Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COMM226 > FINAL PREP > Flashcards

FINAL PREP Flashcards

1
Q

PART 1: What law states that performance of a computer doubles every 18 months; and the cost of data processing, communications and storage is essentially ZERO

A

(Gordon) Moore’s law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PART 1: what are the 4 EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS (ASCE)

A

Abstract Reasoning:
Manipulate models with a logical or reasonable thought process

Systems Thinking:
Connect inputs and outputs into a sensible whole

Collaboration:
Planning discussions, anticipating reactions

Experimentation:
making a careful analysis of opportunity, envision solutions, and developing ideas with the most promise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PART 1: What is a process and an information system? what is the relationship between them?

A

process: a way of doing something

IS: collection of components (like a computer) that stores and retrieves data and produces information

A process may use multiple information systems, an information system may be used for multiple processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PART 1: What is the purpose of Information Systems Management?

A

Creating/monitoring/adapting processes, IS’, and information to help organizations achieve their strategies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PART 1: What are Porters Five Forces (S.NE.R.PS.PC)

A

threat of SUBSTITUTIONS

threat of NEW ENTRANTS

existing RIVALS

bargaining POWER of SUPPLIERS

bargaining POWER OF CUSTOMERS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PART 1: What is Porters 4 competitive strategy square

A

Choose one

“Lowest Cost across industry” = COST + Industry Wide

Lowest cost in segment = Cost + Focus

Better product across industry = Differentiation + Industry

Better Product across segment = Differentiation + Focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

PART 1: what is a value chain

A

a network of value creating activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

PART 1: What is a value chain according to PORTER (five activities: IL,OL, O, MS, S) (Four support: I,HR,R&D,P)

A

5:
Inbound Logistics
Operations
Outbound Logistics
marketing and Sales
Service

4:
Infrastructure
HR
R&D
procurement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Part 2: What are the 4 basic types of networks? (WILP)

A

Wide Area Network (WAN)
Internet
Local Area (LAN)
Personal Area (PAN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

PART 2: Intranet vs Internet

A

internet: Network of Networks (LANs, WANs, etc)

Intranet: Private internet for an organization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

PART 2: WIFI, Cellular networks, and Bluetooth all operate on this

A

Radio Waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PART 2: What is a PROTOCOL

A

a set of rules used by TWO communicating devices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

PART 2: What is a SOA

A

Service-oriented Architecture provides a way for apps on a network to talk to each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PART 2: What is IoT

A

Internet of Things are objects connected to the internet that communicate and share data (ex: my lights)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PART 2: What is THREE TIER ARCHITECTURE, what is it made up of?

A

3ta: way to build and organize software applications

USER TIER
- user interacts with application

SERVER TIER
- application’s data validation, calculations and business rules

DATABASE TIER
- Stores and manages information and data for application

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PART 2: the elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the internet;

organizations just pay for resources they use

A

What is the cloud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

PART 2: 3 types of Cloud options (SIP)

A

SOFTWARE (SAAS)

PLATFORM (PAAS)

INFRASTRUCTURE (IAAS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PART 2: what does SAAS provide (3)

A

Server or disk drive

Server, OS, DBMS

Apps (software, develop suite)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PART 2: what does IAAS provide (3)

A

Server or Disk drive (storage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PART 2: what does PAAS provide (3)

A

server or disk drive

Servers, OS, DBMS,
(Security, Testing for host apps)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

PART 2: 4 components of computer hardware with examples

A

INPUT:
- keyboard and mouse

CPU:
- RAM, Processor, Memory

OUTPUT:
-speakers, display

STORAGE:
-Magnetic disk, optical disk, cloud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

PART 2: What is the purpose of an OS (few examples)

A

Control computers resources

-read and write data
start and stop programs
backup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

PART 2: 5 types of SOFTWARE apps, NV HOW

A

Horizontal-Market:
- common across all industries (Excel)

Vertical-market:
-specific industry (Doctors CRM)

One-of-kind:
-Specific Need (Scotia App)

Native: just one operating system

Web: Browser exclusive (grammarly)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

PART 2: 4 sources of apps (OOCO)

A

Off the Shelf: generic, no customization

OTS with alterations: generic, customized before use

Custom: Specific for business/client

Open source:
Public and can be modified (wikipedia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • PART 2: what is Virtualization
A

a process (VM) that allows multiple virtual resources to run on a single physical resource, improving efficiency, scalability, and flexibility.

Can be applied to just about any context of IS (operating system VS, Desktop VS, hardware VS, etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

PART 3: What is a BUSINESS PROCESS

What do we use to illustrate them

A

System of ACTIVITIES(tasks) that turn INPUTS into OUTPUTS (ex: getting a new passport)

BPMN Chart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

PART 3: Structured vs Dynamic Process

A

Stuctured:
- Formally defined, standardized process, day-to-day
- (scheduling work shifts)

Dynamic:
- less specific, adaptive, intuitive
-Solving if/where to open new location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

PART 3: Data vs information

A

data = recorded facts

Information = knowledge we derive from those facts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

PART 3: qualification of data CARTS

A

Cost worthy
Accurate
Relevant
Timely
(just) Sufficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

PART 3: what 4 things make up a BP

A
  • Activities
  • Resources
  • Actors (human/computer hardware resource)
  • Role (particular actor for role)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

PART 3: 4 characteristics of a Process (L.O.S.S)

A
  • Stability of flow
    (structured/dynamic)

Scope
(Managerial/operational/strategic)

  • Objectives
    (effectiveness/efficientcy)

-Location in VC
(marketing and sales/inbound logistics…)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

PART 3: Operational vs Managerial vs Strategic SCOPE of processes

A

Operational
- daily, computer based, IS = TPS

Managerial
- Seasonal, MIX based, IS = MIS

Strategic
- When needed, People Based, IS = EES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Part 3: How to achieve PROCESS IMPROVEMENT (3 steps) C.U.M

A

Classify objectives (effective or efficient)

(Make) Unstated Assumptions explicit

Match objectives to strategy

35
Q

PART 3: What are bottlenecks, what do we do with them

A

when one activity reduces performance of overall progress,

remove them

36
Q

PART 3: an island of automation, ISs’ that work in isolation from each other is called what?

A

a Information Grain Silo

37
Q

PART 4: a large enterprise IS that brings data together in a big database and helps improve processes in a company is called A …..?

A

ERP system

38
Q

PART 4: What is JIT Delivery

A

Manufacturing occurring just as materials arrive to reduce storage costs

39
Q

PART 4: what are the 5 Elements of ERP SDHPP

A

Software
Data
Hardware
Procedures
People

40
Q

PART 4: ERP; What are the characteristics of SOFTWARE (2) CC 4 ERP

A

Configuration:
adapting an ERP software to meet client needs without changing code

Customization:
Writing NEW CODE to Supplement ERP system when requirements cannot be met with configuration

41
Q

PART 4: ERP; What are the types of DATA (3)

A

Transactional:
-purchases payments, deliveries

Master
-For organization/reference, supplier names, item names

Organizational:
Data ABOUT THE COMPANY, location of warehouses etc

42
Q

PART 4: Minor, Middle, and Major types of upgrades for ERP

A

Minor;
technical - improving IT

Middle:
Functional - Improving Processes

Major:
Full system Improvement

43
Q

PART 4: Pros (5) and challenges (5) of ERP system

A

Pros
-real time sata sharing
- best industry processes
- more managers = Better oversight
- no information silo
-better for supply chain partners
-create EOS after mergers

Challenges
- Vendor selection
- Gap analysis
- Configuration
- Data issues
- Cutover Method

44
Q

PART 5: a self describing collection of integrated records OR a collection of tables plus their relationship is called a …?

A

Database

45
Q

PART 5: what are the 4 components of a database (cell, column etc)
BFFR (be fkn for real)

A

Cell = BYTE
collumn = FIELDS
rows = RECORDS
tables = FILES

46
Q

PART 5: what does DBMS stand for?
What does it mean?

A

DBMS = Database Management System

A program used to create, process, and administer a database

47
Q

PART 5: What is an SQL?

A

Structured Query Language: univeral language for processing database

48
Q

PART 5: What is Multi user processing?

What is one downside to it?

A

Multiple users can access the database at the same time?

Could lead to LOST UPDATE problem

49
Q

PART 5: enterprise DBMS vs Personal DBMS

A

Enterprise:
process large organizational databases (1000+ users)

personal:
Smaller and simpler database applications (<100, <15)

50
Q

PART 5: What is an E-R diagram?

What 5 elements is it made up of? PEARF

A

E-R diagram: Entity relationship diagram

primary key
- column that uniquely identifies row (“Drivers license #)

entity
- Noun that is independent of one another (person, place, object)

Attributes
-Characteristics of an entity (name, ID, etc)

Relationships
- how entities are related

Foreign key
-Shows relationship between 2 entities

51
Q

PART 5: What is cardinality in a relationship?

A

Cardinality tells us if the relationships are:
1-1, 1-many, or many-many

Many - many must be broken into two 1-many relationships using a bridge entity.

52
Q

Part 5: What is Big Data (3 Vs)

A

vast volumes of structured and unstructured data

volume, Variety, velocity

53
Q

Part 5: What are the characteristics of the 3 Vs of Big data?

A

volume
-dataset size

Variety
-types of data within dataset

velocity
-Speed of data processing

54
Q

Part 6: Definition of AI?

What are the two types of AI objectives

A

software that enables an IS to mimic or simulate human intelligence

Reasoning systems (think and act as people do)

Pattern matching
(matches perception to stored data and identifies patterns)

55
Q

Part 6: What are Expert systems

A

rule based systems that encode data from human knowledge into KNOWLEDGE BASE

Uses If/Then rules

56
Q

Part 6: What are Neural networks (NN)

A

adaptive system with NODES and CONNECTIONS (like a brain)… used for things like translation

57
Q

Part 6: Narrow vs Broad AI

A

Narrow: accomplishes specific task (grammarly)

broad: flexible (chat)

58
Q

Part 6: What is an analytics IS?

A

IS that supports acquiring analyzing and publishing data to reveal patterns

59
Q

Part 6: What is an operational database?

A

designed to make data inputs and updates efficient (like online transactions)

60
Q

Part 6: what is a data warehouse? (OLAP)

A

a facility that prepares, stores, manages data for reporting and mining.

61
Q

Part 6: Descriptive (SFGC) vs. Predictive Vs. Prescriptive Analytics

A

Descriptive:
informs of current conditions
- Sorting, filtering, grouping, calculating

Predictive:
same activities as descriptive but predicts events and outcomes

Prescriptive:
combination of both,
identifies best decisions to take action

62
Q

PART 7: Cooperation vs Collaboration

A

Cooperation: people doing all the same work together

Collaboration:
dynamic process working together to achieve shared purpose

63
Q

Part 7: 3 types of Iteration use

A

No iteration control;
- no limits or restrictions on team work product

Iteration management:
-Tracks changes and provides features to accommodate people working at the same time

iteration Control:
limits user activity, version history, etc

64
Q

Part 7: Passive (4) vs Active Social media (6) IS’

Fvvt tcrsc

A

Passive:
- followers
- views
- visits
- traffic

Active:
- Time on site
- clicks
- retweets
- shares
- comments
- ratings

65
Q

Part 7: what are the two characteristics of social media promotion

A
  1. Network effect:
    - exponential sharing
  2. Trust
    -consumers trust friends more than businesses
66
Q

Part 7: What is social capital?

A

the investment in social relations with the expectations of returns in the marketplace

67
Q

Part 7: 4 risks of social media in business CURP

A
  • underestimation of labour cost
  • variable roi
    -customer privacy
    -employee being cancelled
68
Q

Part 7: What is collaborative consumption? Hint (example is also cc)

A

mutual access to products and services rather than exclusive ownership (creative cloud)

69
Q

Part 7: 3 types of MERCHANT E-commerce

A

b2b
b2c
b2g (gov)

70
Q

Part 7: 3 types of NONMERCHANT e-commerce

A

Auctions
- ebay
Clearinghouses
-SSense
Electronic exchanges
- Grailed, FB marketplace

71
Q

Part 7: 3 Ways E-commerce improves market efficiency (DDS)

A

Data-flow
Disintermediation
Software

72
Q

PART 8: What is ISS

A

Information Systems SECURITY

73
Q

PART 8: Two types of ISS threats

A

Human Error
(internal employees)

computer Crimes
(External Attackers)

74
Q

PART 8: 5 types of DATA targeted COMPUTER CRIME Threats HIMIM

A

hacking

injection (SQL)

malware (Virus, ransomware)

Impersonation (phishing)

Man-in-middle (sniffing)

75
Q

PART 8: 4 types of SOFTWARE targeted COMPUTER CRIME Threats DOMU

A

Denial of service
Overflow
Malware
Usurpation

76
Q

PART 8: 3 types of Hardware targeted COMPUTER CRIME Threat

A

Terrorism
Theft
APT

77
Q

PART 8: 4 types of HUMAN ERROR Threats

A

Inadvertent (idiots)
Deliberate (saboteurs)

Procedure Problems (software)

Accidents (hardware)

78
Q

PART 8: 6 ISS
safeguards
EF,M,HSV (Fuck em, Genital Herpes)

A
  1. Encryption
  2. Firewalls
  3. Malware (ANTI)
  4. Hardening
  5. VPN
  6. Secure Design
79
Q

PART 8:
What is encryption?

A

converting plaintext into encoded text

80
Q

PART 8:
What are firewalls?

A

apparatus that inhibits unauthorized entry into specific sections of a network

81
Q

PART 8:
What is Anti-malware?

A

disrupts spyware and virus’

82
Q

PART 8:
What is hardening?

A

limiting functions of a computer to decrease vulnerabilities
(good for single purpose computers)

83
Q

PART 8:
What is Secure Design?

A

Designing security into a software

COMM226 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions