Final Review Flashcards
What role does the dental assistant have with the medically and physically compromised patient?
Aid the dentist in treatment, provide a source of information to the patient and family, make the patient more comfortable, and reduce anxiety.
What is the fastest growing segment of the population?
Older people are the fastest growing segment of the population.
In what category would you assess a patient that has experienced a stroke and is wheel chair bound?
A patient who has experienced a stroke and is wheel chair bound would be category III.
What is xerostomia?
Xerostomia results from certain disorders and medications and causes a decreased flow of saliva or a dry mouth.
What are the four oral health conditions that affect the aging population?
Xerostomia, periodontal disease, tooth decay, dark and brittle teeth, bone resorption
What is dementia?
Dementia is a mental disorder characterized by the loss of memory, concentration and judgement.
What adverse effects can occur as the result of taking Dilantin?
Adverse effects of taking Dilantin include increased bleeding tendencies, drowsieness, lack of coordination, drug induced gingival overgrowth & xerostomia
What is another term for cerebrovascular accident?
Stroke
What are 2 examples of neurologic disorders??
Alzheimer’s disease, seizures, multiple sclerosis, stroke
What is the leading cause of death of men over 40 and women over 65 in the US?
Heart disease
Is epinephrine recommended for use in patients with heart dieases?
Epinephrine and other vasoconstrictors can be administered, within limits, to patients with mild to moderate cardiovascular disease.
What organs of the body do pulmonary disorders affect?
Pulmonary disorders affect the lungs.
What does the abbreviation COPD stand for?
COPD stands for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
What disorder is associated with an overactive thyroid gland?
Graves’ disease is associated with an overactive thyroid gland.
A person with deficiency in the oxygen-carrying component of blood is said to have ______.
anemia
A term for wasting away or deterioration is ______.
atrophy
A (n) ___________ is a sudden episode, spasm, or convulsion that occurs in specific disorders.
Seizure
The presence of bacteria in the blood is termed _______.
Bacteremia
______ is a term for the loss of saliva production that causes a dry mouth.
Xerostomia
____ is a severe pain in the chest that results from an insufficient supply of a blood to the heart.
Angina
____ is a neurological disorder that includes sudden recurring seizures of motor, sensory, or psychological function.
Epiliepsy
______ is a disorder in which progressive mental deterioration occurs in middle to old age.
Alzheimers
A blood coagulation disorder in which the blood fails to clot normally is _______.
hemophilia
____ is a chronic disorder in which the inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes occurs.
Bronchitis
A condition that results from excessive activity of the thyroid gland is ____.
Hyperthyroidism
A disease of the bone marrow in which an abnormal development of white blood cells occurs is _____.
Leukemia
Inflammation, pain, and swelling of the joints are symptoms of ____.
Arthritis
_____ is a chronic respirartory disease that is often associated with allergies and is characterized by sudden recurring attacks of labored breathing, chest constriction and coughing.
Asthma
_____ is a condition that results from severe thyroid insufficiency.
Hypothyroidism
A sudden loss of brain function caused by a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel to the brain is a ____.
Stroke
____ is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by having high blood glucose and insufficient insulin.
diabetes
What characteristic might fit a frail older adult?
Beginning to have multiple health problems
What oral health conditions affect the aging population?
Periodontal disease
root caries
bone resorption
Dementia is a condition of ____.
Deteriortation of mental capacity
What common oral adverse effect results from taking Dilantin?
Xerostomia
What body system would be affected if a patient has an overactive thyroid gland
Endocrine
A patient with type 1 diabetes is classified as
insulin dependent
What is the psychological disorder in which a patient experiences alternating prolonged episodes of extreme elation followed by depression?
Bipolar disorder
Which developmental disorder causes difficulties with social interaction, communication, and repetive behaviours?
Autism
What category best describes a modification of care made by the dental team for a patient requireing scheduling changes or shorter appointments?
Category II
Common oral findings for an individual with down
syndrome include:
Open bite, protruding tongue and mouth breathing
Slanted eyes & borad nose
Cerebral Palsy is characterized by:
lack of coordination
This type of seizure involves little movement and
typically lasts no longer than 30 seconds:
Petit Mal Seizure
What records do you need to take for a 1st orthodontic appointment?
- Extra-oral photos
- Addition to intra oral photos
- Diagnostic casts of teeth
- Radiographs (Cephalometic & Panoramic)
What record allows the doctor to see particular growth patters in a patient?
Cephalometic x-ray
After case presentation for orthodontics, what 2 forms will the patient need to sign?
- informed consent
- financial contract
List the sequence of appointments and procedures for Brace Application appointment.
- Separators will be placed first
- Molar bands will be cemented
- Brackets will be bonded
- Arch wire is placed and tied in with ligature ties or elastomeric ties
In order to monitor teeth movement, what type of ortho appointment will be scheduled?
Adjustsment visits
What oral hygiene and dietary instructions are provided for a new orthodontic patient?
Show charters method of brushing, introduce super flose to help with daily fossing, stress importance of oral hygiene to eliminate: hypocalcification and periodontal disease
Other aids may be recommended such as end tuft brush, floss threader
Avoid sugar (sugar coated cereal, soda, sticky (caramel), hard (ice, frozen candy, jaw breakers),, husk (peanuts, popcorn) foods and eliminate chewing gum
After the orthodontist is satisied with the treatment, what appointment will be set up for Jasmin?
Braces removal appointment
In order to maintain teeth on desired alignment, what type of ortho appointment will be scheduled?
Teeth retension appointment where below retainers may be recommended.
Howley retainer
Orthodontic positioner
Lingual Retainer
According to Dental Assisting Scope of Practice (CADA, 2019) what type of activities you are able to perform without the orthodontic module?
-Extra-oral photos
-Addition to intra oral photos
-Diagnostic casts of teeth
-Radiographs (Cephalometric, Panoramic)
-Present informed consent and financial contract
-Operatory and instruments set up and transfer
-Provide oral hygiene and dietary instructions
What could be a genetic cause of malocclusion?
parent with a small jaw
How many photographs are typically taken in the diagnostic records appointment?
Five
If a person occludes and the mandibular anterior teeth are not visible, the diagnosis is?
Overbite
A ________ is a removable appliance used during the final stage of orthodontic treatment to retain teeth in their desired position.
Positioner
What is another term for class III occlusion?
Mesioclusion
The ______ grasp onto the arch wire in the treatment of excessive crowding
Ligature wire
Orthodontic bands with buccal tubes are seated on which teeth?
Molars
What can be used to secure the arch wire to the bracket
Ligature ties
This orthodontic instrument is used to help position a molar band for fixed appliance
Bite stick/band seater
What is a type of appliance that may be used when a patient’s teeth appear large but their mouth is narrow. What type of appliance may be recommended in the future?
Palatal expander
Name 3 oral health conditions geriatric patients may experience
patients may experience.. xerostomia, periodontal disease, root caries, brittle and yellowing teeth, bone resorption
Down syndrome patients often present with a prognathic mandible. True or False?
True
What are the four categories of abuse?
physical, emotional, sexual and neglect
What category of treatment would this patient be placed in according to the MDA?
This patient will require significant modifications in the delivery of dental care including equipment and use of the surgical suite.
Category 4
Oral sedation can be in the form of a liquid. True or False?
True
A key policy indicator in Dental Public Health is:
Goals or objectives used to measure the success of a program
Prevalence of a disease is:
The total number of cases existing at any one time
Epidemiology is the study of:
How and why a health problem occurs in a population
There are no agencies in calgary that provide accessible dental public health services. True or False?
False
List three types of diagnostic records the dental assistant may obtain for the orthodontist to make an accurate diagnosis.
Photographs
Diagnostic Casts
Radiographs
What class of orthodontic treatment is full banding - corrective?
Preventive
What class of orthodontic treatment is palatal expansion device?
interceptive
Name the type of traction device which fits around the patient’s neck and is used to move maxillary first molars distally.
Cervical
Name the bone resorbing cells which will remove the cells from the bone on the alveolar side of the periodontal membrane during orthodontic movement.
Osteoclasts
Name the type of orthodontic appliance which uses the patient’s muscle action to achieve required movement.
Functional
Can an RDA just graduated from the SAIT Dental Assisting Program remove banding cement or adhesive?
NO
What material is used to open tight interproximal contacts to properly fit bands?
Separating elastics
What is the most commonly-used removeable retainer in orthodontics?
Hawley
The step of the endodontic procedure where the pulp chamber is opened so that infectious material may escape is called __________________________
Open and drain
The step of the endodontic procedure where the pulp canals are cleaned, shaped and bacteria are eliminated with chemical agents is called ___________________________________________.
Debridement
The step of the endodontic procedure where the pulp canals are filled with gutta percha and pulp canal sealer is called __________________________.
Obturation
Order of Orthodontic Appointments?
1 - Placement of Separators
#2 - Braces appointment
#3 - Adjustment: checks appointment set on schedule 1-3-6 month intervals
#4 - Removal of fixed appliance (treatment completed)
#5 - Retention - delivery of positioner
Characteristics & Function of a Band Pusher
-single or double ended
-to push orthodontic bands into place during try-in and cementing phases
Characteristics & Function of a Band seater/bite stick
-single ended square tip or triangular tip
-to assist seating or placing of orthodontic bands for try-in or cementing phase
Characteristics & Function of a Band remover
Two beak types: Round cover to protect tooth upon removal / Curved - placed on gingival side to apply pressure and remove band
To remove orthodontic bands from teeth
Characteristics & Function of a Bracket remover
-Grasp bracket to remove it from tooth
-To remove anterior or posterior brackets from teeth
Characteristics & Function of Three-prong pliers
Range of sizes available
-To contour and bend light wire
Characteristics & Function of Bird Beak Pliers
-Versatile wire-bending pliers
-beaks on working end meet very precisely
-to bend and form orthodontic wire
-to remove bonded bracket by squeezing bracket
Characteristics & Function of Ligature/wire cutters
-Range of sizes available
-To cut ligature after it has been tied to arch wire
-To cut ligature tie to allow removal of arch wire
Characteristics & Function of Distal End-Cutting Pliers
-Catches and holds excess wire after it is cut
-Cuts distal end of the arch wire after placement
Characteristics & Function of Bracket Placement Pliers
- Range of sizes
-To hold and carry the brackets to be bonded on the teeth
Characteristics & Functions of Howe Pliers
-All purpose pliers for orthodontic procedures
-serrated tips for better grip on wire
-Straight or curved beaks
-to place and remove arch wires
-to check for loose bands
Characteristics & Function of a Orthodontic Hemostat
-Multifunctional instruments for orthodontic procedures
-Holds and places separators and/or ties ligatures to arch wire
Characteristics & Function of Weingart Utility Pliers
Working ends-tapered, slim tips to allow pliers to fit between brackets for ease of arch wire placement
-to place and remove arch wires
-aids in a variety of functions for ortho procedures.
-Removes bonded brackets by squeezing bracket
