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Final Mega Review Flashcards

1
Q

TART Changes

A

Tissue Texture Changes Asymmetry Restriction of Motion Tenderness

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2
Q

AT Still Flung the Banner of Osteopathy

A

1874

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3
Q

AT Still Born

A

1828

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4
Q

AT Still Died

A

1917

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5
Q

First Osteopathic Medical School Started in

A

1892

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6
Q

Vermont First State to License DO

A

1896

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7
Q

Loss Of California

A

1962

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8
Q

5 Classic Osteopathic Methods

A

Biomechanical Structure Respiratory-Circulatory Metabolic-Nutrional Neurological Behavioral-Biopsychosocial

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9
Q

Physiological Barrier

A

the barrier that the patient can actively move to

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10
Q

Anatomic Barrier

A

the barrier that the physician can take the pt to

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11
Q

Gross Motion about the Saggital Plane? Pivot?

A

Flexion/Extension Pivot: horizontal plane

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12
Q

Gross Motion about Horizontal Plane (Transverse)? Pivot?

A

rotation, vertical axis

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13
Q

Gross Motion about the Coronal Plane? Pivot?

A

sidebending, AP axis

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14
Q

Signs of Acute Tart Changes? Temp? Skin Texture/Moisture? Tension? Tenderness? Edema? Erythema Test?

A

Increased Temp Increased Moisture Cardboard hard Sharp Pain Increased Edema Increased Redness

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15
Q

Signs of Chronic Tart Changes? Temp? Skin Moisture/Text? Tension? Tenderness? Edema? Erythema Test?

A

possible decrease in temp decreased moisture, dry string-like dull achy no edema, blanching no redness

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16
Q

4 Purposes of Fascia

A

Protection, Packaging, Passageways, Posture

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17
Q

Fryette’s 1st Principle

A

spinal in neutral position rotation and sidebending will be in opposite directions

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18
Q

Fryette’s 2nd Principle

A

spine in nonneutral position rotation and sidebending will be in same direction

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19
Q

Fryette’s 3rd Principle

A

motion in one plane will affect motion in another

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20
Q

Facet Orientation

A

Cervical: BUM Thoracic: BUL Lumbar: BM back, up, lateral, medial

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21
Q

Muscle Energy Acts on…

A

Golgi tendon Organ, causing inhibition of the muscle and therefore, muscle relaxation

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22
Q

Counterstrain works by…

A

stretching the muscle spindle during contraction causing the relaxing of the muscle

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23
Q

Who invented muscle energy?

A

Fred Mitchell DO

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24
Q

Counterstrain involves…

A

myofascial tenderpoints and spontaneous tissue release

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25
Who developed counterstrain?
Lawrence Jones, DO
26
Myofascial release Direct or Indirect? Passive or Active?
Direct and Indirect? Passive: performed by physician
27
Direct vs Indirect? Passive or Active?
Direct: go into barrier Indirect: move away from barrier Active: patient performs motions Passive: doc performs motions
28
Counterstrain Direct or Indirect? Active or passive?
Indirect/passive
29
Muscle Energy Direct or Indirect? Active or passive?
Direct/active
30
HVLA Direct or Indirect? Active or passive?
direct, passive
31
Treating Chapman Points
direct and passive
32
Ant. Scalene insertion? fxn?
rib 1, pump handle
33
Middle Scalene insertion? fxn?
rib 1, bucket handle
34
Posterior Scalene insertion? fxn?
rib 2, pump handle
35
Joints of Luschka Purpose? Formed by? AKA?
prevents the cervical vertebra from sliding backwards uncinate processes of C3-C7 uncovertebral joints
36
OA Primary Motion? Somatic Dysfunction?
flexion and extension Type I mechanics: rotation and sidebending to opposite sides
37
Relationship between translation and sidebending? OA
Sidebending is opposite of the side that the vertebra translates to
38
What does the deep sulcus (OA) tell you?
the deeper sulcus is the side the OA is rotated to
39
HVLA setup for OA
only based on rotational component however make sure to diagnose completely, to include flexion and extension in addition to sidebending
40
ME Setup for OA
involves all three planes: rotation, sidebending, flex/ext reverse the diagnosis
41
AA motion? Diagnose
pure rotation, flex the head slightly
42
C3-C7 Rotation/Sidebending Movement
Type II Mechanics: Rot + SB same side
43
Primary Motion of C3-C7 in flexion? Exten?
In flexion: rotation In extension: sidebending
44
What is the rule of 3s?
T1-T3 spinous processes are inline with the transverse processes T4-T6 spinous processes are half way between respective and lower vertebral transverse process T7-T9 spinous process are at the level of the lower vertebral transverse processes T10: same as T7-T9 T11: same as T4-T6 T12: same as T1-T3
45
Anatomical Mark of the Spine of the Scapula
T3
46
Inferior Angle of the Scapula
T7
47
Sternal Notch
T2
48
Sternal Angle (Angle of Louis)
T4
49
Iliac Crest
L4
50
Main motion of the Thoracic Spine
Rotation
51
Which ribs are atypical? Typical?
Atypical: 1, 2, 11, 12 (10 possible) Typical: 3-10 (10 possible)
52
Why is Rib 1 atypical?
only articulates with T1
53
Why is Rib 2 atypical?
large tuberosity for the serratus anterior
54
Why are ribs 11 and 12 atypical?
11 and 12 only articulate with their respective vertebra
55
Which ribs are true, floating, false?
True: 1-7 False: 7-12 (not connected directly to the sternum) Floating: 11-12
56
Primary Motion of Ribs 1-5
Pump Handle
57
Primary Motion of Ribs 6-10
bucket handle
58
Primary Motion of Ribs 11/12
calipher motion
59
What is an inhalation dysfunction?
ribs become even in inhalation during exhalation one rib sticks up
60
Exhalation Dysfunction
ribs are even during exhalation during inhalation the rib does not rise (depressed)
61
Key Rib
BITE For inhalation dysfunction treat the bottom rib For exhalation dysfunctions treat the top rib
62
ME for Inhalation Dysfunction for First Rib SB/Rot?
use MCP Joint Sidebend towards dysfunction rotate away
63
Inhalation SD 1-5
knee on opposite side sidebend towards from dys side
64
Inhalation SD 6-10
stand of the dysfunctional side sidebend the patient towards you place middle finger and thumb above the affected rib
65
Inhalation SD Ribs 11/12
Stand opposite to the dysfunction make a smile face to relax musculature Grab ASIS w/ caudad hand, push down w/ Cephalad hand Push down and out on 11th Rib
66
How to to treat pump handle motion of 1st rib with exhalation SD?
Pt places their hand on their forehead they try to lift their head, head is straight Pt resists the force of the Doc
67
Treatment of Bucket Handlle Motion of the 1st Rib with exhalation SD Muscle Engaged?
Pt turns their head away from the side of dysfunction places hand on their head resists the force of the doc middle scalene
68
Exhal SD for 2-5 Muscle Used? Turn Head away?
Pec. Minor Hand Not on forehead, held in mid air above face
69
Exhal SD Ribs 6-10? Muscle Utilized?
Serratus Anterior Lift arm and 45 degrees from the midline and resist the force of the doc
70
Exhalation SD 6-10 Muscle Activated?
Doc stands opp to affected side SB away from affected side Activates the QL Grab ASIS and push down and out on RIb 11
71
OMT Definition
therapeutic use of ahnds to restore structure and function
72
Why is disc hernation more likely to occur in the lumbar spine?
The posterior longitudinal ligament becomes more narrow, almost 50% of original size
73
Major Motion of the Lumbar Spine
flexion and extension
74
What is a herniated nucleus pulpous? Location?
the herniated disc impinges on the nerve root causes low back/leg pain L4/L5 and L5/S1
75
Psoas Syndrome Caused by? Sx? Test?
shortening of the Psoas Muscle low back pain, can radiate to groin positive Thomas Test
76
Sx of Spinal Stenosis? Worsened by?
low back pain/leg pain worse in extenion /physical activity
77
Spondylolisthesis
anterior displacement of the vertebra pain in the low back, posterior thigh
78
Spondylolysis? X-Ray?
damage to the pars collar of the scotty dog
79
Cauda Equina Syndrome
compression of the cauda equina sharp low back pain, loss of lower reflexes, loss of bowel movement
80
Nomenclature of Scoliosis
named for the convexity
81
Common Humeral Dislocation
Anteriorly and Inferiorly
82
Winging of the Scapula
Long Thoracic Nerve Injury which causes weakining of the serratus Anterior
83
Most Common nerve damaged in the Upper Extremity
Radial Nerve Damage, saturday night palsy, humeral fracture
84
Radial Head Movement Acronym
SAPP supination radial head moves anteriorly pronation head moves posteriorly
85
PEED Treatment
Posterior Fibular Head Movement, Externally Rotate, Evert, Dorsiflex
86
Q Angle Normal? Valgus vs varus?
Lines between Tibial Tubercle and Patella Asis and Patella Valgus: legs are more out laterally Varum: legs are closer together 10-12 Degrees
87
Nerve that is located behind the fibular head?
Common Peroneal Nerve
88
Is the ankle more stable in plantarflexion or dorsiflexion?
dorsiflexion (there isn't as much movement)
89
Three Ligaments that Stabilize the Ankle
Ant. Talofibular, Post. Talofibular, Calcaneofibular

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