Final Ob3 Flashcards
When do we do amniocentesis to assess for chromosomal abnormalities?
Amniocentesis is done to assess for chromosomal abnormalities when indicated.
What is the AFP test and when is it done?
The AFP test is done at 16-18 weeks. If levels are high, it indicates a neural tube defect; if levels are low, it indicates Down syndrome.
What are the RH Rhogam rules?
Rhogam is given to Rh-negative mothers to prevent Rh incompatibility.
How many times is Rhogam given during pregnancy?
Rhogam is typically given twice during pregnancy.
What is less than 500 ml of amniotic fluid called?
Oligohydramnios.
What can persistent vomiting lead to?
Persistent vomiting can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and weight loss.
What is the normal temperature of a pregnant woman?
The normal temperature of a pregnant woman is typically around 98.6°F (37°C).
What are complications of amniocentesis?
Complications can include infection, leakage of amniotic fluid, and miscarriage.
What fluids do we run with TPN?
TPN is typically run with dextrose and electrolytes.
How many pads is normal after an abortion?
It is normal to use 1-2 pads per day after an abortion.
How often do we change the pad after an abortion?
Pads should be changed every 4-6 hours or as needed.
What is the classic sign of ectopic pregnancy?
The classic sign of ectopic pregnancy is unilateral abdominal pain.
How many liters of water should you drink before an ultrasound in the first trimester?
You should drink 1-2 liters of water before the ultrasound.
What is the drug of choice for ectopic pregnancy?
Methotrexate is the drug of choice for ectopic pregnancy.
What is the biggest risk with a pregnancy mole (throboblast)?
The biggest risk is the potential for choriocarcinoma. Teach the patient about monitoring hCG levels.
What is placenta previa?
Placenta previa is when the placenta covers the cervix. The blood will be bright red, there will be no pain, and the abdomen will be soft.
If someone has total placenta previa, what will have to be done?
A cesarean section will be necessary.
What is placenta abrupto?
Placenta abrupto is the premature separation of the placenta. The blood will be dark red, there will be pain, and the abdomen will be hard.
What three symptoms are needed for PIH?
The three symptoms are hypertension, proteinuria, and edema.
What medication is used for preeclampsia to treat hypertension?
Labetalol is commonly used to treat hypertension in preeclampsia.
What are the increases in BP needed to diagnose preeclampsia?
Blood pressure must increase to 140/90 mmHg or higher.
What does HELLP stand for?
HELLP stands for Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets.
When do the lungs mature in the fetus?
The lungs mature around 34-36 weeks of gestation.
If the baby is below 34 weeks, what should you give prior to removal from preeclampsia?
Steroids should be given 2 times.
What is the therapeutic range for magnesium sulfate?
The therapeutic range for magnesium sulfate is 4-7 mg/dL.
What are signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity?
Signs of toxicity include respiratory depression, decreased reflexes, and cardiac arrest.
What are two uses for magnesium?
Magnesium is used for seizure prevention in preeclampsia and for tocolysis.
How often do we test magnesium levels?
Magnesium levels should be tested every 6 hours.
What is the antidote for magnesium sulfate?
Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate.
Why do we give magnesium sulfate in someone with severe preeclampsia?
Magnesium sulfate is given to prevent seizures.
What two medications are used to lower blood pressure?
Labetalol and hydralazine are used to lower blood pressure.
What condition should you not give labetalol?
Labetalol should not be given to patients with asthma.
What pre-existing medical condition has the highest risk in pregnancy?
Diabetes has the highest risk in pregnancy.
What is a normal weight for a baby at birth?
A normal weight for a baby at birth is 5.5 to 8.8 pounds.
Anything above 9 pounds in a baby is called what?
Macrosomia.
What is the normal blood sugar in a baby?
The normal blood sugar in a baby is 40-60 mg/dL.
Rubella should be given postpartum if the titer is what ratio?
Rubella should be given if the titer is less than 1:8.
What is the drug of choice for HIV in pregnancy?
Zidovudine is the drug of choice for HIV in pregnancy.
Can a mother with HIV breastfeed a baby?
No, a mother with HIV should not breastfeed.
What are 3 complications of Group B strep (GBS)?
Complications include sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis.
What is GBS treated with?
GBS is treated with intravenous antibiotics during labor.
Anytime membranes rupture, what is the first thing you should do?
Check fetal heart rate.
How many fetal movements do you want?
You want to feel at least 10 fetal movements in 2 hours.
When should you notify the RN about contractions?
Notify the RN if contractions are regular, last longer than 1 minute, or occur more frequently than every 5 minutes.
A contraction should never last longer than what?
A contraction should never last longer than 90 seconds.
How long should contractions be?
Contractions should last 30-60 seconds.
How long for the posterior fontanelle to close?
The posterior fontanelle typically closes by 2-3 months.
How long for the anterior fontanelle to close?
The anterior fontanelle typically closes by 12-18 months.
How to confirm ruptured membranes?
Ruptured membranes can be confirmed by a nitrazine test or visualization of amniotic fluid.
What are the 3 hormones of pregnancy?
The three hormones are hCG, progesterone, and estrogen.
