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drawing 1 > FINAL QUIZ > Flashcards

FINAL QUIZ Flashcards

1
Q

what are the elements of design?

A

point, line, shape, form, texture, space, value, and color.

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2
Q

what is a point?

A

a two dimensional mark

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3
Q

what is a line?

A

a point (dot) in motion

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4
Q

what is a outline?

A

An outline is an actual line, a concrete mark that defines the boundary or outer edge of an object or figure

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5
Q

what is a contour line?

A

A contour line is not an actual line but an edge that is perceived where a three-dimensional form curves away from the viewer

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6
Q

what types of line patterns are there?

A

hatching, crosshatching, stippling, and scumbling

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7
Q

what is hatching?

A

closely spaced parallel lines

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8
Q

what is crosshatching?

A

dense patterns of crisscrossed lines

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9
Q

what is stippling?

A

a more or less dense pattern of dots

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10
Q

what is scumbling?

A

dense patterns of scribbled, multidirectional lines

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11
Q

what is shape?

A

defined by boundaries of line or color and used to emphasize a portion of the composition

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12
Q

what is form?

A

The three-dimensionality of objects, shapes, etc.

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13
Q

what is texture?

A

The tactility of the medium, visually or physically

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14
Q

what is positive space?

A

used as a space delineated by line, color, shape, etc.

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15
Q

what is negative space?

A

use of unadorned space in a composition

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16
Q

what is figure-ground reversal?

A

when the foreground, positive space (figure) and the background, negative space (ground) have interchangeable and equally weighted roles in a composition

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17
Q

what is a rubin vase?

A

A Rubin vase is a classic example of a figure-ground reversal in which figure can become ground and vice versa

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18
Q

what is value?

A

The lightness or darkness of an object or hue

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19
Q

what is chiaroscuro?

A

creates the illusion of three-dimensionality through gradations of light and shade

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20
Q

Grays that result from mixing various amounts of black and white are

A

achromatic

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21
Q

Grays that are closer to black are in the _____ range

A

low-key

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22
Q

Grays that are closer to white are in the_____ range

A

high-key

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23
Q

what is color?

A

The light reflected off a surface perceived by the eye, translated through the optic nerve, and received by the brain; color is a function of light

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24
Q

what is hue?

A

purest form of pigment. Most highly saturated and most vibrant

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25
Q

what is tint?

A

hue + white (pigment becomes LIGHTER in value)

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26
Q

what is tone?

A

hue + grey (pigment can become LIGHTER or DARKER in value, but always more NEUTRAL)

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27
Q

what is shade?

A

hue + black (pigment becomes DARKER in value)

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28
Q

what is traditional primary?

A

red, yellow, blue

29
Q

what is traditional secondary?

A

violet, orange, green

30
Q

what is traditional tertiary/intermediate?

A

yellow-green, blue-green, red-violet, blue-violet, yellow-orange, red-orange

31
Q

what should traditional tertiary/intermediate always be named?

A

Primary + Secondary

32
Q

what are complementary colors?

A

colors opposite each other on the color wheel. When combined, they turn neutral

33
Q

what are the principles of design?

A

pattern, contrast, emphasis, balance, proportion/scale, harmony, rhythm/movement

34
Q

what is pattern?

A

A regular arrangement of alternated or repeated elements or motifs

35
Q

what is contrast?

A

The juxtaposition of different elements of design

36
Q

what is emphasis?

A

Special attention given to one part of a work of art through placement, contrast, color, size, or repetition

37
Q

what is focal point?

A

the primary point of visual interest in a work of art

38
Q

what are the methods for creating emphasis?

A

directional lines, contrast, placement

39
Q

what is balance?

A

When elements are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically to create the impression of equality in weight or importance

40
Q

what is proportion/scale?

A

The relationship between objects with respect to size, number, etc., including the relationship between parts of a whole

41
Q

what is harmony?

A

The arrangement of elements to give the viewer a feeling that all parts of a piece form a coherent whole

42
Q

what is rhythm/movement?

A

Use of recurring elements to direct the movement of the eye throughout the work

43
Q

what is a medium?

A

materials and tools that artists use to create a work of art

44
Q

One way in which artists suggest space is varying the size of objects and figures

A

scale and perspective

45
Q

how does relative size affect objects and figures?

A

Objects and figures that are supposed to appear closer to the viewer will be sized larger than objects and figures of the same type that are perceived as farther away

46
Q

how does overlapping affect relative size?

A

Overlapping creates the illusion of space through imitating the real-world effect of closer objects obscuring objects that are farther away. Overlapping often works hand-in-hand with relative size

47
Q

what is linear perspective?

A

the formal systems developed by artists to portray three-dimensional objects in two-dimensional space

48
Q

how doe viewers observe linear perspective?

A

Viewers observe objects from a vantage point

49
Q

what is a vanishing point?

A

The point at which objects “vanish”

50
Q

what is a horizon line?

A

the line where the earth and sky meet

51
Q

in one-point perspective…

A

the artist places a single point on the horizon line—typically in the exact center

52
Q

what are orthogonals?

A

diagonal lines that extend from the four corners

53
Q

what are transversals?

A

Lines that are parallel to the horizon line

54
Q

what is two-point perspective?

A

represents the recession of objects seen from an angle, or obliquely.
In two-point perspective, the imaginary sight lines that extend from the edges of cubes converge at two points on the horizon

55
Q

what is optical representation?

A

the representation of figures and objects from a single vantage point

56
Q

what is conceptual representation?

A

assembles the distinctive characteristics of figures and objects as they are viewed from different perspectives rather than a single, fixed vantage point
The combination of different perspectives is also called a composite view or twisted perspective

57
Q

what is proportion?

A

the comparative size relationship, or ratio, of things to one another
A canon of proportions establishes rules about the dimensions of body parts in relation to one another

58
Q

Polykleitos…

A

developed a canon of proportions that became the standard for creating the ideal figure

59
Q

Drawing is

A

the most basic, perhaps the most instinctive, two-dimensional art form

60
Q

Drawings may

A

serve as preliminary sketches for articulating ideas. be complete works of art themselves

61
Q

Conventional drawing materials can be divided into two groups

A
  1. Dry mediums include metalpoint, pencil, charcoal, chalk, pastel, and wax crayon
  2. The primary fluid medium used in drawing is ink, and the typical instruments used to carry this medium are pen and brush
62
Q

Pencils

A

A pencil consists of a mixture of graphite powder (a form of carbon) and clay that is baked and hardened and encased in wood or paper

The relative hardness or softness of a pencil’s lead depends on the quantity of clay in the mixture

63
Q

what is the history of charcoal?

A

Charcoal has a long history as a drawing implement, going back to Stone Age artists who created images on the walls of caves with crumbly pieces of burnt wood or bone

64
Q

Charcoal sticks are now available in textures that range from …

A

hard to soft

65
Q

the charcoal sticks may be …

A

sharpened with sandpaper to form fine and clear lines or may be dragged flat across the surface to create diffuse areas of varied tone

66
Q

while pens and brushes are the most conventional tools for applying ink to paper, there are …

A

limitless ways to do it, from sponges to sticks to fingertips.

67
Q

The earliest pens were fashioned from hollow reeds…

A

Beginning in the nineteenth century, mass-produced metal nibs became preferred writing instruments
Pen and ink drawings are essentially linear

68
Q

The quality of line in brush-and-ink drawing will depend on whether the brush is …

A

bristle or nylon, thin or thick, pointed or flat tipped

69
Q

The brush-and-ink medium may also …

A

employ wash—diluted, watery ink

drawing 1 (1 decks)

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