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3515 FINAL > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

not reabsorbing enough HCO3
- respiratory compensates by blowing off excess CO2

A

metabolic acidosis

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2
Q

pH > 7.45, HCO3 > 26

A

metabolic alkalosis

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3
Q
  • headache
  • hyperkalemia
  • muscle twitching
  • vasodilation
  • low BP
  • N/V/diarrhea
  • LOC changes/confused/drowsy
  • Kussmaul respirations
  • compensation
A

metabolic acidosis

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4
Q

caused by severe diarrhea, renal failure/issues, shock, and diabetic ketoacidosis

A

metabolic acidosis

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5
Q

reabsorbing excess HCO3
- respiratory compensates by retaining CO2

A

metabolic alkalosis

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6
Q

pH < 7.35, HCO3 < 22

A

metabolic acidosis

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7
Q

caused by excessive HCO3, loop diuretics, severe vomiting, and excessive GI suctioning

A

metabolic alkalosis

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8
Q
  • rapid, shallow respirations
  • tachycardic w/ possible dysrhythmias
  • N/V/diarrhea
  • hypokalemia
  • tingling in extremities
  • muscle cramping
  • decreased LOC/confusion
A

metabolic alkalosis

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9
Q

eye S&S of anemia

A

yellow

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10
Q

skin S&S of anemia

A

pale, cold, yellow

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11
Q

respiratory S&S of anemia

A

SOB

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12
Q

musculoskeletal S&S of anemia

A

weak

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13
Q

GI S&S of anemia

A

change in stool color & spleen enlargement

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14
Q

CNS S&S of anemia

A

fatigue, dizzy, faint, altered mental status

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15
Q

circulatory S&S of anemia

A

low BP

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16
Q

heart S&S of anemia

A

palpitations, rapid HR, chest pain, angina, MI

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17
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A
  • decrease in systolic BP of 20 mmHg OR decrease in diastolic BP of 10 mmHG
  • change in 3 min of standing when compared to BP sitting/supine
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18
Q

Precautions for CMV, HIV, Hep B & C, Aspergillosis

A

Standard

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19
Q

Precautions for MRSA, VRE, Adenovirus, Diarrhea, C. diff., Rotavirus, E coli, Enterovirus, Salmonella, Shigella, Hep A, Herpes Zoster/Simplex

A

Contact

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20
Q

Precautions for Pertussis, Influenza A or B, MRSA (respiratory), Coxsackie, Bacterial meningitis, RSV, Mumps, Rubella

A

Droplet

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21
Q

Precautions for Chicken pox, Disseminated Herpes Zoster, Measles, TB, SARS, Avian Influenza

A

Airborne

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22
Q

Airborne Precautions require:

A

wash hands before/after, N-95, door closed

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23
Q

Droplet precautions require:

A

wash hands before/after, full face protection (goggles, mask, face shield)

24
Q

Contact Precautions Require:

A

wash hands before/after, gloves, gown, and disposable equipment

25
Q

_____ factors affecting wound healing:
Necrosis, edema, pressure, maceration, desiccation, excessive bleeding, trauma, biofilm, and infection

A

Local

26
Q

________ factors affecting wound healing: age, circulation, oxygenation, BMI, meds, health status, comorbidities, lifestyle

A

Systemic

27
Q

occur directly in the wound

A

local factors

28
Q

not related to wound location but can prolong wound healing

A

systemic factors

29
Q
  • intermittent claudication pain
  • no edema
  • no pulse or weak pulse
  • no drainage
  • round, smooth sores
  • black eschar
  • pain subsides with rest
  • location: toes & feet
A

Arterial insufficiency

30
Q
  • dull, achy pain
  • lower leg edema
  • pulse present
  • drainage
  • sores with irregular borders
  • yellow slough or ruddy skin
  • improves with leg elevation & activity
  • location: ankles
A

Venous insufficiency

31
Q

_______ reaction to blood transfusion:
chills, fever, headache, flushing, tachycardia, increased anxiety

A

Febrile

32
Q

________ reaction to blood transfusion:
MILD: hives, pruritis, facial flushing
SEVERE: SOB, bronchospasm, anxiety

A

Allergic

33
Q

_________ reaction to blood transfusion:
low back pain, hypotension, tachycardia, fever & chills, chest pain, tachypnea, hemoglobinuria, may have immediate onset

A

Hemolytic

34
Q

urethral blockage, unable to empty bladder properly (i.e., prostate enlargement)

A

overflow incontinence

35
Q

relaxed pelvic floor, increased abdominal pressure (i.e., after birth, coughing & sneezing)

A

stress incontinence

36
Q

bladder oversensitivity from infection, neurologic disorder (i.e., spasms)

A

urge incontinence

37
Q

bladder issue related to CNS issues

A

neurogenic incontinence

38
Q

narrowing of the arteries, commonly the pelvis & legs
- cramping, pain
- tired legs or hip muscles that worsens during walking/activity & subsides with rest

A

arterial insufficiency (PAD)

39
Q

inadequate return of venous blood from the legs to the heart
- tired/heavy
- achy cramping in the legs
- pain that worsens when standing & improves with leg elevation and activity

A

venous insufficiency (PVD)

40
Q

organisms growing & multiplying

A

incubation period

41
Q

when person is MOST infectious; vague and nonspecific signs of disease

A

prodromal stage

42
Q

presence of specific signs & symptoms of disease

A

full stage of illness

43
Q

recovery from the infection

A

convalescent period

44
Q

ability of a system to exchange electronic health info with and use electronic health info from other systems without special effort on the part of the user

A

interoperability

45
Q

technologies that provide for Pt safety and independence at home (i.e., health & fitness apps, sensors, tools) that connect the Pt with caregiver, digital med reminder systems, and early warning & detection tech

A

telecare

46
Q

use of telecommunication technologies to support the deliver of all types of medical, diagnostic, and treatment-related services, usually by physician or NP

A

telemedicine

47
Q

collection of air outside lung but within the pleural cavity; occurs when air accumulates between the parietal & visceral pleura inside the chest & the air accumulation can apply pressure on the lung & make it collapse

A

pneumothorax

48
Q

serious condition in which blood collects in the pleural space; w/o Tx, blood can continue to accumulate and put so much pressure on outside of lung that it cannot fully inflate

A

hemothorax

49
Q

loss that can be recognized by others as well as the person sustaining the loss

A

actual

50
Q

condition in which a person displays loss & grief behaviors for a loss that has yet to take place

A

anticipated

51
Q

loss of youth, financial independence, and of a valued environment experienced by a person, but tangible to others

A

perceived

52
Q

losses that occur during the life cycle

A

maturational

53
Q

unexpected or unpredictable loss

A

situational

54
Q
  • movement of affected side may be reduced
  • percussion note is dull
  • crackles may be heard
  • bronchial breathing may be present
  • whispering pectoriloquy and aegophony may occur
  • vocal fremitus and resonance are sometimes increased
A

consolidation (i.e., lobar pneumonia)

55
Q
  • trachea & apex beat may be displaced away from the effusion if it is large
  • movement of affected side may be reduced
  • percussion note is stony dull
  • vocal fremitus and resonance are reduced
  • breath sounds are reduced
A

pleural effusion

56
Q
  • trachea & apex may be displaced to the side
  • movement of affected side is reduced
  • bream sounds are diminished
A

atelectasis (collapsed lung)

57
Q
  • trachea & apex beat are displaced away from the affected side
  • percussion note may be hyper-resonant
  • bream sounds are reduced over pneumothorax
  • vocal fremitus and resonance may be reduced
A

tenson pneumothorax

3515 FINAL (4 decks)

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