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Clin. Observ / Tech > final Q's - Fall 2013 > Flashcards

final Q's - Fall 2013 Flashcards

1
Q

antigen found on surface of HBV; continued presence indicates carrier state

A

HBsAg

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2
Q

antibody to HBsAg; provides immunity to hep B

A

HBsAb

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3
Q

Antigen associated with core HBV

A

HBcAg

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4
Q

Antibody to HBcAg; positive during window phase. IgM HBcAb is an indicator of recent disease

A

HBcAb

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5
Q

A second, different antigenic determinant in the HBV core. Important indicator of transmissibility

A

HBeAg

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6
Q

Antibody to e antigen; indicates low transmissibility

A

HBeAb

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7
Q

at what degree of an angle should one hold a gua sha tool

A

hold at a 30 degree angle to the skin, press and scrape from top–>bottom, inside–>outside

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8
Q

gua sha should be the first or last procedure done during a treatment

A

LAST

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9
Q

what is the frequency of treatment for gua sha

A

1-2x per month, no more than once a week

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10
Q

sha normally takes how many days to clear

A

2-6 days ~1 week

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11
Q

all patient records must be retained for how long

A

at least 6 years or 1 year following one’s 21st birthday

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12
Q

sharing professional fees

A

another Lac or MD with Cac can hire you and take a percentage. any other professional cannot; you can only rent rooms from them.

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13
Q

clean field

A

the area that has been prepared to contain the equipment necessary for acupuncture in such a way as to protect the sterility of the needles. By extension, this includes not only the clean surface on which equipment will be placed, but also the patient’s skin around the prepared acupuncture points, and anything that touches the skin.

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14
Q

steril equipment

A

all instruments that pierce the skin: needles, plum-blossom needles, seven star hammers, lancets and insertion tubes.

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15
Q

resident vs transient infectious agents

A

transient agents include those that are picked up from one patient and possibly carried to another. Soap is adequate for cleansing the surface of the skin of this type of infectious agent.
resident agents, which lodge deeper in the skin, present additional risk for an immuno-compromised patient and germicidal soup or an alcohol-based hand disinfectant should be used.

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16
Q

how long is the appropriate time to wash hands with soap

A

20 seconds

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17
Q

alcohol-based hand disinfectant can de-germ hands in how many seconds

A

less than 30 seconds

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18
Q

what are the two most useful cupping treatments

A

external invasion of wind cold: common cold, stiff neck, chills, etc
lung disorders: asthma, bronchitis, cough, etc

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19
Q

three types of cups for cupping

A

glass, plastic, bamboo/wood

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20
Q

what are inappropriate areas to cup

A

large vessels, thin skin, open wounds

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21
Q

avg cupping duration

A

3-5 min avg. 10 min max

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22
Q

if skin does not become red after _____ minutes of cupping, this treatment is not appropriate to the problem and will have no effect on the sx

A

5

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23
Q

the _____ the skin turns red, the stronger the effect will be. the _____ the sha clears, the better the prognosis. slow healing indicates:

A

quicker, faster, healthy circulation has not yet been restored

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24
Q

advantage of cupping with bleeding

A

strongly clears heat and moves blood stasis

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25
Q

advantage of sliding cups

A

covers broader area

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26
Q

advantage to cupping with needling

A

needling first draws qi and blood to the area and can therefore result in a stronger treatment

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27
Q

cautions/contraindications for cupping

A

non-intact skin
high fever
skin allergy
abdominal and lumbo-sacral areas of pregnant women
elderly people; those with history of prolonged cortisone use
dont cup over umbillicus

28
Q

4 functions of bleeding

A
  1. activates the blood
  2. dissolves stagnation of the blood and eases pain
  3. reduces inflammation and disperses heat
  4. disperses fullness and eliminates accumulation
29
Q

contraindications for bleeding

A

blood deficiency
hypotension
weak constitution
pregnant or post-partum women

30
Q

difference between herbal creams and ointments

A

ointments contains ONLY oils or fats (no water) and unlike creams, do not blend with the skin but form a separate layer over it.
creams are semi-solid emulsions of oil in water or water in oil that are readily absorbed into the skin; may have herbs dissolved in either the oil or the water fraction or both.

31
Q

a liquid or semi-liquid preparation in oil or alcohol which is designed to have rubefacient or analgesic properties is called:

A

linament

32
Q

which method of external application is the following:

in small amounts at a time blend powdered herb material with oily base, then apply to skin

A

paste

33
Q

which method of external application is the following:
hot soaked masses of herb prepared in a fabric bag and applied to the skin while still hot; cover with gauze to hold in place. Special ability to draw wounds and infections, and to sooth, heal, and astringe.

A

poultice

34
Q

snuffing

A

inhaling powdered herbs through the nose for nasal inflammation or polyps

35
Q

egg whites as a non-herbal ingredient

A

neutral and astringent; for tendon, muscle, ligament injuries, also cartilage and menisci damage

36
Q

vinegar as a non-herbal ingredient

A

relaxes the liver, specific for tendon injuries

37
Q

alcohol as a non-herbal ingredient

A

courses channels; preservative and solvent; ethyl alcohol is least irritating to the skin

38
Q

turpentine as a non-herbal ingredient

A

penetrates to the bone level

39
Q

what is the incubation period for the forms of hepatitis

A 
A - 15-50 days
B - 50-180 days
C - 20-90 days
D - ?
E - 15-60days
40
Q

what is the method of transmission for the forms of hepatitis

A 
A - Fecal/Oral
B - Bloodborne
C - Bloodborne
D - ?
E - Fecal/Oral
41
Q

what is the onset like for the different forms of hepatitis

A 
A - Abrupt
B - Insidious
C - Insidious
D - ?
E - Abrupt
42
Q

are there vaccines for the various forms of hepatitis

A 
A - yes
B - yes
C - no
D - no
E - no
43
Q

which forms of hepatitis are chronic

A 
A - not chronic
B - depends on age group
C - 60-70%
D - ?
E - not chronic
44
Q

what are the necessary steps in case of a needle prick

A
  1. wash hands, squeeze out blood, rub with alcohol or betadine
  2. report to supervisor
  3. fill out incident report
  4. seek medical treatment
45
Q

a patient is classified as having AIDS, which transformed from the original HIV case when:

A

the patient is HIV seropositive and has an absolute CD4 count of less than 200 cells per microliter, or one or more AIDS defining illnesses.

46
Q

what substances can you place moxa on

A

garlic, salt, fu zi, ginger

47
Q

systole

A

the phase of contraction of the heart muscles

48
Q

diastole

A

the phase of relaxation or dilation of the heart muscles

49
Q

what is the avg respiratory rate of a newborn

A

30-60

50
Q

what is the avg respiration rate of a premature infant

A

40-90

51
Q

what is the avg respiration rate of an adult

A

12-20

52
Q

what is a “normal” temperature

A

98.6 F

53
Q

when to refer babies to an MD

A

< 3 mo. - 100.2+ F
3-6 mo. - 101+ F
6 mo. + - 103+ F

54
Q

when to refer adults to an MD

A

103+F
101+ lasting longer than 3 days
low-grade fever lasting longer than several weeks

55
Q

blood pressure

A

the pressure exerted by blood on the wall of a blood vessel, generated by the contraction of the ventricles

56
Q

avg systolic BP

A

males - 120 mmHg

females - 110 mmHg

57
Q

avg diastolic BG

A

males - 80 mmHg

females - 70 mmHg

58
Q

pulse pressure

A

the difference between the systolic BP and the diastolic BP

its avg is 40 mmHg; abnormal >50 or <30 mmHg

59
Q

hypertension

A

> 140/90

60
Q

hypotension

A

abnormally low BP

61
Q

what are the 5 parts of an acupuncture needle

A

tail, handle, root, shaft/body, tip

62
Q

what are the 5 standard positions for a patient

A 
seated in extension
seated in flexion
lateral recumbent
supine
prone
63
Q

when needling and it feels soft like butter, this means:

A

that there is no qi

64
Q

needling differences between cases of deficiency and excess

A 
deficiency:
superficial insertion
mild stim or moxa
few needles
small slow movements
short retention time
less frequent treatment
excess:
deep insertion
strong stim
larger needles
fast, big movements
long retention time
more frequent treatments
65
Q 
tonifying techniques:
insertion and withdrawal
lifting and thrusting
rotation of twirling
direction of needling
with the breath
withdrawal of the needle
9/6 manipulate
A 
slow insert, quick withdraw
heavy thrust with light lift
with qi flow/clockwise
with qi flow within channel
insert with inhalation
close hole
9x yang

Clin. Observ / Tech (2 decks)

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