final Q's - Fall 2013

Question 1

antigen found on surface of HBV; continued presence indicates carrier state

Answer 1

HBsAg

Question 2

antibody to HBsAg; provides immunity to hep B

Answer 2

HBsAb

Question 3

Antigen associated with core HBV

Answer 3

HBcAg

Question 4

Antibody to HBcAg; positive during window phase. IgM HBcAb is an indicator of recent disease

Answer 4

HBcAb

Question 5

A second, different antigenic determinant in the HBV core. Important indicator of transmissibility

Answer 5

HBeAg

Question 6

Antibody to e antigen; indicates low transmissibility

Answer 6

HBeAb

Question 7

at what degree of an angle should one hold a gua sha tool

Answer 7

hold at a 30 degree angle to the skin, press and scrape from top–>bottom, inside–>outside

Question 8

gua sha should be the first or last procedure done during a treatment

Answer 8

LAST

Question 9

what is the frequency of treatment for gua sha

Answer 9

1-2x per month, no more than once a week

Question 10

sha normally takes how many days to clear

Answer 10

2-6 days ~1 week

Question 11

all patient records must be retained for how long

Answer 11

at least 6 years or 1 year following one’s 21st birthday

Question 12

sharing professional fees

Answer 12

another Lac or MD with Cac can hire you and take a percentage. any other professional cannot; you can only rent rooms from them.

Question 13

clean field

Answer 13

the area that has been prepared to contain the equipment necessary for acupuncture in such a way as to protect the sterility of the needles. By extension, this includes not only the clean surface on which equipment will be placed, but also the patient’s skin around the prepared acupuncture points, and anything that touches the skin.

Question 14

steril equipment

Answer 14

all instruments that pierce the skin: needles, plum-blossom needles, seven star hammers, lancets and insertion tubes.

Question 15

resident vs transient infectious agents

Answer 15

transient agents include those that are picked up from one patient and possibly carried to another. Soap is adequate for cleansing the surface of the skin of this type of infectious agent.
resident agents, which lodge deeper in the skin, present additional risk for an immuno-compromised patient and germicidal soup or an alcohol-based hand disinfectant should be used.

Question 16

how long is the appropriate time to wash hands with soap

Answer 16

20 seconds

Question 17

alcohol-based hand disinfectant can de-germ hands in how many seconds

Answer 17

less than 30 seconds

Question 18

what are the two most useful cupping treatments

Answer 18

external invasion of wind cold: common cold, stiff neck, chills, etc
lung disorders: asthma, bronchitis, cough, etc

Question 19

three types of cups for cupping

Answer 19

glass, plastic, bamboo/wood

Question 20

what are inappropriate areas to cup

Answer 20

large vessels, thin skin, open wounds

Question 21

avg cupping duration

Answer 21

3-5 min avg. 10 min max

Question 22

if skin does not become red after _____ minutes of cupping, this treatment is not appropriate to the problem and will have no effect on the sx

Answer 22

5

Question 23

the _____ the skin turns red, the stronger the effect will be. the _____ the sha clears, the better the prognosis. slow healing indicates:

Answer 23

quicker, faster, healthy circulation has not yet been restored

Question 24

advantage of cupping with bleeding

Answer 24

strongly clears heat and moves blood stasis

Question 25

advantage of sliding cups

Answer 25

covers broader area

Question 26

advantage to cupping with needling

Answer 26

needling first draws qi and blood to the area and can therefore result in a stronger treatment

Question 27

cautions/contraindications for cupping

Answer 27

non-intact skin high fever skin allergy abdominal and lumbo-sacral areas of pregnant women elderly people; those with history of prolonged cortisone use dont cup over umbillicus

Question 28

4 functions of bleeding

Answer 28

1. activates the blood 2. dissolves stagnation of the blood and eases pain 3. reduces inflammation and disperses heat 4. disperses fullness and eliminates accumulation

Question 29

contraindications for bleeding

Answer 29

blood deficiency hypotension weak constitution pregnant or post-partum women

Question 30

difference between herbal creams and ointments

Answer 30

ointments contains ONLY oils or fats (no water) and unlike creams, do not blend with the skin but form a separate layer over it. creams are semi-solid emulsions of oil in water or water in oil that are readily absorbed into the skin; may have herbs dissolved in either the oil or the water fraction or both.

Question 31

a liquid or semi-liquid preparation in oil or alcohol which is designed to have rubefacient or analgesic properties is called:

Answer 31

linament

Question 32

which method of external application is the following: | in small amounts at a time blend powdered herb material with oily base, then apply to skin

Answer 32

paste

Question 33

which method of external application is the following: hot soaked masses of herb prepared in a fabric bag and applied to the skin while still hot; cover with gauze to hold in place. Special ability to draw wounds and infections, and to sooth, heal, and astringe.

Answer 33

poultice

Question 34

snuffing

Answer 34

inhaling powdered herbs through the nose for nasal inflammation or polyps

Question 35

egg whites as a non-herbal ingredient

Answer 35

neutral and astringent; for tendon, muscle, ligament injuries, also cartilage and menisci damage

Question 36

vinegar as a non-herbal ingredient

Answer 36

relaxes the liver, specific for tendon injuries

Question 37

alcohol as a non-herbal ingredient

Answer 37

courses channels; preservative and solvent; ethyl alcohol is least irritating to the skin

Question 38

turpentine as a non-herbal ingredient

Answer 38

penetrates to the bone level

Question 39

what is the incubation period for the forms of hepatitis

Answer 39

``` A - 15-50 days B - 50-180 days C - 20-90 days D - ? E - 15-60days ```

Question 40

what is the method of transmission for the forms of hepatitis

Answer 40

``` A - Fecal/Oral B - Bloodborne C - Bloodborne D - ? E - Fecal/Oral ```

Question 41

what is the onset like for the different forms of hepatitis

Answer 41

``` A - Abrupt B - Insidious C - Insidious D - ? E - Abrupt ```

Question 42

are there vaccines for the various forms of hepatitis

Answer 42

``` A - yes B - yes C - no D - no E - no ```

Question 43

which forms of hepatitis are chronic

Answer 43

``` A - not chronic B - depends on age group C - 60-70% D - ? E - not chronic ```

Question 44

what are the necessary steps in case of a needle prick

Answer 44

1. wash hands, squeeze out blood, rub with alcohol or betadine 2. report to supervisor 3. fill out incident report 4. seek medical treatment

Question 45

a patient is classified as having AIDS, which transformed from the original HIV case when:

Answer 45

the patient is HIV seropositive and has an absolute CD4 count of less than 200 cells per microliter, or one or more AIDS defining illnesses.

Question 46

what substances can you place moxa on

Answer 46

garlic, salt, fu zi, ginger

Question 47

systole

Answer 47

the phase of contraction of the heart muscles

Question 48

diastole

Answer 48

the phase of relaxation or dilation of the heart muscles

Question 49

what is the avg respiratory rate of a newborn

Answer 49

30-60

Question 50

what is the avg respiration rate of a premature infant

Answer 50

40-90

Question 51

what is the avg respiration rate of an adult

Answer 51

12-20

Question 52

what is a "normal" temperature

Answer 52

98.6 F

Question 53

when to refer babies to an MD

Answer 53

< 3 mo. - 100.2+ F 3-6 mo. - 101+ F 6 mo. + - 103+ F

Question 54

when to refer adults to an MD

Answer 54

103+F 101+ lasting longer than 3 days low-grade fever lasting longer than several weeks

Question 55

blood pressure

Answer 55

the pressure exerted by blood on the wall of a blood vessel, generated by the contraction of the ventricles

Question 56

avg systolic BP

Answer 56

males - 120 mmHg | females - 110 mmHg

Question 57

avg diastolic BG

Answer 57

males - 80 mmHg | females - 70 mmHg

Question 58

pulse pressure

Answer 58

the difference between the systolic BP and the diastolic BP | its avg is 40 mmHg; abnormal >50 or <30 mmHg

Question 59

hypertension

Answer 59

>140/90

Question 60

hypotension

Answer 60

abnormally low BP

Question 61

what are the 5 parts of an acupuncture needle

Answer 61

tail, handle, root, shaft/body, tip

Question 62

what are the 5 standard positions for a patient

Answer 62

``` seated in extension seated in flexion lateral recumbent supine prone ```

Question 63

when needling and it feels soft like butter, this means:

Answer 63

that there is no qi

Question 64

needling differences between cases of deficiency and excess

Answer 64

``` deficiency: superficial insertion mild stim or moxa few needles small slow movements short retention time less frequent treatment ``` ``` excess: deep insertion strong stim larger needles fast, big movements long retention time more frequent treatments ```

Question 65

``` tonifying techniques: insertion and withdrawal lifting and thrusting rotation of twirling direction of needling with the breath withdrawal of the needle 9/6 manipulate ```

Answer 65

``` slow insert, quick withdraw heavy thrust with light lift with qi flow/clockwise with qi flow within channel insert with inhalation close hole 9x yang ```