Final NOTES Flashcards
Questioning of a person believed to possess information which is relevant to the investigation of a crime.
Interview
Golden rule of Interview
Never Conduct or let anyone conduct an interview if the interviewer has not gone to the crime scene.
Development of intimacy between interviewer and interviewee.
Rapport
Winning the confidence of a person being interviewed.
Rapport
Appearance of the interviewer and other qualities such as skills of communication techniques and the force of his languagr.
Forceful Personality
Ability of the interviewer to determine the personality and intelligence of his subject.
Knowledge of human behavior
Going down or up to the level where he can understand his subject.
Knowledge of human behavior
His voice must not confrontational as in Interrogation.
Conversational tone of voice
His preliminary probing question should be aimed to establish common interest between him and the subject.
Common interest
Possess the qualities of a salesman and psychologist and know how to use the power of persuasion.
Acting qualities
Must be courteous, sympathetic, and humble, ready to ask apologies.
Humility
Witness that lacks the courage to face the suspect, conpany or relatives.
Fear of reprisal
Witness that has hatred due to the previous bad experience of law enforcer.
Hatred against the police
Witness that may be an acquaintance, friend, helper or benefactor of the suspect.
Bias of the witness
Witnesses who are shy and they shun publicity that will bring discomfort to their ordinary life.
Avoidance of publicity
Famous families and respected families preserving their reputations.
Family restriction
Religious or racial, tribal or ethnic indifference.
Bigotry
Stage where the investigator should review the facts at the crime scene.
Preparation
Stages where the investigator doing a background data of his subject.
Preparation
This is being done by preliminary or exploratory questions to clear the atmosphere.
Warming up
Stages where the subject is asked to narrate his account without interruption, intervention or interference.
Cognitive interview
Avoid multiple, complex and legalistic questions.
One question at a time
Nod of the hod or any other gestures or body language as a response to the question should be avoided.
Avoid Implied answers
Short and easy questions at a time is reauired.
Simplicity of questions
Do not ask questions which could be answered yes or no.
Yes and No answers
A reluctant type of witnesses and are uneducated and of low level of intelligence.
Know nothing type
Uncooperative and indifferent type of witness.
Disinterested type
Witness who are suspicious to the motive and actions of the investigator.
Suspicious type
Witnesses who are prone to exaggerate, adding irrelevant matters to their narrations.
Talkative type
Truthful and cooperative type of witnesses.
Honest witnesses
Liar type of witnesses
Deceitful witness
Shy type of witnesses
Timid witness
Witnesses that are Most difficult to deal with due to the trauma, shock, fear, hatred, and others.
Refusal to talk witnesses
All complaints and testimonies of witnesses are subjected to the crucible of truth.
Statement analysis
One of the most important steps in investigayive interviewing.
Planning and Preparation
Is a process of getting ready to interview, both mentally and strategically.
Planning
It covers what needs to be ready prior to the interview such as the location of the interview, the environment, as well as technical and administrative matters.
Preparation
Introduction and building rapport is the first step to encouraging a conversation.
Engage
It is one of the most difficult but most interesting phases of criminal investigation and detection.
Interrogation
It is the confrontational battle of wits between the investigator and the suspect.
Interrogation
It is a mental combat where weapon is intelligence and the use of the art.
Interrogation
It is the skillful questioning of a hosyile person suspected of having committed an offense.
Interrogation
It denotes the investigation conducted by the investigator on the suspect who is under his custody.
Custodial interrogation
Refers to the interrogator keep himself aware on the situation and he must observe and analyze the interogee without his Knowledge.
Planning qnd preparation
In this step, the interrogator should keep in mind to gain rapport with the subject.
Approach
Considered as the heart of interrogation.
Questioning
Refers to the end of the interrogation process, and should be end in a friendly manner.
Termination
Refers to place in document the result of the interrogation, in this process it is advisable to tape record all conversation.
Recording
This is the end product of the interrogation.
Reporting
A technique where the investigator, combining his skills in of an actor and a psychologist.
Emotional approach
This approach is applicable to first time offenders.
Emotional approach
The investigator, in his preliminary or probing questions must dig deep into the past troubles, plight and unfortunate events in the life of the suspect.
Sympathetic approach
The simplest technique is to assure that the suspect will confess if he is treated in a kind and friendly manner.
Kindness/friendliness
Coupled with posture of sincerity may induce the suspect to confess.
Friendly approach
The investigator indicates he does not consider his subject’s indiscretion a grave offense.
Extenuation
A method where the First set of investigator is mean and other investigators are trying to stop the mean investigator.
Mutt and jeff or sweet and soir method
Investigators bluffs the suspect that even if he will not confess, there is enoguh evidence to send him to jail.
The pretense of solid evidence against the accused
Investigators will tell to the weakest group member that the other member already confessed to their crime and told that the weakest group has the most share in committing the crime.
Weakest link
The weakest link used to fake pain and the agony by ordering him to shout.
Drama
They tricked the suspects by telling to him that they had gone to the family members of the suspect .
Feigning contact with family members
Assigning witnesses to point the suspect to several crimes until the suspect confess to only the crime he committed.
Reverse line up
The investigators selects the right time to shout a pertinent question in an apparent righteous outrage.
Jolting
Suspect will be interrogated with the same ethnic or cultural group.
Removing the ethnic or cultural barrier
It is the use of reasons which is acceptable to the subject that led to the commission of the crime.
Rationalization
It is the Process of putting the blame to another person, not alone to the suspect.
Projection
The investigator convinces the suspect to confess and receive a minimum penalty.
Minimization
It is the act of minimizing the culpability of the suspect.
Minimization
Refers to an act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental.
Torture
Is a form of treatment or punishment inflicted by a agent or person in authority that causes severe pain.
Physical torture
An act committed by person or agent in person’s authority which are calculated to affect or confuse the mind and/or undermine a person’s dignity and morale.
Mental/psychological torture
The suspect is forced to maintain painful physical positions such as forced standing and other for prolonged periods of time.
Stress positions
Suspect is subjected to forceful physical contact, either directly or through an instrument.
Beating
Subject is exposed for prolonged periods to extreme heat or extreme cold.
Temperature manipulation
Subject is strapped down immobilized while pouring some water over the face.
Waterboarding
Subject is threatened that if he fails to cooperate they will harm they’re relatives.
Threats of harm to person, family or friends.
Prisoner is deprived of normal sleep for extended periods.
Sleep deprivation
Prisoner is exposed to bright lights and/or loud sounds.
Sensory bombardment
Subject is being forcefully shaken.
Violent shaking
Subject is denied to contact with other human beings.
Prolonged Isolation
The person is subjected to reduction or removal of stimuli from one or more of the senses for prolonged periods.
Sensory deprivation
An act penalizing torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment and prescribing penalties.
Republic Act No. 9745
What is R.A NO. 9745?
Anti-Torture Act of 2009
