final review Flashcards
general will
studies common interest, tends to the public good: sectional associations are formed at the expense of larger association
will of all
studies private interest
model of individual choice
- alternatives to consider
- ranking of alternatives
- a rule for selecting among the alternatives
decision rule
properties of preference ordering
median voter theorem
arrow’s impossibility theorem
single-peaked preferences
single-peakedness implies their utility peaks at their ideal point (one clear preference)
condorcet’s paradox
a group composed of individuals with rational preferences does not necessarily have rational preferences in the collective
condorcet winner
an alternative that is preferred by a simple majority to all other alternatives in pairwise comparisons
strategic voting
coordination in the electorate (among the people, more important to pick the same option as everyone else rather than picking their top option)
cycling
incoherent group choice
produced by sincere voting, preference profiles and the rules structuring group-decision making
plurality voting
alternative with most votes relative to others wins
exhaustive ballot
votes are taken in rounds, if there is an alternative with a simple majority, they win - if not the option with the fewest votes is eliminated and the vote moves to the next round
sincere voting
voters pick based on their favourite option
winset
duverger’s law
in elections, the combination of plurality rule and a single winner results in a two candidate/party competition
agenda-setting
an agenda is an order for dealing with alternatives: agenda-setters can have greater power in the group decision-making process
non-dictatorship
group coherence
universal admissibility
preference aggregation
the process of turning individual wishes into group outcomes
