Final questions Flashcards
What is the critical leadership skill when attempting to build a cooperative and effective team?
A) Showing their true feelings
B) Empathizing with followers
C) Identifying existing emotions in themselves and others
D) Manipulating the emotions of all involved to achieve stated goals
C) Identifying existing emotions in themselves and others
Which principle will help increase the likelihood that followers do not mislead their leader?
A) Support the followers’ right to disagree
B) Rely only on facts and discount intuition
C) Discourage acceptance until the facts are proved
D) Identify who to rely upon and who not to listen to
A) Support the followers’ right to disagree
Which statement regarding the characteristics of a good leader is true?
A) They are totally trustworthy
B) They may have character flaws
C) They are by nature good intentioned
D) Charisma is their strongest attribute
B) They may have character flaws
Leaders may be deceitful and trustworthy, greedy and generous, and cowardly and brave. To assume that all good leaders are good people is foolhardy and makes us blind to the human condition. It is only when we recognize and manage our failings that leaders achieve greatness.
Which statement concerning nursing leadership functioning at its potential is true?
A) The leadership role is most important in nursing today
B) Leadership is most important in managing health-care costs
C) The most important nursing leadership role is being charismatic
D) There is a need to integrate nursing management and nursing leadership
D) There is a need to integrate nursing management and nursing leadership
What is the conclusion of interactional theories regarding successful leadership?
A) Leaders, followers, and the situation were all variables that interacted
B) The situation had the most profound effect on success in leadership
C) The situation has a greater effect on outcomes than followers do
D) Good results would occur if leaders led well
A) Leaders, followers, and the situation were all variables that interacted
What is an example of a positive outcome of a leader’s emotional intelligence?
A) Emotions are held in check
B) Emotions are used effectively
C) Expression of one’s emotions is expected
D) Expression of one’s emotions is encouraged
B) Emotions are used effectively
What is a focus of thought leadership? A) Challenging the status quo B) Learning new technology C) Keeping up with current nursing knowledge D) Being a transformational leader
A) challenging the status quo
Thought leadership applies to a person who is recognized among his or her peers for innovative ideas and who demonstrates the confidence to promote those ideas.
Which represents the management functions that are incorporated into the management process?
A) Planning, directing, organizing, staffing, and evaluating
B) Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling
C) Organizing, planning, staffing, directing, and evaluating
D) Organizing, staffing, planning, implementing, and controlling
B) Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling
What does traditional management science focuses upon? A) Meeting worker satisfaction B) Delineating barriers to productivity C) Using a laissez-faire approach D) Encouraging employee participation
B) Delineating barriers to productivity
Managing conflict among staff members would occur in which part of the management process? A) Planning B) Organizing C) Directing D) Evaluating
D) Eval
Which statement about situational or contingency leadership theory is correct?
A) High relationship behavior is much more essential to a good manager than high
task behavior
B) This leadership model is effective in bureaucratic organizations because it is task
focused
C) Management should be consistent in different situations so workers understand
what is expected of them
D) The leadership style chosen by a manager should reflect the task/relationship
behavior of those being managed
D) The leadership style chosen by a manager should reflect the task/relationship
behavior of those being managed
Which statement depicts leadership?
A) A leadership position is assigned
B) A leadership position carries a legitimate source of power
C) Members of a group will follow a person in a leadership position only by choice
D) Leadership requires meeting organizational goals
C) Members of a group will follow a person in a leadership position only by choice
What type of leader is the person who is committed, has a vision, and is able to empower others with this vision?
A) Transactional
B) Transformational
C) Interactional
D) Bureaucratic
B) Transformational
What is a distinguishing trait of integrated leader-managers? Select all that apply.
A) Inward thinkers
B) Long-term thinkers
C) Concerned with employee motivation
D) Possess influence beyond their own group
B, C, D
What type of manager is concerned with the day-to-day operations?
A) Transactional
B) Transformational
C) Interactional
D) Bureaucratic
A) Transactional
What is the typical focus of managers? Select all that apply.
A) Establishing a legitimate source of power
B) Delegating responsibilities to staff members
C) Formulate the budget to achieve the stated goals
D) Direct attention to the management of unwilling subordinates
A, B, C
Which activity is associated with a leadership role? Select all that apply.
A) Mentoring two new managers
B) Establishing goals for the coming year
C) Advocating for employee regarding personal policies
D) Providing a motivational speech at the new employee orientation
A, B, C, D
Which statement best describes ethics?
A) How our lives and relationships are led in our reality
B) How people make decisions they see as legally and morally appropriate
C) The conflict, power, and interdependency associated with the way we live
D) What our conduct and actions should be regarding what is right and good
D
What is an ethical dilemma?
A) A problem that can be solved using empirical data
B) A situation that has clearly delineated facts for decision making
C) A problem that when handled effectively has a mutually agreed-upon solution
D) A situation that requires choosing between two or more undesirable alternatives
D) A situation that requires choosing between two or more undesirable alternatives
The practice of allocating organs for transplantation based on a person’s worth to society is an example of what ethical principle for decision making? A) Autonomy B) Beneficence C) Utility D) Justice
D
The only treatment alternative left for a patient diagnosed with advanced cancer is a rare, highly experimental bone marrow transfusion with a 10% success rate. The insurance company refuses to authorize payment for the $200,000 procedure, arguing that the money could be better spent providing well-baby screening for 2,000 residents in the service area. What does this decision by the insurance company reflect?
A) Unethical conduct
B) Maleficence
C) Paternalism
D) Utility
D
The principle of utility states that what is best for the common good outweighs what is best for the individual. There is no indication of unethical or maleficence behavior on the part of the insurance company. Paternalism would be characterized by the insurance company making treatment decision without the patient having input.
Which statement regarding the MORAL decision-making model is true?
A) It is a problem-solving model
B) It does not include an evaluation step
C) The identification and analysis of multiple alternatives for action is required
D) The decision is arrived upon with only the involvement of the decision maker
C)
MORAL is a decision-making model that is useful in clarifying ethical problems, and it requires the identification and analysis of multiple alternatives for action. The other options are not true statements regarding this decision-making model.
What is the role of the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics and Interpretive Statements?
A) Outlines minimum levels of ethical behavior that nurses must maintain
B) Functions as a guide to the highest standards of ethical practice for nurses
C) Is a legally binding document that directs a nurse’s ethical and moral behavior
D) Mandates the ethical behavior prerequisite for maintaining a nursing licensure
B
Which statement regarding ethical decision making is true?
A) Outcomes are the basic criterion for evaluating ethical decision making
B) Only desirable alternatives are identified when solving ethical dilemmas
C) Critical ethical decisions are made quickly so the situation does not worsen
D) Accepting some ambiguity and uncertainty are a part of ethical decision making
D
Which factor should be considered when assessing the quality of ethical problem solving? Select all that apply.
A) Outcomes
B) Decision-making process
C) Multiple alternatives
D) Data gathering
A, B
Collecting data about the ethical problem and identifying who should be involved in the decision-making process is accomplished in which phase of the MORAL decision- making model?
A) Massage the dilemma
B) Outline options
C) Review criteria and resolve
D) Affirm position and act
A
Which statement is correct regarding the distinction between legal and ethical obligations in decision making?
A) Ethical controls are clearer and philosophically impartial
B) Ethical controls are much clearer and individualized
C) Legal controls are clearer and philosophically impartial
D) Legal controls are much less clear and individualized
C
Using both a systematic approach and proven ethical tools and technology allows managers to make better decisions and increases the probability that they will feel confident about the decisions they have made. Leadership roles and management functions are involved in management ethics. What is an example of a leadership role?
A) Uses a systematic approach to problem solving and decision making when facedwith management problems with ethical ramifications
B) Identifies outcomes in ethical decision making that should always be sought oravoided
C) Uses established ethical frameworks to clarify values and beliefs
D) Role models ethical decision making, which is congruent with the AmericanNurses Association Code of Ethics and Interpretive Statements and Professional
standard
D)
There are many terms used to describe moral issues faced by nurses, including moral uncertainty, moral conflict, moral distress, moral outrage, and ethical dilemmas. Which statement describes how moral uncertainty occurs?
A) Occurs when an individual is unsure which moral principles or values apply and may even include uncertainty as to what the moral problem is
B) Occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action
C) Occurs when an individual witnesses the immoral act of another but feels powerless to stop it
D) Occurs when being forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
A
What defines the legal boundaries of nursing at the state level? A) The state’s Attorney General B) The Nurse Practice Act C) The ANA standards of practice D) The ANA Code for Nurses
B) NPA
A doctor orders a medical procedure that the staff nurse has reason to believe will harm the patient. Which statement accurately states the legal consequences of carrying out, or refusing to carry out, the procedure?
A) The staff nurse cannot be held legally liable for any harm to the patient if the
procedure is carried out with due care
B) The nurse may lose his or her license by refusing to carry out the procedure
C) The nurse can be held legally liable for any harm if the procedure is carried out
without question
D) The nurse can be held accountable for practicing medicine without a license
C)
How is the legal expansion of nursing roles accomplished?
A) The expansion of job descriptions in an agency
B) Written contracts between the nurse and the client
C) A written agreement between the nurse and the physician
D) Revision of the Nurse Practice Act
Ans: D
D)
What is the responsibility of a charge nurse who discovers that a medication error was made on the previous shift?
A) Share that information with the charge nurse on the previous shift
B) Document the incident as per hospital policy
C) Write a memo to the nurse who made the error requesting incident report be
written
D) Write a note in the client’s chart that an incident report will be completed
D)
Which characteristics are required of a reasonable and prudent nurse?
A) Years of clinically focused nursing experience
B) Specialized nursing skills
C) Average nursing judgment and skills
D) Earned advanced nursing degree
C
A lawsuit pertaining to professional negligence must include duty, breach of duty, injury, and a causal relationship between breach of duty and injury. What else must be included? Which element is necessary to prove professional negligence? Select all that apply.
A) Breach of duty
B) Presence of injury
C) Ability to foresee harm
D) Causal relationship
A, B, C, D
What component of professional negligence is represented when a patient experiences a seizure resulting from a medication error?
A) Duty to use due care
B) Failure to meet standard of care
C) Foreseeability of harm
D) A causal relationship
D)
What document permits a registered nurse to offer special skills and knowledge to the public in a particular jurisdiction when such practice would otherwise be unlawful? A) A state nursing license B) Institutional licensure C) ANA certificate D) ANA practice standards
A)
What is an example of an unintentional tort? A) Professional negligence B) Assault C) Battery D) False imprisonment
A)
Which behavior will best minimize a nurse’s risk for a malpractice claim?
A) Always carry a personal liability insurance policy
B) Always function with the state’s nursing practice act
C) Ask for assistance when engaged in complicated procedures
D) Devote time to establishing an effective nurse and patient relationship
B)
Which statement regarding the responsibility of a manager in advocacy is accurate?
A) Advocacy is a management function and not a leadership role
B) Managers advocate only as needed to meet organizational goals
C) Managers should advocate for patients as well as subordinates
D) Professional advocacy is not a primary concern for most managers
C)
How is the action of advocacy described?
A) Informing others of their rights and making certain they have sufficient
information to make decisions
B) Learning about the need for a decision and then making a good decision for other
people
C) Supporting an individual’s right to make a decision even when they do not have
accurate information
D) Protecting the rights of patients in accordance with the law
A)
Which situation is a reality for whistle-blowers?
A) Retaliation against them is illegal
B) Fellow workers are supportive of them
C) Federal and State law protects them
D) They are often afraid to speak out
D)
What statement is true concerning nurses as a political body?
A) They are very committed to both their profession and the political process
B) Many are active members of the American Nurses Association (ANA)
C) Their primary focus is to speak out on consumer health-related issues
D) They have not yet recognized the full potential of political activity
D)
Which leadership role is associated with advocacy?
A) Create a climate where advocacy and its associated risk-taking are valued
B) Give subordinates and patients adequate information to make informed decisions
C) Ensure that rights and values of patients supersede those of the health-care
providers
D) Seek appropriate consultation when advocacy results in intrapersonal or
interpersonal conflict
A)
How can nurses act as advocates? Select all that apply.
A) Helping others make informed decisions
B) Directly intervening on behalf of others
C) Providing consent to treat for the cognitively impaired patients
D) Making health-care decisions for those who are not able to do so
A, C, D
Which characteristic associated with being a patient increases the need for advocacy? Select all that apply.
A) Loss of physical freedom as a result of extended hospitalizations
B) Decreased independence due to physical or psychosocial limitations
C) Physical or psychosocial limitations negatively impacted autonomy
D) Illness tends to make an individual more vulnerable to unethical activities
A, B, C, D
Which are common areas requiring nurse and patient advocacy? Select all that apply.
A) Securing patient consents
B) Preventing medication errors
C) Facilitating access to health-care services
D) Respect for patient dignity and cultural values
A, B, C, D
Which intervention demonstrates that the nurse-manager is to advocate for patients in common areas of concern? Select all that apply.
A) Staffing a unit with sufficient care providers
B) Orienting staff to safely use a new patient lift
C) Providing an in-service on culturally meeting end-of-life needs
D) Arranging for patient consultations with members of the financial office
A, B, C, D
Whose rights do the legislative controls of nursing practice primarily protect?
A) Patients
B) Subordinates
C) Managers
D) Administrators
A)
Which nursing intervention demonstrates attention to the nursing values central to patient advocacy? Select all that apply.
A) Assuring the patient that their wishes will be respected regarding the care they
receive
B) Identifying the patient’s religious dietary practices when discussing a prescribed
diet
C) Answering the patient’s questions regarding the alternatives to a proposed
procedure
D) Suggesting to a patient that a social services consult would help with discharge
needs
A, B, C, D
What determines the functions and priorities of an organization?
A) The organization’s mission statement
B) The organization’s budget
C) Consumer satisfaction surveys
D) The organization’s policy and procedure statements
A)
What is the best definition for the process of planning?
A) Problem oriented
B) Short-term goal setting
C) Continuous with cyclic evaluation checkpoints
D) A long-range needs assessment
C)
Which is a true statement about planning?
A) All plans should be defined well so that changes aren’t necessary
B) Long- and short-range plans should be kept separate so priorities do not become
confused
C) Objectives and goals must be established before the philosophy is written
D) All plans should include reasonable time limits
D)
What is required in a health-care organization philosophy statement?
A) Should be evident in a nursing department’s decisions, priorities, and behavior
B) Has value, even if not implemented, because it provides a picture of what the
organization would like to accomplish
C) Should reflect the values and priorities of each specific unit manager
D) Should be consistent with that of other health care agencies in the area to avoid
competition
A)
A good plan incorporates which characteristic?
A) A midterm evaluation
B) Built-in evaluation checkpoints
C) The rejection of plans that originally failed
D) Over-planning to arrange required details
B)
One of the most commonly used tools in health-care organizations is SWOT analysis. What is the definition for S?
A) Internal attributes that help an organization achieve its objectives
B) Internal attributes that challenge an organization in achieving its objectives
C) External conditions that promote achievement of organizational objectives
D) External conditions that challenge or threaten the achievement of organizational
objectives
A)
One of the most commonly used tools in health-care organizations is SWOT analysis. What is the definition for opportunities?
A) Internal attributes that help an organization achieve its objectives
B) Internal attributes that challenge an organization in achieving its objectives
C) External conditions that promote achievement of organizational objectives
D) External conditions that challenge or threaten the achievement of organizational
objectives
C)
