Final- Regional Neuroanatomy Part 2 Flashcards
What provides motor and sensory innervation for the pelvis and lower limbs?
- Lumbosacral plexus
- Lumbar plexus (superior)
- Sacral plexus (inferior)
What spinal nerves contribute to the lumbosacral plexus?
- Spinal Nerves L1 to S4.
What spinal nerves contribute to the lumbar plexus?
- Spinal Nerves L1 to L4
What spinal nerves contribute to the sacral plexus?
- Spinal Nerves L4 to S4.
What are the 6 nerves that make up the lumbar plexus?
- Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)
- Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
- Genitofemoral nerve (L1-L2)
- Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2-L3)
- Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
- Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
What is the largest diameter nerve in the lumbar plexus?
- Femoral nerve
What are the 3 superior pelvic nerves?
- Iliohypogastric nerve
- Ilioinguinal nerve
- Genitofemoral nerve
What muscle do the 3 superior pelvic nerves originate from?
- Psoas major muscle
The Iliolhypogastric nerve will provide sensory innervation to what parts of the body?
- Small part of the lateral pelvis/hip through the lateral cutaneous branch
- Anterior portion of the reproductive system through the anterior cutaneous branch
What muscles will have motor innervation through the iliohypogastric nerve?
- Transverse abdominis (may be utilized when breathing under labor/stress)
- Internal abdominis muscles
The Ilioinguinal nerve will provide sensory innervation to what parts of the body?
- Medial upper quadricep muscle
- Right above the reproductive organs
What muscles will have motor innervation through the ilioinguinal nerve?
- Internal oblique muscle
The genitofemoral nerve branches off into what two nerves?
- Femoral branch
- Genital branch
What muscles in men will have motor innervation through the genitofemoral nerve?
- Cremaster muscle/ Reflex
What ligament is attached to the pubic tubercle?
- Inguinal Ligament
What are two attachment points for the inguinal ligament?
- Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
- Pubic Tubercle
A horizontal line across the iliac crest will indicate what landmark on the spine?
- The border of L4 and L5
What are the muscles that make up the femoral triangle?
- Iliopsoas
- Sartorius
- Pectineus
- Adductor Longus
Describe the position of the femoral nerve, femoral artery, and femoral vein in the femoral triangle.
- Femoral Nerve: Lateral
- Femoral Artery: Middle
- Femoral Vein: Medial
These structures are about 1 cm apart from each other.
What wraps around the femoral nerve, artery, and vein?
- Femoral sheath
What nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of the lower leg?
- Saphenous Nerve
Saphenous Nerve is branched off the femoral nerve
The adductor canal is between what two muscles?
- Anterior and medial thigh muscles
- The adductor canal is also inferior to the femoral triangle.
What are the three muscles that surround the adductor canal?
- Sartorius Muscle
- Adductor Longus
- Vastus Medialis
What does the adductor canal provide a pathway for?
- Pathway for the saphenous nerve to pass through.
Which nerve provides sensory information to the lateral anterior thigh?
- Lateral Cutaneous Nerve (LCA)
What foramen does the obturator nerve pass through?
- Obturator Foramen at the base of the pelvis
The obturator nerve serves primarily as a motor neuron. What muscles does the obturator nerve innervate?
- Obturator externus
- Adductor longus
- Adductor brevis
- Gracilis
- Pectineus
- Adductor magnus
Where would the obturator nerve provide sensory innervation?
- There is a small cutaneous branch on the medial thigh just above the knee.
What ligament will the femoral nerve sit right under?
- Inguinal Ligament
The femoral nerve will innervate what four muscles in the leg?
- Iliopsoas
- Pectineus
- Sartorius
- Quadricep femoris
What are the sensory branches of the femoral nerve?
- Anterior cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve
- Saphenous nerve
What are the primary motor nerves of the sacral plexus?
- Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
- Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
What are the three gluteal muscles?
- Gluteus Maximus
- Gluteus Minimus
- Gluteus Medius
What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
- Gluteus Medius
- Gluteus Minimus
- Tensor Fasciae Latae
What muscles does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
- Gluteus Maximus
What four main nerves provide sensory innervation to the gluteal region?
- Superior Clunial Nerve
- Middle Clunial Nerve
- Inferior Clunial Nerve
- Lateral Branch of Iliohypogastric Nerve
The superior clunial nerve is formed by what spinal nerves?
- Posterior Rami of L1 to L3
The middle clunial nerve is formed by what spinal nerves?
- Posterior Rami of S1 to S3
The inferior clunial nerve arises from what nerve?
- Posterior femoral cutaneous (branch of the sacral plexus)
The sciatic nerve is a combo of what two nerves?
- Tibial Nerve (L4 to S3)
- Common Fibular Nerve (L4 to S2)
The sciatic nerve is formed from what spinal nerve?
- Spinal Nerve L4 to S3
What is another term for the common fibular nerve?
- Peroneal Nerve
What is the largest nerve in the body in terms of diameter?
- Sciatic Nerve
Label 1
- Sciatic nerve
Label 2
- Common fibular nerve (peroneal nerve)
Label 3
- Deep fibular nerve
Label 4
- Superficial fibular nerve
Label 5
- Superficial fibular nerve
The fibular nerve splits into what three divisions?
- Lateral Sural Cutaneous Nerve
- Superficial Fibular Nerve
- Deep Fibular Nerve
Where does the Lateral Sural Cutaneous nerve provide sensory innervation?
- Lateral side of the calf
Where does the Superficial Fibular Nerve provide sensory innervation?
- Top of the foot
What are the two branches of the superficial fibular nerve?
- Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve
- Intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve
Where does the Deep Fibular Nerve provide sensory innervation?
- Between the Big Toe and 2nd Toe
What are the branches of the Deep Fibular Nerve?
- Lateral cutaneous nerve of the big toe
- Medial cutaneous nerve of the 2nd toe
Label 1, 2, and 3
- 1: Sciatic Nerve
- 2: Tibial Nerve (travels medially)
- 3: Common Fibular Nerve (travels laterally)
What are the four direct cutaneous branches of the tibial nerve?
- Medial Sural Cutaneous Branch
- Medial Calcaneal Branch
- Lateral Calcaneal Branch
- Lateral Dorsal Cutaneous Branch
The tibial nerve will branch off to what two nerves at the foot?
- Medial Plantar Nerve
- Lateral Plantar Nerve
What are the nerves that make up the sacral plexus?
- Superior gluteal nerve
- Inferior gluteal nerve
- Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
- Sciatic Nerve (Peroneal and Tibial n.)
- Pudendal Nerve
List the spinal nerve origins of the following:
-Superior gluteal nerve
-Inferior gluteal nerve
-Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
-Common fibular nerve
-Tibial nerve
- Pudendal nerve
Name the function of the pudendal nerve
- Sensory innervation to the pelvis
- Rectum and colon motility
- Reproductive organ function
Where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh provide sensory innervation?
- Hamstring
- Lower Gluteal Region
- This nerve is also the starting point of the inferior clunial nerve
