Final: PKPD Variability

Question 1

IIV

Answer 1

Interindividual Variability

Question 2

BSV

Answer 2

Between Subject Variability

Question 3

WSV

Answer 3

Within-Subject Variability

Question 4

Nortriptyline Variability

Answer 4

Interpatient Variability: CYP2D6 function varies. [Genetic]

Question 5

Chlordiazepoxide Variability

Answer 5

Interindividual Variability: Metabolized by Liver —> In cirrhosis (clearance decreases)

Question 6

Cefepime Variability

Answer 6

Interindividual —> Metabolized primarily by the liver—> decreased clearance in renal disease.

Question 7

COV of ____ indicates hight variability

Answer 7

> 30%

Question 8

Theophylline Variability

Answer 8

Interindividual
Low Extraction Drug.
Elixir has high IIV.

Question 9

Propranolol Variability

Answer 9

Interindividual
Oral = High Variability
High Extraction Ratio Drug

Question 10

Sources of PD Variability

Answer 10

1. Genes encoding receptor / system affected
2. Genes affecting response to drug.
3. Age
4. Concurrent drugs/disease
5. Environmental factors
6. Error in response measurement

Question 11

Albuterol Variability

Answer 11

Interindividual:

Arg-16 Homozygous—> Higher FEV1

Arg-16 Heterozygous (Gly-16) –> lower FEV1

Same PK**

Question 12

The ____ isomer of warfarin is the active form.

Answer 12

S-isomer.

Question 13

For software-based individualization of warfarin dosing, what is required?

Answer 13

1. Reliable concentration-response relationships to be available.
2. Population PK data needs to be available.
3. Reliable analytical assays.

Question 14

Vancomycin Goal Cp

Answer 14

10-20 mg/mL