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HSCI Lab > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothesis

A

A statement of association that is either rejected or failed to be rejected

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2
Q

Quantitative

A

Testing a hypothesis using statistical rules

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3
Q

Qualitative

A

Measuring the quality of something rather than qualitative

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4
Q

Mixed method

A

combining quantitative and qualitative research methods in the same research project.

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5
Q

Analysis

A

The examination of the observations. Frequently this analysis of observations is done with the help of a statistical analysis.

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6
Q

Conclusion

A

The step where the question posed in the hypothesis is answered.

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7
Q

Null Hypothesis

A

A hypothesis the is rejected or failed to be rejected

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8
Q

Agent

A

The material that causes the disease

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9
Q

Environment

A

Something that contributes to the disease outbreak when the host and agent come together in some way

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10
Q

Host

A

The victim of the disease

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11
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

Body system that supports movement, stability, and form

Muscular and Skeletal

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12
Q

Control Group

A

Endocrine:Regulate hormone production

Nervous: Regulates the body’s response to stimuli

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13
Q

Essential fat

A

Needed for insulation, cushioning between parts of the body and vital organs, and maintaining body functions.
Women= 12%
men=3%

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14
Q

Storage Fat

A

Approximately 50% is stored under the skin. The other 50% is in the gut region where it protects the kidneys, keeps the intestines in place, and protects the bones. Normal=
12% men and 15% women

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15
Q

Lean Body Weight

A

Male term which is equivalent to the total body weight minus the 12% storage fat.

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16
Q

Minimal Weight

A

Female term total body weight minus the storage fat.

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17
Q

Minimal Weight

A

Female term total body weight minus the storage fat.

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18
Q

Setpoint Weight

A

Physiologically appropriate weight, a weight our bodies will physiologically defend

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19
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, which increases fracture risk

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20
Q

Risk factors linked to Osteoporosis

A 
Race- Whites and Asians are higher risk
Lack of Calcium
High Sodium Consumption (Calcium loss through urine)
Lack of Physical Activity
Smoking, Alcohol abuse & Caffeine
Heredity-
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21
Q

Transtheoretical Model Stages

A

The stages of change represent the core construct around which everything is organized.

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22
Q

Enabling Factors

A

Make it possible for a motivation to be realized; that is, they enable a person to act on their own predispositions. They include available resources, supportive policies, assistance, and services.

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23
Q

Reinforcing Factors

A

Factors or responses to behaviors that increase the chance of reoccurrence.

  • Directly, vicariously or self responses.
  • Can be positive or negative.
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24
Q

Barriers to change

A
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25
Q

Predisposing factors

A

Factors we are predisposed to include age, biological sex, educational levels, and family background (culture).

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26
Q

Calories per gram of fat 9 kcal/g,
protein 4 kcal/g, carbohydrate 4
kcal/g, and alcohol 7kcal/g

A

1 gram per kcal

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27
Q

Fruits and Vegetables

A

5-10 a day

28
Q

Fats

A

Less than 30% of your total daily calorie consumption

29
Q

Saturated Fat

A
  • Solid at room temperature.

- Saturated fats increase blood cholesterol more than any other food items eaten.

30
Q

Unsaturated fat

A
  • This type of fat is normally liquid at room temperature and derived from plant sources.
  • Two kinds of unsaturated fats are monounsaturated and polyunsaturated.
31
Q

Healthy levels of Blood pressure

A

120/80 mmHg/dL

32
Q

Pulmonary Function Test

A

Gender
Height
Weight

33
Q

Parts of Heart

A

The two upper chambers are called atria.
-which pump blood into the ventricles.
the two lower parts are called ventricles
-Which pump blood away from the heart to other organs of the body

34
Q

Flow of Circulation

A
  • Deoxygenated blood is collected from the top and bottom parts of the body into the right atrium
  • The left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood
  • Veins transport blood away towards the heart
  • Arteries transport blood away from the heart
35
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

a disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on their inner walls.

36
Q

Aneurysm

A
  • Widening or ballooning of the arterial wall

- Usually caused by a congenital defect or a weakening of the wall of the vessel.

37
Q

Heart Attack

A

Blockage of normal blood supply to an area of the heart

38
Q

Stroke

A

Blocked artery in heart

coronary

39
Q

Eustress

A

Good stress

ex. wedding, new job

40
Q

Distress

A

Bad stress

ex. Fired, death

41
Q

Effects of stress on the body

A

Increased heart rate &
blood pressure

Increased breathing rate

Blood sugar levels rise

Immune system gets a slight boost

42
Q

Total Dissolved Solids in water

A

500mg/L (0.5gm/l)

43
Q

Nitrates in Water

A

10mg/L

44
Q

Fluoride in Water

A

4mg/L

45
Q

Max sound

A

<90dBA (average) for 8

46
Q

Temperature in Buildings

A

68 of (heated) 78 of (cooled)

47
Q

coliform bacteria in water

A

0 colonies/100ml

48
Q

Turbidity nephelometric units

A

5 NTUs

49
Q

Noise effects on body

A

Anxiety

Annoyance, mood shifts

Hypertension

change in immune system

Evaluated blood pressure

50
Q

Point Source Sollution

A

Contamination originates from a single source

51
Q

Non-point source

A

Pollution is contamination derived from diffuse sources.

52
Q

Ground Water

A

When rain falls and seeps deep into the earth, filling the cracks, crevices, and porous spaces of an aquifer, it becomes groundwater.

53
Q

Surface Water

A

Covering about 70% of the earth, surface water is what fills our oceans, lakes, rivers, and all those other blue bits on the world map.

54
Q

Coliform bacteria

A

non-pathogenic,

indicates the presence of fecal matter, other bacteria may be present

55
Q

Emphysema

A

Chronic disease where alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs) are destroyed, impairing the lungs’ ability to obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.

56
Q

Causes of Alcoholism

A

Biological factors- Drinkers who had parents that were alcoholics

Sociocultural- Social pressures and family attitude towards drinking

57
Q

Effects of CO on the body

A

decreased oxygen in cells

oxygen deprivation in tissues

58
Q

Moderate drinking in people

A

Men- 2 a day

Women- 1 a day

59
Q

Effects of secondhand smoke

A

SIDS, Increase chronic disease, 10k per year,

60
Q

Methods of birth control and effectiveness

A

abstinence, surgical hormonal, barrier, spermicidal, natural, other

61
Q

Methods of preventing STI infections

A

Abstinence and Male/Female Condoms

62
Q

Purpose of “test tube sex”

A

risks of

unprotected sex

63
Q

Pregnancy rate without

contraceptives

A

85% in a year

64
Q

Fertilization

A

Fallopian

tubes/oviduct

65
Q

Emergency contraception

A

not the abortion pill (RU486), 72hr, prevents

implantation

HSCI Lab (1 decks)

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