FINAL - practice questions Flashcards
a researcher is conducting a study of 5A schools in Texas. 20 5A schools will be randomly chosen to take part in the study. the sampling strategy used would be considered
cluster samplings
(schools considered a cluster or singular unit)
A researcher will be studying the most effective teaching methods for students
to learn research principles. The researcher will recruit participants from
students enrolled in multiple universities. Every sixth person on the course
rosters will be chosen to take part in the study. This sampling strategy would
best be described as:
systematic sampling
What is the difference between random selection and random assignment?
random selection: who will be in the study
random assignments: who will be in the groups
Which is required to be a true experimental study? (random selection/ random assignment)
random assignment
A study is being conducted that compares brain activity in response to speech
samples in participants who are right handed vs left handed. One way the data
will be reported is the percentage of participants who are right handed vs left
handed. This measurement would be considered
nominal
left & right are names
- A researcher is investigating threshold shifts in hearing after exposure to loud
sounds. The thresholds will be measured in dB HL. This level of measurement
would be considered:
interval (has order and can tell difference between the order; no true zero)
- A researcher has found the following data:
- 20 25 30 40 25 45 23 25 30
- What is the mode for this data set?
25
occurs most often
A study was conducted comparing an experimental treatment for fluency
disorders to a traditional treatment for fluency disorders. Participants were
randomly placed in treatment group (experimental or traditional). Following
treatment, the experimental group had an average of 2.5 dysfluencies (standard
deviation of 1.7). The traditional group had an average of 5.0 dysfluencies
(standard deviation of 4.0). Which of the following is true:
There was more variability in the traditional group than the experimental group
A study was conducted to determine the relationship between age a child received
a cochlear implant to language age at 10 years of age. A Pearson Product-Moment
Correlation was completed, with the variables being age of implantation and
language age. The investigator is using an alpha level of 0.05. The results found
r = -.60 (p = 0.02). Which of the following is true:
There is a moderate negative relationship between age of implantation and language age
The r is -.6
the negative sign shows its negative
.6 is moderate
A study was conducted to determine the relationship between age a child
received a cochlear implant to language age at 10 years of age. A Pearson
Product-Moment Correlation was completed, with the variables being age of
implantation and language age. The investigator is using an alpha level of 0.05.
The results found r = -.60 (p = 0.02). Which of the following is true:
There is a significant relationship between age of implantation and language age
the study is looking at correlation (focus is relationships NOT differences)
the p of 0.02 is LESS than the alpha of 0.5 so it is significant
A study was being conducted to see if a new noise reduction circuit improves ability to
understand in background noise. Participants were randomly placed into the experimental
group (with new noise reduction circuit) or the non-experimental group (old noise
reduction circuit). Speech recognition scores in noise were obtained for both groups1
month after receiving the hearing aids. The investigator is using α of .05. The speech
recognition scores in noise were 80% (SD of 4.5) in the experimental group and 65% (SD
of 5.8) in the non-experimental group. A t-test was conducted and found t(35) = 10.7, p =
0.03. What is the independent variable?
Noise reduction circuit
- A study was being conducted to see if a new noise reduction circuit improves ability
to understand in background noise. Participants were randomly placed into the
experimental group (with new noise reduction circuit) or the non-experimental
group (old noise reduction circuit). Speech recognition scores in noise were obtained
for both groups1 month after receiving the hearing aids. The investigator is using α of
.05. The speech recognition scores in noise were 80% (SD of 4.5) in the experimental
group and 65% (SD of 5.8) in the non-experimental group. A t-test was conducted
and found t(35) = 10.7, p = 0.03. What is the dependent variable?
speech recognition scores
A study was being conducted to see if a new noise reduction circuit improves ability to
understand in background noise. Participants were randomly placed into the experimental
group (with new noise reduction circuit) or the non-experimental group (old noise
reduction circuit). Speech recognition scores in noise were obtained for both groups1
month after receiving the hearing aids. The investigator is using α of .05. The speech
recognition scores in noise were 80% (SD of 4.5) in the experimental group and 65% (SD
of 5.8) in the non-experimental group. A t-test was conducted and found t(35) = 10.7, p =
0.03. What statistical test was used in this study?
independent sample t test
*comparing 2 things, they were randomly placed, not matched
A study was being conducted to see if a new noise reduction circuit improves ability
to understand in background noise. Participants were randomly placed into the
experimental group (with new noise reduction circuit) or the non-experimental group
(old noise reduction circuit). Speech recognition scores in noise were obtained for
both groups1 month after receiving the hearing aids. The investigator is using α of .05.
The speech recognition scores in noise were 80% (SD of 4.5) in the experimental
group and 65% (SD of 5.8) in the non-experimental group. A t-test was conducted and
found t(35) = 10.7, p = 0.03. Which of the following is true?
The participants with the new noise reduction circuit performed significantly better than the
participants with the old noise reduction circuit.
An investigator is interested in a new treatment for swallowing disorders in young
adults by comparing the new treatment (treatment A) to the established treatment
(treatment B). After therapy, there was a statistically significant improvement in
swallowing for Treatment A as compared to Treatment B. The Cohen’s d effect size
was 0.2. Which of the following is true:
While the results were statistically significant, the effect size was small. As such, you would
look for additional information prior to using treatment A as part of your evidence-based
treatment for swallowing disorders.
