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CMA > FINAL REVIEW > Flashcards

FINAL REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

Who determines the scope of practice of an MA?

A

The state

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2
Q

The two primary types of physcians

A

MD and DO

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3
Q

What is a MD, what can they do?

A

Treat patients through traditional means, diagnose illness, provide treatment, perform procedures, and write prescriptions

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4
Q

What us a DO, what can they do?

A

Treat patients through traditional means, use osteopathic manipulative therapy, to treat patients, diagnose illness, provide treatment, perform procedures, and write perscriptions

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5
Q

What is an endorsement?

A

State/territory granting a license to an application licensed or certification, or a signature agreeing

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6
Q

What is reciprocity?

A

Receiving license/certification from another state

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7
Q

What is a Patient Care Medical Home (PCMH)?

A

Providers/specialties work together for the patient. No specific illness treated.

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8
Q

Endocrinologist

A

Diagnosing and treating hormonal and glandular conditions. Often work with patients with diabetes.

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9
Q

Hepatologist

A

Diagnose and treat liver,biliary tree, gallbladder, and pancreas condition

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10
Q

Oncologist

A

Treats and provides patients with cancer

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11
Q

Otolaryngologist

A

Ear, nose, throat specialist

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12
Q

Schedule 1 substance

A

High potential of abuse, illegal, no medical use, no prescription.

Examples:
Heroin, hallucinogens, LSD, Marijuana(unless for cancer)

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13
Q

Schedule 2 substance

A

High potential abuse, legal, used for medical, can be prescribed

Examples:
Opium, Morphine, Fentanyl, Methadone, Cocaine, and Oxycodone

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14
Q

Schedule 3 substance

A

Some potential for abuse and currently accepted for medical uses. Low physical dependence. High psychological dependence

Examples:
Codeine, Ketamine, Anabolic Steroids, Opium or Morphine Mixtures

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15
Q

Schedule 4(IV) substance

A

Low potential for abuse/dependence. No more than 5 refills in a month

Example:
Diazephram, Zolpidem, Eszopicline, alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, and clonazepam.

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16
Q

Schedule 5(V) substance

A

Substance with very low potential for abuse and accepted in medical uses. Very limited physical or psychological dependence.

Example:
Codeine mixtures, epinephrine

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17
Q

Erikson’s Model: Trust vs Mistrust

A

1st stage, infant, trusting the world and parents

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18
Q

Erikson’s Model: Autonomy vs shame and doubt

A

2nd stage, toddlers, exercise independence

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19
Q

Erikson’s Model: Initiative vs Guilt

A

3rd stage, preschoolers, learn to start creating task, guilt for asserting themselves

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20
Q

Erikson’s Model: Industry vs Inferiority

A

4th stage, children, social norms

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21
Q

Erikson’s Model: Identity vs role confusion

A

5th stage, teens

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22
Q

Erikson’s Model: Intimacy vs confusion

A

6th stage, young adult(20) to early adults(40’s), close relationships

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23
Q

Erikson’s Model: Generativity vs stagnation

A

7th stage, middle age, want to find a purpose

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24
Q

Erikson’s Model: Ego integrity vs despair

A

8th stage, late adulthood, self acceptance of life or feeling of wasted life

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25
Q

Stages of grief

A

DABDA
Denial, acceptance, bargaining, depression, acceptance

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26
Q

Antiemetic

A

Medication for nausea and vomiting

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27
Q

Analgesic

A

Pain relievers

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28
Q

Antilipemics

A

Medication lower cholesterol

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29
Q

Anti-osteoporosis agents

A

Improve bone density

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30
Q

Antipyretic

A

Reduces fever

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31
Q

Nonparenteral routes

A

Oral, nasogastric, enteric, eye and ear, gastric, rectal, vaginal, skin

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32
Q

Parenteral routes

A

Intradermal, SubQ, Intramuscular, Intravenous

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33
Q

Intermuscular injection

A

90 degrees
20-23 gauge
1-3 needle length
Deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal
(for babies vastus lateralis)

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34
Q

Intradermal injection

A

5-15 degrees
25-27 gauge
1/4-1/2’’ needle length
Forearm,upper back, upper chest

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35
Q

SubQ injections

A

45 degrees
23-25 gauge
5/8 in’’ needle length
upper arm, abdominal, buttocks (fatty area)

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36
Q

Pharmocakentic

A

AADBIE
Administration, absorption, distribution, binding, inactivation, and excretion of a drug

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37
Q

Absorption

A

Medication goes to blood stream

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38
Q

Distribution

A

Medication go to site of action by the power of body fluid

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39
Q

Metabolism

A

Change active medication to metabodies

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40
Q

Excretion

A

Removal of medication from the body

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41
Q

9 rights of medication administration

A

right patient
right medication
right form
right dose
right route
right time
right technique
right education
right documentation

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42
Q

Demographic data about a patient should include…

A

Name, sex, address, insurance, birthday, sex, ssn, phone#

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43
Q

Social info of a patient should include…

A

Living environment, occupation, lifestyle choices

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44
Q

Correspondance data

A

Legal matter, insurance matter

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45
Q

How long are multidose vials good after opened

A

28 days

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46
Q

What can the clinical decision support system do?

A

Check for medication

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47
Q

E-prescribe

A

Providers use electronic software to submit prescriptions electronically

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48
Q

Computerized physician order entry (CPOE)

A

Allows providers to enter orders for lab test, diagnostic test, and medication into computer system

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49
Q

Remote patient monitoring (RPM)

A

Allows patient to perform testing at home and submit test results vis telehealth to providers

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50
Q

What does a medical scribe do?

A

Enter patient data into the EHR while provider examines and treats the patients

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51
Q

What does Center for Medicare and Medicaid service regulate?

A

Lab testing through CLIA

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52
Q

What does Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment do? (CLIA)?

A

Provides low complexity testing

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53
Q

Mitochondria

A

Power plant, generate ATP (energy) and cellular respiration

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54
Q

Ribosome

A

Proteins are assembled

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55
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Fluid inside the cell

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56
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center of the cell

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57
Q

Cilia

A

Hairlike structures that move substances on the surface

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58
Q

Centrioles function

A

Help in cell division and distribute chromosomes

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59
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Selective barrier that allows sufficient oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell

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60
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Transport materials throughout the cell

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61
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Flattened stacks that process, package, and deliver proteins, and lipids from the ER

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62
Q

Lysosomes

A

The digestive system of cell, hold enzymes that are used to break down molecules

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63
Q

Order of Draw

A

YBRGLG
Yellow
Blue
Red
Marble red
Green
Marble green
Lavender
Grey

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64
Q

Yellow tube

A

Body fluid culture or blood

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65
Q

Light blue tube

A

Coagulation test 3-4 inversions

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66
Q

Red tube

A

Serum test, chemistry study, blood bank, immunology 5 inversion

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67
Q

Red marble tube

A

Serum test, chemistry study, immunology 5 inversion

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68
Q

Green tube

A

Chemistry test, 8 inversion, prevents clotting

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69
Q

Green marble tube

A

Plasma determinations in chemistry studies 8 inversion

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70
Q

Lavender tube

A

Hematology test 8 inversion
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

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71
Q

Gray tube

A

Chemistry testing, glucose and alcohol level

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72
Q

Energy from fat is determined by multiplying calories by

A

9

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73
Q

Drug screen urine sample should be at what temp?

A

32-38 degrees celsius
90-100 degrees fahrenheit

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74
Q

Abbreviation for twice a day

A

BID

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75
Q

Abbreviation for nothing by mouth

A

NPO

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76
Q

Abbreviation for as needed

A

PRN

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77
Q

Abbreviation for before eating

A

AC

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78
Q

Abbreviation for every hour

A

QH

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79
Q

How to administer ear drops over the age of 3

A

Ear facing up, grab pinna then pull up and back

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80
Q

How to administer ear drops under the age of 3

A

Ear facing up, grab the earlobe then pull down and back

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81
Q

Hematology department is responsible for

A

Reviewing blood cell cunt, morphologic studies, and coagulation test

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82
Q

Chemistry department is responsible for

A

Analyzing chemicals found in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine

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83
Q

Microbiology department is responsible for

A

Studying very small infectious organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and yeast

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84
Q

Immunohematology department is responsible for

A

Blood typing

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85
Q

Bio Waste should not stay in a medical hospital for how many days?

A

30 days

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86
Q

Hemolyzed blood

A

Destruction cells

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87
Q

When trying to get the best vein for a venipuncture what should the assistant do?

A

Palpate the vein

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88
Q

How longs should you wait for a Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) test

A

5 minutes

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89
Q

Rheumatologist specializes in

A

Treating patients who have diseases of the joint, muscles, and bones

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90
Q

Papules

A

Solid elevations that are less than 0.5cm (0.2 in) in diameter, commonly caused by eczema

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91
Q

Macules

A

Flat areas of skin that are different color then normal skin (like freckles)

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92
Q

Vesicles

A

Small fluid-filled blisters. A common cause is herpal viral infection

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93
Q

Pustules

A

A pus filled blister

94
Q

Sterilization

A

Using chemical or physical substance (autoclave) to kill all microorganisms on the surface of an object

95
Q

Disinfection

A

Does not kill bacterial spores. Involves killing pathogens or rendering them inactive

96
Q

Sanitation

A

Reducing the microbial population to safe levels

97
Q

Cryoprobe is used for

A

Removing cancers from skin or warts using cold

98
Q

Endoscope is used for

A

Examine inside of an organ or body cavity

99
Q

What must a superbill contain

A

Patient name, date of service, provider, services provided, and diagnosis code

100
Q

Weber test

A

A vibrating tuning fork on the forehead to compare bone conduction in both ears.

In conductive hearing loss, it’s heard better in affected ear.

In sensorinueral hearing loss, is heard best in the unaffected ear

101
Q

Conductive hearing loss vs sensorineural loss

A

Conductive hearing: physical
Sensorineural: damage to the auditory nerve or hair cells of the inner ear.

102
Q

Rinne test

A

Test measuring hearing using bone conduction and air conduction

103
Q

Side effects

A

Predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at usual therapeutic drug dose

104
Q

Adverse effect

A

Unintended harmful action of medication such as an allergic reaction

105
Q

Contraindication

A

Symptom or condition makes a particular treatment or medication not advisable or even dangerous

106
Q

Indication

A

Problem or symptom the medication is recommended for

Example:
Indication: Pain
Medication: Antitussive

107
Q

4 parts of quadrupedal aim

A

Improve outcomes
Decrease cost
Improve satisfaction
Worker wellness

108
Q

6 primary nutrients

A

Water
Carbs
Protein
Fat
Minerals
Vitamins

109
Q

Warning signs of aneroxia

A

Self-starvation
Perfectionism
Excessive fear of weight gain
Amenorrhea (no period)
Excessive exercising

110
Q

3 checks of medication administration

A

-When taking medication from a container
-Taking medication from container to administer it
-When putting container back in storage or discarding it

111
Q

Planes of body

A

Sagittal
Transverse
Frontal

112
Q

Body cavities

A

Cranial
Spinal
Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic

113
Q

What is the bodies first defense against illness and injury

A

Skin

114
Q

Axial skeleton

A

80 bones
Skull
Vertebrae
Ribs

115
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

126 bones
Arms
Legs
Pelvic girdle

116
Q

4 components of muscular system

A

Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Tendons

117
Q

Monocytes function

A

White blood cells that destroy pathogens

118
Q

Functions of the skin

A

Protection
Temperature regulation
Excretion
Sensation
Vitamin D production

119
Q

Examples of longbones

A

Femur
Humerus
Tibia
Fibula
Ulna
Radius

120
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Prevents infection in the body

121
Q

Component of peripheral system

A

Peripheral nerves found throughout the body
(somatic and autonomic systems)

122
Q

Most common used combining vowel

A

“O”

123
Q

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

Stroke

124
Q

Patient Health Questionaire-2 (PHQ-2)

A

Focuses on patient’s depressed mood over 2 weeks

125
Q

Expected blood pressure range 15+

A

less tha 120/80

126
Q

Expected pulse range 12+

A

60-100 bpm

127
Q

Expected respiration for 12+

A

12-20 per minute

128
Q

Types of abnormal breathing

A

Wheezing, dyspnea, rales, hyperventilation, orthopnea, rhonchi

129
Q

Expected pulse oximetry reading

A

95% or higher

130
Q

What could influence an oral temperature reading

A

Drinking hot or cold liquids, chewing gum, or smoking prior

131
Q

Farenheit to celcius conversion

A

C=(F-32)/1.8

132
Q

Determining last menstrual period (LMP)

A

First day of the previous menstrual cycle

133
Q

Where to measure head circumference for peds patient

A

Widest area

134
Q

What could affect vital signs

A

Anxiety, smoking, age, pain, medications, exercise

135
Q

Dorsal recumbent

A

Laying down with “A” legs

136
Q

Lateral semi-prone recumbent

A

Side colonoscopy postion

137
Q

What is needed to calculate dosage

A

D: desired dose
H: supply on hand
Q: quantity of unit

138
Q

Emulsions

A

2 liquids that don’t combine
like water and oil

139
Q

Lozenges

A

Dissolve in mouth

140
Q

Amount of medication that can be administered ventrogluteal

A

3mL of medication

141
Q

Mayo stand position

A

slightly above waist
1-2 inches from the body

142
Q

Size of area around the sterile drape that’s nonsterile

A

at least 1 inch

143
Q

Amount of time non-absorbable sutures remain in for

A

Around 5-6 days

144
Q

Heat exhaustion signs and symptoms

A

Muscle cramping resulting in electrolyte imbalance
perspiration
pale and clamming skin

145
Q

Treatment for strains or sprains

A

Cold compress, anti inflammatory meds
bandage or brace

146
Q

Causes of shock

A

Trauma
Electrical injury
Insulin shock
Hemorrhage
Reaction to drugs

147
Q

4 times types of wounds

A

Abrasion
Incision
Laceration
Puncture

148
Q

Specific sign of imflamation

A

Warmth

149
Q

Treatment for chest pain in emergency

A

Nitroglycerin
Sublingual/spray

150
Q

Mode of transmission for pertussis

A

Direct contact with respiratory section droplets

151
Q

Examples of viruses

A

Rhinovirus (common cold)
Varicella (chicken pox)
HIV/AIDS
Hepatitis
Cornoavirus

152
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

Whooping cough

153
Q

Chain of infection cycle

A

Infectious agent
Reservoir/source
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry to host
Susceptible host

154
Q

Swollen lymph nodes could mean

A

Sign of infectious disease

155
Q

3 types of illness transmissions

A

Contact, droplet, ariborne

156
Q

Vaccine needed for employers

A

Hepatitis B

157
Q

Cheap and effective disinfection agent

A

1:10 bleach solution

158
Q

High level disinfection example

A

Cidex

159
Q

Information required on laboratory requisition

A

Demographic info
Ordering provider’s info
Requested test identified
Source of the specimen
Date and time
Diagnosis code

160
Q

Examples of point of care testing

A

Pregnancy testing
Rapid strep throat test
Urinalysis
Hemoglobin
Hematocrit

161
Q

Types of urine collections

A

Random
First morning
Clean-catch midstream
24 hours
Catheterization

162
Q

Food avoided for stool samples

A

Red meat/dyes, aspirin, Vitamin C, iron supplements

163
Q

Reference range for hemoglobin male and female

A

Male: 13.5-17.5 g/dL
Female: 12-16 g/gL

164
Q

Reference range for hematocrit male and female

A

Male: 41%-53%
Female: 36%-46%

165
Q

Reference range for fasting glucose

A

70-100 mg/dL

166
Q

Reference rage for total cholesterol

A

130-200 mg/dL

167
Q

Normal hearing level for adult

A

Below 25 decibels

168
Q

Patient preparation for spirometry testing

A

-No large meals 2 hours before
-No smoking 1 hour before
-Discontinue breathing therapies (inhalers, nebulizers) 6 hours before the test

169
Q

Typical size of vacutainer needles

A

20-22 gauge
3/4- 1 1/2’’ needle length

170
Q

Maximum amount of time to leave tourniquet on

A

1 minute

171
Q

Preferred puncture site for obtaining capillary puncture

A

Middle or ring finger (nondominant hand)
Underside of heel (infants)

172
Q

Amount of time a tube must stand upright before being centrifuged

A

30-45 minutes to allowed to blood to clot

173
Q

Main components of blood

A

Plasma
White cells
Red cells
Platelets

174
Q

Four types of blood specimens

A

Serum
Clotted
Plasma
Whole blood

175
Q

Bipolar leads

A

Leads I, II, III

176
Q

Unipolar leads

A

Leads AVL, AVR, AVF

177
Q

EKG standard height

A

10 mm high

178
Q

The American Cancer society recommends that screening starts at age…

A

40

179
Q

Suggested criteria for colorectal cancer

A

Recommended age 45
Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

180
Q

Suggested criteria for lung cancer screening

A

Recommended for adults age 50-80 years
with
20 pack-year smoking history

181
Q

One time screenings

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Hepatitis C
HIV

182
Q

Community resources

A

Transportation
Adult day programs
Assisted living
Long-term care
Educational programs
Low cost medication programs
Community health programs

183
Q

Resources for diabilities

A

-TASH
-National Disability Rights Network
-American Association on intellectual and developmental disabilities network
-The Arc

184
Q

Reportable communicable diseases

A

TB
E.Coli
Foodborne diseases
Lyme disease
Hep B, C, D, E
HIV
Gonococcal infections
Covid 19

185
Q

Approximate time required for an established patient appointment

A

15 minutes

186
Q

Approximate time required for a new patient appointment

A

60 minutes

187
Q

Required documents for patient review and signature

A

Demographics
Medical history
Organization’s Notice of Privacy Practices (NPP)
Patient’s Bill of Rights
Assignment of Benefits
EMR release forms

188
Q

Codes used that indicate the reason for visit

A

Diagnosis codes (ICD-10-CM)

189
Q

Codes used to identify medical procedure

A

Procedure codes (CPT)

190
Q

Example items covered in HCPCS

A

Medical supplies
Therapies
Transportation

191
Q

CMS

A

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)

192
Q

Assertive communication

A

Proper eye contact
Body language
Respectful volume of voice

193
Q

Five P’s of telephone etiquette

A

Polite
Prepared
to the Point
cooPerative

194
Q

Passive Communication

A

Not expressing feelings or needs; ignoring your own personal rights and allowing others to do so

195
Q

Exceptions to the privacy of medical records

A

Criminal act
Legal order
Communicable diseases
Mandated examinations

196
Q

Misdeamenors

A

Lesser crimes usually punishment of 1 year or less

197
Q

Mandatory reported information

A

Birth
Deaths
Certain communicable diseases
Assaults or criminal acts
Abuse
Neglect
Exploitation

198
Q

What type of consent is a venipuncture

A

Informed consent

199
Q

Orthostatic vital signs are measured for how long?

A

1 minute

200
Q

Medical record abstraction (MRA)

A

Manually searching through medical records to identify data required for secondary use

201
Q

Deficiency of B12 results in…

A

State of anemia and confusion

202
Q

The first thing when preparing a fax is…

A

Preparing a fax cover sheet

203
Q

Where does Mono come from

A

The epstein-barr virus

204
Q

Potassium reference range

A

3.1-5.1 mEq/L

205
Q

A stool sample must be plated between…

A

72 hours

206
Q

837/PCMS-1500 form

A

A paper bill that doctors use to ask for payment from insurance companies. Has details about the services they provide, like doctor visits or treatments, and helps them get paid for those services.

207
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

Patient loses a lot of fluid from body

208
Q

What burn degrees don’t hurt… and why?

A

3rd and 4th because it damages the nerves

209
Q

Suture needle gauge “0”s

A

More “0”s is smaller gage
Less “0”s is larger gauge

210
Q

Vial vs Ampule

A

Vial you use a needle
Ampule you break glass

211
Q

MAR

A

Medication administration record

212
Q

Oto vs Optho

A

Oto:ears
Optho:eyes

213
Q

ADA

A

Americans with disability act

214
Q

Betablocker

A

Decreased BP
Decreased heart rate

215
Q

Infant respiration

A

30-53

216
Q

1-2 year old respiration

A

22-37

217
Q

3-5 year old respiration

A

20-28

218
Q

6-15 year old respiration

A

18-25

219
Q

If the wrong BP cuff is used, it can be impacted up to

A

6.9 mmhg

220
Q

Height calculation

A

Divide by 12
Example: 62cm/12=5.16
5.16=5.2
5.2=5’2

221
Q

BMI calculation from kg

A

weight (kg) / (height (m))^2

222
Q

BMI calculation from lb

A

(weight in lb / (height in in)^2) * 703

223
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign body

224
Q

Adlib

A

As desired

225
Q

PO

A

by mouth

226
Q

What should you limit with kidney disease?

A

Diet
Salt/sodium
Protein
Fat
Cholesterol
Phosphorus
Potassium

227
Q

PDR

A

Provider reference book

228
Q

When were CMAs recognized by the states

A

1956

229
Q

When were CMAs recognized by the board of education?

A

1956

230
Q

HMO (Health maitence organization)

A

Membership for your health.

231
Q

PPO

A

A flexible pass to visit different doctors and hospitals.

CMA (1 decks)

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