FINAL ONE

Question 1

Temporalis muscle’s origin (where it is found), insertion (what it connects to), and it’s action?

Answer 1

Origin is temporal fossa and line (area above ear and next to eye) Insertion is coronoid process of mandible Action is closes and retracts jaw

Question 2

Massester muscle’s origin (where it is found), insertion (what it connects to), and it’s action?

Answer 2

Origin is the zygomatic bone Insertion is the angle and ramus of mandible Action is it closes the jaw

Question 3

Orbicularis Oculi muscle’s origin (where it is found), insertion (what it connects to), and it’s action?

Answer 3

Origin is circular muscle on frontal bone and maxilla Insertion eyelid? Action is it closes the eye

Question 4

Orbicularis oris muscle’s origin (where it is found), insertion (what it connects to), and it’s action?

Answer 4

Origin is circular muscle on maxilla, septum of nose and mandible Insertion is around the lips Action is closes and protrudes lips

Question 5

What is the Longus capitis’s (neck muscle) origin, insertion and action?

Answer 5

C3-C6 Occipital bone anterior to foramen magnum Flexes neck

Question 6

What is the Scalenus’s (neck muscle) origin, insertion and action?

Answer 6

Posterior: Origin is Transverse processes of C4-C6 2nd rib is insertion Middle: C2-C6 is origin 1st rib medial Anterior: Origin is C3-C6 Insertion is 1st rib anterior Action: Together - flexes neck Singulary - rotates neck or lateral flexion (leaning head in one direction)

Question 7

What is the Sternocleidomastoid (neck muscle) origin, insertion and action?

Answer 7

Origin is the manubrium and clavicle as it has 2 heads Insertion is the mastoid process Action - singulary roation and lateral flexion Together - flexion

Question 8

What is the Splenius capitis (neck muscle) origin, insertion and action?

Answer 8

Origin- C7 + T1-T3 Insertion - mastiod process Action - together extends neck Singulary - Rotates and laterally flexes neck (runs down back of neck)

Question 9

What is the Platysma (neck muscle) origin, insertion and action?

Answer 9

Origin - upper fourth of chest Insertion - anterior part of the manubrium Action - depresses manubrium and draws up skin on chest

Question 10

Features of the tibialis anterior muscle?

Answer 10

Origin- Lateral condyle and shaft of tibia Insertion - medial cuneiform (bone of the foot) Action is ankle dorsiflexion and inversion

Question 11

Features of the extensor hallucis longus?

Answer 11

Origin - fibula shaft Insertion is the distal phalnx of great toe Action is toe extension (dorsiflexion)

Question 12

Features of the extensor digtorum longus muscle?

Answer 12

Origin-lateral condyle and shaft of tibia Insertion is the 4 lesser toes Action is toe extension (dorsiflexion)

Question 13

Features of the peronues fibularis longus (in the lateral compartment)?

Answer 13

Origin - shaft of fibula Insertion is base of 5th metatarsal Action is ankle eversion

Question 14

Features of the peronues fibularis Brevis (in the lateral compartment)?

Answer 14

Origin is the shaft of fibula (more distal than the longus) Insertion is the tuberosity of 5th metatarsal Action is ankle eversion

Question 15

Features of the deep muscle tibialis posterior?

Answer 15

Origin is shaft of tibia and fibua Insertion is metatarsals 2-4 Supports longtidudinal arch of foot

Question 16

Features of the deep muscle flexor hallucis longus?

Answer 16

Origin is the shaft of the fibula Insertion Is the Hallux (great toe) Action is plantar flexes hallux (motion towards the floor)

Question 17

Feature of the deep muscle Flexor digitorum longus?

Answer 17

Origin is the shaft of tibia Insertion is the distal phalanges 2-4 (lesser toes) Action is flexion of lesser toes)

Question 18

Features of the deep muscle Popliteus?

Answer 18

Origin is the lateral condyle of femur Insertion is the medial proximal shaft of the the tibia Action is knee flexion and rotation

Question 19

Features of the gastrocnemius muscle in the posterior compartment?

Answer 19

Origin - medial and lateral condyle of femur Insertion is the Calcaneus Action is flexes the knee

Question 20

Features of the soleus muscle in the posterior compartment?

Answer 20

Origin is the tibia soleal line Insertion is the calcaneus Action is plantarflexes the ankle (move towards the floor)

Question 21

Features of the plantaris muscle in the posterior compartment?

Answer 21

Origin is the lateral condyle of the femur Insertion if the calcanues Action is flexes the knee and plantarflexes the foot

Question 22

Features of quadratus plantae? 4 plants

Answer 22

Origin - Calcaneus Insertion - tendon of flexor digitorum longus Action - flexes lesser toes (2-5)

Question 23

For the transverse Abdominis, what’s it origin, insertion and function?

Answer 23

Origin: Iliac crest (top of hip bone) Inguinal ligament (band from the pubic tubercle to the iliac crest) Ribs 7-12 Insertion: Xiphoid process Linear alba (mid section of abs) Function: Compression and supports abdominal organs

Question 24

For the rectus abdominis, what’s it origin, insertion and function?

Answer 24

Origin: Creast of pubis and pubis Insertion: Xiphoid process Ribs 5 to 7 Function: Flexion Compression Lateral flexion

Question 25

For the internal obliques what’s it origin, insertion and function?

Answer 25

Origin: Iliac crest Thoraco-lumbar facia Insertion: Cartilage of ribs 8-12 Linear alba Function: Together=flexion Singular = rotation and lateral flexion on contraction side

Question 26

For the external obliques what’s it origin, insertion and function?

Answer 26

Origin: Ribs 5 to 12 Insertion: Linea alba Iliac crest Inguinal ligament Action: Together = Flexes spine Singularly = rotation

Question 27

Features of the vastus lateralis?

Answer 27

The most lateral of the quadriceps Origin is the greater trochanter at the femur Insertion is the Tibial tuberosity via patella tendon Action is extends the knee

Question 28

Features of the vastus medialis?

Answer 28

The most medial quadricep Origin is the medial lip of the linea aspera (head of femur bone) Insertion is the tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Action is extends the knee

Question 29

Features of the vastus intermedius?

Answer 29

Deepest quadricep Origin is the proximal two-thirds of the anterior surface of the femur Insertion is the tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Action is extends the knee

Question 30

Features of the gluteus medius?

Answer 30

Origin - lateral surface of the ilium Insertions - Greater trochanter of the femur Action - abducts the hip

Question 31

Features of the tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 31

Origin - the Iliac crest Insertion is the Illiotibial tract Action is abducts the hip, and flexes the hip

Question 32

Features of the Piriformis?

Answer 32

Origin is the anterior surface of the sacrum Insertion is this greater trochanter of the femur Action is abducts the hip

Question 33

Features of the sartorius?

Answer 33

Origin is the anterior superior iliac spine Insertion is the tibia Action is abducts the femur and flexes the hip

Question 34

Features of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 34

Origin is posterior superior iliac crest and lots of areas around it Insertion if primarily in fascia latae at the iliotibial band (down the side of your leg) Actions are hip extension

Question 35

Features of the biceps femoris?

Answer 35

It’s the most lateral hamstring and arises from 2 heads Origin: Long head Hip ischial tuberosity Short head: lateral aspect midway down the femur Insertions: Both heads combine into the bekky of muscle which then inserts on the head of the fibula Action - flexes the knee and extends the hip

Question 36

Features of the semitendinosus?

Answer 36

It is the middle hamstring and becomes a long tendon Origin is the Ischial tuberosity of the hip Insertion is the medial aspect of the tibia Flexes the knee and extends the hip

Question 37

Features of the Semimembranosus?

Answer 37

It is the most medial hamstring Origin is the Ischial tuberosity of the hip Insertion is the medial condyle of the tibia Action is it extends the hip and flexes the knee

Question 38

Origin, insertion and motion of the supraspinatus?

Answer 38

Supraspinous fossa Superior facet of greater tubercle External rotation

Question 39

Origin, insertion and motion of the infraspinatus?

Answer 39

Infraspinous fossa Middle faet of greater tubercle External rotation

Question 40

Origin, insertion and motion of the Teres minor?

Answer 40

Superior lateral border of scapula Inferior facet of greater tubercle External rotation

Question 41

Origin, insertion and motion of the teres major?

Answer 41

Inferior lateral border of scapula Lesser tuberosity Internal rotation

Question 42

Origin, insertion and motion of the Subscapularis?

Answer 42

Subscapular fossa Lesser tuberosity Internal rotation

Question 43

Origin, insertion and actions of the pectrolais minor?

Answer 43

Origin ribs 3-5 Insertion coracoid process Action - scapula protraction

Question 44

Origin, insertion and actions of the serratus anterior?

Answer 44

Origin: ribs 1-9 Insertion: medial border of scapula Action: scapula protraction

Question 45

Origin, insertion and actions of the rhomboid major?

Answer 45

Origin - spinous processes of the T2 to T5 vertebrae Insertion - medial border of the scapula Action - Keep the scapula pressed against the thoracic wall and retract the scapula toward the vertebral column

Question 46

Origin, insertion and actions of the rhomboid minor?

Answer 46

Origin - C7-T1 Insertion - medial border of the scapula Action - Keep the scapula pressed against the thoracic wall and retract the scapula toward the vertebral column

Question 47

Origin, insertion and actions of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 47

Origin - occipital bone at the base of skull Insertion - spine of the scapula Action – support the shoulders and limbs and the rotation of the scapula necessary to raise the arms above shoulder level

Question 48

Features of the deltoid (shoulder muscle)?

Answer 48

There is the deltoid anterior, middle and posterior Origin is lateral third of clavicle and the spineof scapula Insertion is deltoid tuberosity of humerus, Anterior part flexes and medially rotates arm Middle part: abducts arm Posterior part: extends and laterally rotates arm

Question 49

Features of the coracobrachialis muslcle?

Answer 49

Origin is the coracoid process of the scapula Insertion is the medial shaft of the humerus Action is adducts shoulder Flexes shoulder

Question 50

Features of the Latissimus dorsi?

Answer 50

Origins: Spinous processes of T6-T12 Lumbar and sacral vertebrae Iliac crest Insertion is the tubercular groove of humerus Actions- Extends Medial rotates adducts

Question 51

Fearures of the pectoralis major?

Answer 51

Origin- clavicular head, and sternocostal head Insertion is lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus Action is adducts and medially rotates humerus

Question 52

Heart model?

Answer 52

Blood enters via superior vena cava (on top of right atrium) and the inferior vena cava (at the bottom of the right atrium) both blue Sac on the outside of right atrium is the right auricle, sulci are the grooves of the heart Fossa ovalis, which is a thin fibrous sheet that covered the formamen ovule (hole in heart, blood doesn’t need to go to lung during fetal development) Blood goes through tricuspid valve, controlled by chordae tendineae which is connected to papillary muscle which is connected to heart wall, when taut blood can’t get through Then blood goes into right ventricle, and then through the pulmonary semi lunar valve, and then the pulmonary artery (splits off into 2) blue Goes to lungs Comes back through left and right superior and inferior pulmonary veins (red) (thing that splits in 4 at back) into the left atrium Then goes through bicuspid valve into left ventricle Then through the aortic valve into the aorta (massive red tube at top with 2 tubes coming off it)