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Phlebotomy > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of draw ?

A

Yellow, Light Blue, Red, Gold, Green, Lavender, Gray

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2
Q

If a stat test is ordered and a patient is not in their room you should do what ?

A

Locate the patient

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3
Q

What is a cause of hemolysis ?

A

Vigorously mixing the tubes

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4
Q

What is a reason for specimen recollection ?

A

Prolonged bleeding after needle withdrawl

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5
Q

What is hemoconcentration ?

A

Alteration in the ratio of elements in the blood

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6
Q

What is hemolysis ?

A

Destruction of blood cells

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7
Q

What does a internal AV shunt consist of ?

A

Fistula, or permanent internal connection between the artery and the vein

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8
Q

what gauge needle is best to use for a draw on children younger than 2 years ?

A

23

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9
Q

Which laboratory test assays jaundice ?

A

Bilirubin

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10
Q

Blood should never be collected fro the arm of a patient containing what ?

A

an AV Shunt

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11
Q

Which artery is most frequently used for ABG collection ?

A

Radial

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12
Q

What two arteries are used when and Allen test is performed ?

A

Ulnar & Radial

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13
Q

Time specimens are frequently collected to monitor what ?

A

Medicated levels

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14
Q

A 72 hour stool specimen is collected to determine what ?

A

Fat quantities

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15
Q

What urine test is most commonly used to determine pregnancy ?

A

First morning

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16
Q

A urine specimen is labeled before or after collection ?

A

Before collection

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17
Q

What body fluids are always treated as stat specimens ?

A

Urine

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18
Q

What should you do to tubes with additives ?

A

Invert gently 5 to 10 times immediately after draw

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19
Q

What should you not do during a specimen transport ?

A

Carry the specimen at a 45 degree angle

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20
Q

How long does blood clotting take to complete at room temperature?

A

30 to 40 minutes

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21
Q

What type of specimen is used for the occult blood test ?

A

Feces

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22
Q

What don’t phlebotomist usually have complete control over ?

A

Patient preparation

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23
Q

Failure to perform an action consistent with the accepted standard care is called what ?

A

Negligence

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24
Q

What is a reason for specimen rejection ?

A

Improper specimen handling

25
Q

When inserting a needle into a hand vein using a winged infusion set what is the correct angle of entry ?

A

10 to 15 degrees

26
Q

If a patient is sleeping when you enter to draw a specimen how should you proceed ?

A

Gently wake the patient

27
Q

What should you do to prevent hemolysis of a sample ?

A

use a winged infusion set

28
Q

What is the ratio of plasma to red blood cells in newborns ?

A

40% plasma, 60% red blood cells

29
Q

What technique is mostly used for blood collection in pediatric patients ?

A

Winged infusion set

30
Q

What conditions are common in geriatric patients ?

A

Dementia, Forgetfulness, confusion

31
Q

What is the best site selection In geriatric patients ?

A

Antecubital Fossa

32
Q

Why must phlebotomist discard the first sample drawn from a heparin or saline lock ?

A

Potential dilution of the specimen

33
Q

What challenges are you faced with during blood draws of patients in a nursing home ?

A

Veins are more elastic

34
Q

What WOULDN’T arterial blood specimen be collected to assess ?

A

Carbon Monoxide

35
Q

What is the anticoagulant used in the collection syringe for an ABG collection ?

A

Heparin

36
Q

Where is the radial artery located ?

A

Along the thumb side of the wrist

37
Q

What is the purpose of an Allen test before collection of an arterial blood gas ?

A

Assess collateral circulation in the radial artery

38
Q

What is a example of a timed specimen

A

Digoxin

39
Q

In what time period should a patient drink the glucose solution required for a OGTT ? What is OGTT ?

A

10 minutes, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

40
Q

What does Hyperglycemia mean ?

A

Increased glucose

41
Q

What factors influence blood composition ?

A

Dehydration, Gender, Age

42
Q

What is a timed test performed one urine ?

A

Creatinine

43
Q

What is the best collection for screening for abnormalities in urine ?`

A

First morning void

44
Q

What type of specimen provides the physician with a “snapshot” of the inner workings of the body ?

A

Urine specimen

45
Q

Why is a 72 hour stool specimen collected ?

A

Fat quantities

46
Q

How many times should an anticoagulated tube be inverted ?

A

5 to 10 times

47
Q

What is the major risk of stopper removal of a tube ?

A

Aerosol

48
Q

What sample must be protected from light ?

A

Vitamin B12

49
Q

Complete clotting of a red top tube will occur in what time frame ?

A

30 to 45 minutes

50
Q

What is the maximum amount of time that should elapse before a specimen is delivered to the laboratory ?

A

45 minutes

51
Q

What tests may be used to assess the presence of anemia ?

A

Hematocrit & Hemoglobin

52
Q

What is NOT used for HCG determination ?

A

Sputum

53
Q

What sample is collected for ACT testing ?

A

Sodium Citrate & Dermal Puncture

54
Q

What tube contains sodium citrate ?

A

Blue

55
Q

What kind of specimen would you collect for an occult blood ?

A

Stool

56
Q

Who should you consult if you have questions on a particular specimen ?

A

Procedure manual

57
Q

What is a phlebotomist responsible for controlling ?

A

Preanalytic Variables

58
Q

A phlebotomist CAN NOT control what ?

A

Posture

59
Q

What should you avoid when making site selection ?

A

The arm nearest mastectomy

Phlebotomy (5 decks)

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