Final Notes

Question 1

Describe Petrels beak

Answer 1

Short, heavy and hooked for tearing

Question 2

Describe a Razorbill beak

Answer 2

Streamlined for diving

Question 3

Tern beak

Answer 3

Straight and narrow, for eating things whole

Question 4

Skimmers beak

Answer 4

Lower beak longer than upper. Allows eating while flying

Question 5

What are pinnipeds?

Answer 5

Seals, sea lions and walrus or animals that flippers but have to rest on land

Question 6

What are cetaceans?

Answer 6

Whales dolphins and porpoises. They spend their whole life in the water

Question 7

Abiotic vs biotic

Answer 7

Abiotic is the non living part of the environment. (salinity, bottom type)

Biotic is the living part of the environment

Question 8

Commensal relationship

Answer 8

Is when one species benefits without effecting the other one at all

Question 9

Parasitic relationship

Answer 9

Is when one species benefits at the expense of the other

Question 10

Mutual relationship

Answer 10

Is when both species benefit

Question 11

Benthic organisms

Answer 11

Live on or buried on the bottom

Question 12

Pelagic organisms

Answer 12

Live up in the water column away from the bottom

Question 13

Plankton organisms

Answer 13

Live at or close to the surface

Question 14

Water loss

Answer 14

The problem of marine organisms drying out. To protect for this intertidal organisms must hide or clam up

Question 15

Name the types of estuarine

Answer 15

Open water 
Mudflats 
Salt marshes 
Mangrove forests 
Oyster reefs

Question 16

Characteristics of soft bottom community’s

Answer 16

Sandy and muddy substrates

Animals in on top and buried in the sand

Question 17

Fringing reefs

Answer 17

The most common reef

Can form wherever there is a hard bottom

Question 18

Barrier reefs

Answer 18

Father from shore than fringing reefs

They create lagoons

Question 19

Atolls

Answer 19

A ring of reef surrounding a central lagoon

Question 20

The phytoplankton

Answer 20

Single celled or simple chains of cells

Perform most of the photosynthesis in the sea

Question 21

Adaptations of Midwater animals

Answer 21

Large mouth and big teeth

Most do not have swim bladder to conserve energy. Instead they soft bones and spines to make them buoyant

Question 22

Draws back of aquaculture

Answer 22

It’s Expensive so some fish are not farmed because it’s not profitable

It’s also can create pollution

Fish don’t grow as big

Question 23

Human impact on coral

Answer 23

Trawing nets damage reefs

High levels of sediment