Final NSG 219 Flashcards by Sydney Book

what is the clinical marker for cushings syndrome?

Moon face
Truncal obeisty
stria on abdomen

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what is the onset and peak for rapid insulins?

onset: <15 min
peak: 60-90 min
Humalog, Novalog, apidra

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what is the onset and peak for short insulins?

Onset:30-60 min
Peak: 2-5 hour
Regular, Humulin, Novalin

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what is the onset and peak for intermediate insulin?

onset: 1-2.5 hr
peak: 4-12 hr
NPH, Lente

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what is the onset and peak for long insulin?

onset:1-3hr
peak: no peak
Lantus, levemir

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what is the exoecred inital diet for IBD?

NPO for bowel rest

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what anti-constipation med should a client eith a high BUN/creatnine not take?

Milk of MAG

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what is severe hyperthyroidism called?

thyroid storm

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what type of carcinoma is a firm nodule with distinct borders, scaling, and ukceration?

Squamous cell

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what type of carcinoma is small, slowly enlarging papule with pearly borders and erosion, ulceration, and depression in center?

Basal cell

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what hormone is responsible for increased water resbasorption and urine concentration?

ADH

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a client complains of a globus sensation, dyspepsia, regurgitation, and pyrosis. what diagnosis do you expect?

GERD

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what are the signs and symptoms of HHS?

change in LOC
Neuro symptoms that resemble a stroke
BS>600
Hyperosmolarity >350
No ketones
dehydration
Increased HR, decreased BP

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what is the hallmark sign for kidney stones/ nephroliasis?

Pain (unable to be still/pacing/ squirming
sudden, severe, sharp flank pain
renal colic
Hematuria and N/V

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a client complains of comiting 15 times over the last 24 hours. What would ecpect an ABG to show?

metabolic alkalosis

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Normal potassium level?

3.5-5

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Normal sodium level?

135-145

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The female nurse needs to take extra precaution and ensure she is wearing gloves when administering which PO medication?

Finerasteride (Proscar)

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what diagnostic studies would helo confirm a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism?

Increased PTH and calcium
Decreased phosphorous
DEXA shows decreased bone density
CT/MRI or US show adenoma

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what are the drug classifications for constipation?

Bulk forminfg
emollient
hyperosmotic
saline
stimulant

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what are the causes of pre-renal AKI?

trauma
heart failure
dehydration
shock

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what are the causes of intrarenal AKI?

interstitual pyelonephritis
golmerulonephritis
drug toxicitiy
nephrosis
ischemia

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what are the causes of postrenal AKI?

BPH
prostate cancer
cervical cancer
kidney stone
chronic phimosis

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what are the 3 burn healing phases?

Emergent (resuscitative)
Acute (wound healing)
Rehabilitative (restorative)

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what is desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), and what condition does it treat?

It increases tubular resbsorption of water and it is used to treat DI

what medications do you hold the morning of dialysis?

Blood pressure meds ATB Insulins that are not rapid or short

your patient developsa sudden sharp pain in the high epigastric region with a rigid board like abdomen. what ulcer complications does this describe?

perforation of a gastric ulcer

what is the magnesium level?

1.5-2.0

what is the normal phosphorous level?

3.0-4.5

what is an important teaching when taking Psyllium (metamucil)?

take with at least 8oz of water

what is the die for hyperparathyroidism?

high in fluid and fiber moderate in calcium

cirrhosis patient need a diet low in?

protein and sodium

fluid and electrolyte imbalences are common for immediate post of for?

illeostomy

what is the medical term for a sensation of a lump, retained food bolus, or tightness in the throat?

Globus sensation

gastritits can be a common cause of which vitamin defiencency?

B12

a patient with sever diarrhea is at risk for which electrolyte imbalence?

Hyponatreamia Hypokalemia Hypomagnesemia

what is the normal calcium level?

8.5-10.5

your pateint needs benadryl to relieve pruritis caused from cirrhosis. You know that pruritis is caused from an increases in what lab level?

Billirubin

what do PPI do?

decreases secretion of gastirc acid by stomach

which hepatitis could be transmitted through a blood transfusion, expesically before the 1980?

B and C

the medication that decreases the amount of ammonia in the body through a laxative effect for a cirrhosis pateint is?

lactulose (cephulac)

what is the fluid volume disorder with JVD, bounding pulse and tachycardia?

Fluid volume overload

what are the signs of fluid volume deficit?

dry membranes poor skin turgor rapid/weak/ thready pulse hypotension dizziness weight lodd sunken eyes

esophageal strictures can be a result of what chronic upper GI condition?

GERD

what are the complications of GERD?

esophageal strictires Barretts esophagus esophagitis

what are the pre op orders for an EGD?

NPO 8 hours before start IV IV NS give routine daily meds Hold rapid insulins since pt is not eating FSBS

when should an ostomy bag be changed?

1/3 full

what are the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism?

Lethargy and fatigue muscle weakness and paresthesia intolerance to cold dry skin, loss of body hair bradycardia constipation cardiac enlargement menstrual distrubances

what type of esophagitis is caused by an allergic reaction?

Esonophilic esophagitis

what is the difference between somagyi and dawn phenominon?

Somagyi: high BS in AM with Low BS at night - increase bedtime snack, decrease insulin Dawn: high BS in AM with high BS at night - decrease bedtime snack, increase bedtime insulin

what does good pasture syndrome lead to?

auto immune glomerulonephritis

what are the PPI’s?

Dexlansoprazole (dexilant) esometprazole (nexium) lansoprazole (prevacid) emeprazole (prilosec) Zegrid pantoprazole (protonix) rabeprazole (aciphex)

what is the most common sife effect of pyriudum?

orange urine

what are the signs/symptoms of DI?

Increased: UOP, sodium, osmolarity, hematocrit, HR and thirst Decreased: gravity and BP

why is an NG tube placed for someone with pancreatitis?

To decrease pancreatic stimulation (rest the pancreas) decrease N/V

what are the signs and symptoms of DKA?

BS 400-600 osmotic diuresis (polyuria) dehyrdation loss of electrolytes N/V abdominal pain kussmauls respirations (fruity smell) metabolic acidosis

what is the CKD diet?

Low: potassium, protein, sodium, phosphoros and fluid increase: calcium

what is the appropraite communication rechnique when calling a physician

SBAR Situation: Background: Assessment: recommendation:

what are the abdominal surgery complications?

1. DVT: give heparin ot Lovenox 2. Gas pain: encourage walking 3. Constipation: encourage fluids, ambulation, and avoid opiods 4. iileus: encourage fluids, ambulation, and avoid opiods 5. urinary retention: post void resdiual 6. hemmorage: monitor VS, abdominal assesments and dressing changes

what are the drugs classifications for IBD?

AMinosalicylates antimicrobals corticosteroids, immunosuppresants biological targeted therapy

SIADH

Fluid overload/ Hyponatremia Decreased UOP Wright gain w/o edema HTN, tachycardia, Decreased osmolaritty Concentrated urine Increased gravity

what type of hepatitis is most linked to IV drug use and has been associated with outbreaks amoung HIV and men?

hep C

what hepatitis has a vaccine?

hep A and B

which hepatitis has a fecor oral route transmission?

hep A and E

which hepatitis is a defective virus?

hep D

what is the difference in appearance between type 1 and type 2 diabetes

type 1 is normally thin while type 2 is overweight

what are the risk factors for testicular cancer?

undescended testes, family hx, orchitits, HIV, maternal exposure to exogenous estrogen

a client comes into the ED c/o abd pain and has a hx of pancreatitis. what enzymes wpuld the nurse expect to be tested?

amylase and lipase

how many ml is 1 oz?

30ml

What can develop after bariatric surgery?

Dumping syndrome

What is the diet instructions after bariatric surgery?

Eat small multiple meals to prevent N/V and dumping syndrome

What can a pt develop after bariatric surgery?

B12 deficiency and hypocalcemia

What are the signs of hypovolemic shock?

Hypotension Weak threads pulse with tachycardia Anxiety/agitation Cool clammy skin Confused Decreased to no UOP Pallor Rapid breathing Sweating moist skin LOC

What is done in the emergent phase of burn management?

IV LR Treatment for hyponatreamia and hyperkalemia Pain management

When does wound care start in burn management?

Only after fluid replacement and airway is complete

What is done in the acute phase of burn management?

Wound care/debridment Prevent infection Nutrition therapy Pain management

What happens with a sudden withdraw from coritosteroid therapy?

Addisonian crisis

What is the form of stool for a colostomy?

More formed