Final Review Flashcards

1
Q
A

Rosso Fiorentino, Deposition from the Cross (1521) Florence

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2
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Pontormo, The Entombment or Deposition of Christ (1525-1528) Florence

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3
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Bronzino, Portrait of a Young Man (c. 1530-1545) Florence

Performance; Mask

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4
Q
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Parmigianino, Madonna with the Long Neck (1534-1540)

(Parma) Column refers to Virgin Mary

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5
Q
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Sofonisba Anguissola, Self Portrait (c.1556)

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6
Q

What were the results of the Council of Trent on the Catholic Church?

A
  1. Reinforced the authority of the Pope and bishops
  2. Reinforced the role of Sacraments
  3. Emphasized the veneration of saints and relics, and the Virgin Mary
  4. Reaffirmed the role of images as instruments of the Catholic faith. Revealed in the Decree on the Holy Images
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7
Q

Characteristics of Religious Images after the Counter-Reformation were:

A
  1. Clarity of Message
  2. Verisimilitude: their ability to make cridible the mysteries of the faith. (visions, miracles…)
  3. **Decorum: an image should not be disrespectful or untrue to the story. **
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8
Q
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El Greco, Martydom of Saint Maurice and the Theban Legion (1580-82) For the Escorial

Was rejected by King Phillip II for lack of Decorum. Not apropriate for Counter Reformation Ideals.

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9
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El Greco, Burial of the Count Orgaz (1586-88) Church in Toledo

More in tune with Counter Reformation Ideals

Represents the apparition of St. Augustine and St. Stephen during the burial of a 14th century Toledan nobleman

Emphasizes Catholic view on Good works as essential for salvation

Compare to Martydom…

Division of Earthly and Heavenly through Brushwork and Style

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10
Q

The term “Baroque” comes from:

A

the Portuguese word “barroco” which means an irregularly shaped pearl.

Refers to the 17th and most of the 18th century in Europe

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11
Q

Allegory:

A

The representation of an abstract idea through something we find in nature

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12
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Bernini, Saint Peter’s Piazza (1645-52) Rome

Combines Greek Cross paln of the Renaissance church with the early Christian Basilica

represented the symbolic seat of the Papacy

4 rows of columns= columnades

effect of embracing all that enterthe piazza, symbolizing the welcome the Roman Catholic Church gave its members during Counter Reformation

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13
Q
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Peter Paul Rubens, Allegory of War (1638)

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14
Q
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Bernini, Ecstasi of Saint Teresa (1645-52)

Saint Teresa of Avila; Discaled Carmelites

Represents Saint Teresa of Avila

great example of Baroque interest in psychology, extreme feelings, sense of infinite light and Bel Composto

Theatrical elements use of sculpture painting and architecture. also light

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15
Q
A

Diego Velazquez, Las Meninas (1656)

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16
Q

Carracci Academy:

A

Drawing Academy created by several members of the Caracci family in Bologna in 1582.

1st of its kind in Western Europe; combined study of classical and Renaissance traditions with anatomy and life drawing.

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17
Q
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Annibale Carracci, The Butcher’s Shop (1580)

Example of Carracci apprach to painting from life. mocking reference to Mannerist paintings’s artificially and departure from nature.

18
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Annibale Carracci, Loves of the Gods, (1597-1601) Farnese Gallery

Commissioned by Cardinal Farnese

possibly commemorates the marriage of the cardinal’s brother

decorates a room that was an art gallery.

Quadro Riportato: simulated easel paintings

Illusionism: awe, wonder

19
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Annibale Carracci, Assumption of the Virgin (1601) Private chapel in Rome

compare to Crucifixion of St. Peter by Caravaggio

20
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Caravaggio, Crucifixion of St. Peter, (1601) Rome

In same chapel as Assumption of the Virgin

21
Q

**Tenebrism: **

A

Dramatic usage of light

22
Q
A

Caravaggio, Bacchus (1597-98)

23
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Caravaggio, Calling of St. Mathew (1597-1601) Private chapel in Rome

24
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Caravaggio, Entombment (1603) Rome

Transubstantiation: the transformation of the Eucharistic bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ

25
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Caravaggio, Judith Beheading Holofernes (1599)

Exemplifies the limitations of a methof of ony copying from the model only.

26
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Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith Slaying Holofernes (1614-1620)

27
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Artemisia Gentileschi, Self Portrait as the Allegory of Painting (1630)

Pittura

28
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A

Stefano Maderno, St. Cecilia (1600) Church in Rome

First Baroque sculpture

Archaeology as counter reformation tool

29
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Bernini, Apollo and Daphne (1622-24) Galleria Borghese, Rome

Displayed in a room used as an art gallery

Showpiece for Bernini

Theme from Ovid’s Metamorphoses; Awe, Surprise, Wonder

30
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Bernini, David (Galleria Borghese, Rome) (1623-4)

31
Q
A

Diego Velazquez, The Waterseller of Seville (1618)

32
Q

Peter Paul Rubens is known for:

A

His allegories which infuse an extraordinary sense of dynamism and liveliness.

The magnificence and splendor of these allegories reinforced the authority and right to rule of the highborn.

art is a synthesis of Michelangelo, Titian, Carraci, and Caravaggio

33
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A

Peter Paul Rubens, The Raising of the Cross (1610-11)

Antwerp, Flanders/Belgium

Triptych, life model; acinet sculptures (Laocoon) created after oil sketch

34
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Peter Paul Rubens, The Presentation of Marie de’ Medici’s Portrait to Henri IV (1622-25) Henry I; Zues; Juno

France

35
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A

Frans Hals, Pendant Portraits of Married Couple (1650-52)

Pendants meant to be displayed next to each other

follows some of the typical conventions of portraiture

pale woman=works inside house

darker man= works outside

women at left of man lesser side.

Calvinist ideas of Marriage for love

lose brushwork

36
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A

Frans Hals, Double Marriage Portrait (1622)

Double Portrait: even more intimate, informal posesCalvinist ideas of marriage for love, landscape setting lose brushwork

civic and professional identity (group portraiture)

37
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Frans Hals, Archers of Saint Hadrian 1633

Militia company

enlivens the tradition of group portraiture through variety of postures showing movement and brushwork

38
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Rembrandt, The Return of the Prodigal Son 1665

religious work for pretestant audience, psychology, light creates mood; rough painting

39
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Clara Peeters, Still Life with Flowers, Goblet, Dried Fruits, and Pretzels (1611)

self reflection in goblet works as a signature and reveals pride in her profession as the ultimate craftsman

40
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A

Pieter Claesz, Vanitas Still Life 1630s

example of vanitas still life where material possessions is tamed by objects that remind us of the vanity of worldly goods.

references mortality and passing of time

41
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