Final Practice

Question 1

Great Flood

Answer 1

• mega ripple asymetrical
• Coulees
• Dry Waterfalls
• Scabland Terrain
• Glacier Dam Deposits
• Beach Cut Terraces

Question 2

Coulee

Answer 2

dry ravine made from running water

Question 3

Why is Quartz a survivor?

Answer 3

• Strong Bonds
• No Cleavages
• No Acid Reaction
• Hardness
• Can’t Rust
• Hardness
• Not Clay
• Stable

Question 4

Bad Soil:

Answer 4

• Sandstone
• Quartz
• Dunite (super mafic)

Question 5

Good Soil:

Answer 5

• Felsic
• Intermediate
• Mafic

Question 6

Protolith of Quartzite

Answer 6

Sandstone

Question 7

Protolith of Marble

Answer 7

Limestone

Question 8

Protolith of Everything Else

Answer 8

Shale

Question 9

Bowens Reaction Series

Answer 9

Mafic-Felsic
Left: Olivine, Pyroxene, Amphibole, Biotite
Right: Calcium-Sodium Rich Plagioclase
Middle: Orthoclase, Muscovite, Quartz

Question 10

Breakdown Speed Locations

Answer 10

Fast V
Hot Springs
Tropical Areas
Temperate
Desert
Polar
Slow Breakdown ^

Question 11

Arkose Sandstone

Answer 11

1/3 each of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mafic

Question 12

Quartzose Sandstone

Answer 12

90% Quartz

Question 13

Greywacke Sandstone

Answer 13

90% Andesite

Question 14

Subduction Earthquake

Answer 14

• 3-5 years

- 9 or above

Question 15

Shallow Earthquake

Answer 15

• 50 years

- 7.5 or above

Question 16

Volcanic Earthquake

Answer 16

• variable

- 7.5

Question 17

Deep Earthquake

Answer 17

• 30 years

- 7.5

Question 18

Oil

Answer 18

1. Source Rock (Organic Rich)
2. Reservoir Rock (Aquifer)
3. Cap Rock (Aquiclude)
4. Anticline
5. Oil Window (5k-50k deep)

Question 19

Half Life

Answer 19

1/2: 0 1 2 3
Parent: 100% 50% 25% 12.5%
Daughter:0% 50% 75% 87.5%

Question 20

Eras of the Earth

Answer 20

Cambrian
Ordovician
Silurian
Devonian
Mississippian
Pennsylvanian
Permian
Traissic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
Tertiary: Paleogene
Tertiary: Neogene
Quaternary

Question 21

Clines

Answer 21

Sincline up

Anticline down

Question 22

Richter Scale

Answer 22

• 1-10
• each point is 10 times larger then the last
• 31.6 times more energy per point

Question 23

Mercalli Intensity Scale

Answer 23

1-12 scale of how an earthquake feels, 1 unfelt, 12 total destruction

Question 24

Grain Size

Answer 24

Boulder: >10.1 in/256mm
Cobble: 2.5/64-boulder
Gravel: 0.079/2-cobble
Sand: 0.0025/62.5-gravel
Silt: 0.00015/3.90625-sand
Clay: less then silt

Question 25

Paleosol

Answer 25

Old soil horizon

Question 26

Provenance

Answer 26

Source Rock

Question 27

Regolith

Answer 27

Weathered, but not transported

Question 28

Sediment

Answer 28

Transported weathered rock

Question 29

Reverse

Answer 29

convergent
v__
–\ ^

Question 30

Normal

Answer 30

Divergent
v__
-/^

Question 31

Aquifer

Answer 31

Facilitates water’s passage

Question 32

Aquiclude

Answer 32

Stops water’s passage

Question 33

Aquitard

Answer 33

Slows water’s passage

Question 34

Discontuity

Answer 34

[[[[[[[[[[[[[

{{{{\/{{{{

Question 35

Angular Unconformity

Answer 35

[[[[[[[[[[[[
/////\\\\\

Question 36

nonconformity

Answer 36

[———[

[~~~~~[

Question 37

Coarse (angular)

Answer 37

coarse, high, angular, rocks, poor, landslides, breccia, angular polygons

Question 38

Coarse (rounded

Answer 38

coarse, high, rounded, rocks, moderate, river channels, conglomerate, ovals

Question 39

Medium

Answer 39

medium, mostly rounded, mostly minerals, well, beaches, sandstone, speckles

Question 40

Fine

Answer 40

Fine, low, rounded, minerals, well, flood plains, shale/siltstone, dashes