FINAL: Pruning

Question 0

What are three functions of the stem or trunk?

Answer 0

1) To support branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits
2) To distribute water and minerals from roots
3) To carry food to the rest of the plant

Question 1

What are two main functions of roots?

Answer 1

1) Anchor the plant

2) Absorb water and necessary mineral nutrients

Question 2

Why is it good to prune roses before the plants bloom?

Answer 2

Encourages new growth = more roses

Question 3

Why would it be bad to prune forsythia in the winter?

Answer 3

It would prune away flowering wood

Question 4

How old is the wood that apples grow on?

Answer 4

Several years old

Question 5

How does it (pinching) effect the plant?

Answer 5

Diverts plants strength to areas one wants to develop

Question 6

When does the plant stop growing in the yearly cycle, except for thickening of branches and sweeting of fruit?

Answer 6

Winter

Question 7

What are two types of buds and how do their cross-sections differ?

Answer 7

1) Vegetative
2) Fruit

Fruit buds are shorter and fatter

Question 8

What is a node?

Answer 8

Where leaf or lateral bud joins stem or branch

Question 9

What is an internode?

Answer 9

The part of the branch between the nodes

Question 10

How can you change the direction of growth of a branch?

Answer 10

Place bud on the stem points the direction of new branch

Question 11

Where do flower buds normally appear on fruit trees?

Answer 11

Spurs

Question 12

What do the annual bud scar rings show?

Answer 12

Where a years growth stopped

Question 13

What are adventitious buds?

Answer 13

They only go into action in response to an emergency

Question 14

When should a cut not be made?

Answer 14

W/O a good reason + clear understanding of results

Question 15

When should you prune spring flowering shrubs such as Forsythia?

Answer 15

During or After flowering

Question 15

At what two times can you prune summer or fall flowering shrubs?

Answer 15

Early spring, after frost possibility or after flowering

Question 15

When pruning a deciduous shrub on a three-year cycle,

a) What is the goal?

Question 16

b) a What type of wood should you prune to the ground after blooming?

Question 17

c) What type of wood is more susceptible to insects or disease?

Answer 17

Older

Question 18

d) Looking at the pictures, what 6 types of wood should also be pruned?

Answer 18

1) long shoots that spoil the shrubs shape
2) branches or laterals that lie on the ground
3) broken, diseased, dead or crisscrossing branches

Question 19

When pruning broad-leaf evergreen shrubs,

a) Do they grow faster or slower than deciduous shrubs?

Answer 19

Slower

Question 20

b) What three types of branches should be pruned?

Answer 20

Broken, dead; or diseased branches

Question 21

c) What should be done if the plant is encroaching on its neighbors or covering a window?

Answer 21

Shape it back

Question 22

d) How will a plant be stressed if it is in a windy area and you prune it in late fall?

Answer 22

Excessive moisture loss

Question 23

Why is it good to create space in the center of a tree or shrub by cutting away some interior branches?

Answer 23

It provides more light and air in the center (less fungus)

Question 24

What are the three main advantages of pruning?

Answer 24

a) Helps health of plant
b) Produces more fruit
c) Maintains shape

Question 25

What is the function of the lenticels?

Answer 25

They provide air holes for cells in the branch

Question 26

What two bad things happen if you try to prune a branch that is too thick for your clippers?

Answer 26

1) You won’t have a clean cut which will make healing harder

2) You may damage the clippers so they won’t give a clean cut anymore

Question 27

What is the maximum amount of the plant you should cut at any one time?

Question 28

Why should suckers or water sprouts be removed?

Answer 28

They rob the plant of nutrients and water and spoil it’s shape

Question 29

What is pinching and how does it effect the plant?

Answer 29

Nipping off shoots with your bare hands. It makes the plant denser

Question 30

Which cut prevents the bark from tearing down the trunk of the tree?

Answer 30

The first cut (is the deepest

Question 31

How can you tell how much growth happened in a year?

Answer 31

By distance between bud scars