final questions Flashcards
which gland is mixed but produces more mucus
sublingual
what is the surface epithelium of the esophagus
st sq with langerhand cells (APC and phagocytotic)
what region of the stomach has deeper pits and shorter glands
pyloric region
what is lacking from the colon
villi and paneth cells
what is the surface epithelium of the stomach
simple columnar
what is the function of kupffer cells of the liver
phagocytosis and APC
what layer is absent from the anal canal
MM
which layer is CT with bv and n
dental pulp
what does the hepatic sinusoids carry
a mix of blood (75% venous and 25% arteriole)
what is the function of pancreatic ducts and how is it controlled
secretion (water and bicarb) is controlled by secretin and ACh
(serous acini controlled by CCK and ACh)
what is the function of the clear cells in gallbladder
concentrate bile by absorbing water
is the endocrine or exocrine pancreas larger?
exocrine
what is the surface epithelium of colon
simple columnar + lots of cells
what is special about the submucosa of the appendix
thick with numerous LN
what is the composition of the upper 1/3, middle 1/3, and lower 1/3 of ME of esophagus
upper = skeletal middle = mixed lower = smooth
which layer of the tooth is before the mineralization of dentin (lasts 24-48 hours)
predentin
what is the function of Ito cells of the liver
store lipids for immediate use and produce collagen
what layer of the stomach are the AVA located? and what are their function
Submucosa, fxn is to shut down secretion and activity fast
are there villi or paneth cells in the appendix
No villi, few or no paneth cells
which gland is the largest and produces 30% of the total salivary output
parotid
which gland is entirely serous producing
parotid
what is the characteristics of physiological sphincters
no thickening of circular muscle in ME, pressure gradient aids movement
what is the flow of blood through the liver
portal triad to central vein
which papillae do NOT have taste buds
filiform papillae
what makes up the exocrine pancreas and its function
serous acini that produce digestive enzymes
what are the layers of LP for masticatory mucosa of oral cavity?
papillary and reticular
which gland is smallest and only produces about 5% of output
sublingual
what does gastrin cells secrete
stim HCl, and pepsinogen
which layer of the tooth has thin tubules with nerves
dentin
what strx’s make up the portal triad
hepatic a + portal v + bile duct
pancreatic ducts have what special characteristics
centroacinar cells and collagen rich CT wrap
what makes up the reticular layer of LP
dense Ct
what is the direction of flow for bile
hepatocyte to bile duct of the portal triad
where are brenner Glands located within the SI
Submucosa
what layer are lacteals located in the SI
LP
what is the fxn of brenner glands
produce alkaline mucus to neutralize chyme
what makes up the papillary layer of LP
thick loose CY with bv, n, meissners corpuscles
what are the 4 complimentary forces used to control the lower esophageal sphincter/gastroesophageal sphincter
1 diaphragm contraction
- intra-abd>intra-gastric P
- peristalsis
- correct anatomical arrangement of strx
what helps to increase surface area of the SI
plicae circulares, villi, microvili
what region of the stomach does not have chief cells
cardia region
what type of papillae are associated with small sailivary glands used to produce serous fluid
vallate pappillae
what layers are absent in the gallbladder
MM and Submucosa
what cells of SI promote humoral immunity
M cells
what layer of the lining mucosa is minor salivary glands, and sebaceous glands part of
submucosa
which layer is composed of columnar cells, persists in adults, and is to repair, produce and maintin dentin
odontoblasts
where is myenteric plexus located
ME; stim ME for peristalsis
how is the ME arranged in the colon
outer longitudinal layer is in bands = teniae coli
and if constant tonus = haustra
is the internal/external anal sphincter thick circular layer
internal
what does parietal cells produce
very strong HCl, and gastric intrinsic factor
what strx is the reason the liver can take over blood filtration from the spleen
space of disse
what are the functions of the stomach
cont digestion of carbs, STORAGE, chemical/physical nutrient breakdown
what is the surface epithelium for gallbladder
simple columnar
what layer of the tooth is interlinked rods that we cannot make more of after eruption (hardest substance in body)
enamel
which gland is mixed but produces more serous
submandibular
which gland produces about 60% of the total salivary output
submandibular
what is the surface epithelium for the papillae?
filiform = keratinzed st sq
other papillae = st sq
what is the surface epithelium of the tongue?
specialized epithelium (keratinized st sq on filiform papillae) and st sq on other papillae
what does chief cells produce
pepsinogen and gastric lipase
how is the ME arranged in the stomach?
between the cardia region and greater curv is 3 layers (inner oblique, middle circ and outer long - thin) and elsewhere is normal
what is the surface epithelium of rectum and anal canal
rectum = simple col anal = transition to st sq
lingual salivary glands of the tongue are associated with what layer
Submucosa
where is goblet cells more numerous, least numerous in SI
more = ileum, less = duod
what is lacteals
lymphatic capillaries for lipid absorption
what layer of the colon are intestinal glands found
LP
what is the function of surface absorptive cells/enterocytes
absorb water and nutrients
what layer is the myenteric plexus located
ME
what layer of the tooth is POLARIZED columnar cells that produce enamel
ameloblasts
what is the LP of the esophagus
loose areolar CT with ESOPHAGEAL CARDIAC GL (neutral mucus)
paneth cells of SI produce what
lysozyme
what is the submucosa layer of the esophagus
dense fibroelastic with ESOPHAGEAL GL PROPER (acidic mucus)
what is the pattern of the ME of esophagus
normal (inner circ and outer long)
