?
A chest injury where 3-4 ribs are broken in 2 or more places, resulting in the chest moving as a free floating agent.
What is Atherosclorosis?
A disease characterized by a thickening and destruction if the arterial walls and caused by fatty deposits within them.
What is a sign?
A condition you observe, such as bleeding or temp of the skin.
What is a symptom?
Something the patient tells you they are experiencing.
Signs of death
Decapitation
Rigor Mortis
Tissue decomposition
Dependent Lividity
What is a major sign of Congestive Heart Failure?
Difficulty breathing
Most important concept in patient care.
Cause no more harm
Mechanisms of Injury
Direct force
Indirect force
Twisting force
What is the highest chance if transmitting disease?
A cough
What is anaphylactic shock?
Caused by an extreme allergic reaction to a foreign substance.
What are the signs of Anaphalytic shock?
Rash Sneezing Wheezing Blue lips Low pulse
What is the classic sigh of croop?
A loud, harsh cough.
What is a common cause of dementia?
Alzheimer’s
How to you put a patient in a back board?
Log roll
Epiglottitis
Severe inflammation and swelling if the epiglottis
Which artery is at the groin?
Femoral
Decompression sickness
A condition in which gas, especially nitrogen, forms bubbles in blood vessels, obstructing them.
When is limb injury life threatening?
Severe hemorrhage/ excessive bleeding.
What is a good landing zone size for a helicopter?
100x100
What is a advanced directive?
A legal document that indicates what a person wants done if they cannot make there own medical decisions.
Seizures in children are most commonly caused by…
High temperatures.
What is the main cause of vomiting and diarrhea in children?
Gastrointestinal infections.
The components of Pediatric Assessment Triangle(PAT) are?
1 child’s overall appearance
2 the work of breathing
3 circulation of the skin
What does cerebral spinal fluid do?
It cushions the brain from direct blows.
