Final MCQ

Question 1

Minimalist Democracy

Answer 1

(Schumpeter 1942, Przeworski 1991)
“[Democracy is] that institutional arrangement for arriving at a political decision in which individuals acquire the power to decide by means of a COMPETITIVE STRUGGLE FOR THE PEOPLE’S VOTE.”

Question 2

Anti-Federalists

Answer 2

Wanted an extreme form of federalism-a confederation-in which sovereignty lies with the sub-territories and the national government only has the power that it is given by the sub-territories

Question 3

What happens to the bureaucracy when the political party in power changes (i.e. from a Republican presidency to a Democratic one, or vice-versa)?

Answer 3

The heads of departments CHANGE, but the civil servants in the department KEEP THEIR JOBS

Question 4

The most powerful Senate leader

Answer 4

The majority leader of the Senate

Question 5

Infractions

Answer 5

Least serious type of crime, and the penalty is usually a fine (not jail time)

Question 6

Felonies

Answer 6

The MOST serious type of crime, and they usually involve significant physical harm (or threat of harm).

Question 7

Infractions

Answer 7

Crimes that are serious but not to the extent of being indictable.

Question 8

Diagnostic framing

Answer 8

A shared understanding of a condition that needs to change, as well as who or what is responsible for that condition.

Question 9

Prognostic framing

Answer 9

A shared understanding of what a better, alternate condition would look like, and what needs to happen to achieve that outcome.

Question 10

Motivational framing

Answer 10

A type of framing that conveys a sense of urgency; why supporters should act now to bring about the desire outcome.

Question 11

Rules in Congress

Answer 11

1) It is easier to change rules in the House than the Senate
2) The rules in the House change more frequently than those in the Senate

Question 12

Which theory of collective action would best describe the rise of the BLM movement, particularly during the summer of 2020?

Answer 12

Resource mobilization theory

Question 13

The ____ Caucus’ members are Republicans on the far right who were elected largely due to their willingness to block the legislative efforts of Democrats

Answer 13

Freedom

Question 14

Procedural minimum

Answer 14

(Dahl 1971)
Democracy includes four elements that refer to elections
1) They must exist
2) They must be free and fair
3) All adult citizens must have the right to vote
4) All adult citizens must have right to run for office
Democracy also includes three elements that refer to civil liberties
1) Freedom of expression
2) Access to information
3) Right to associate with other people in groups

Question 15

Egalitarian

Answer 15

(Coppedge 2023)
Meets all the conditions presented in the expanded procedural minimum definition, but that all social groups must be able to participate equally in the political arena.

Question 16

What distinguishes Enlightenment political philosophy from Calvinism in the 18th century?

Answer 16

Humans have inherent rights because they are human.

Question 17

In the Senate, it is possible to change how precedent is interpreted in terms of how rules are applied.

Answer 17

FALSE

Question 18

How civil servants use “hidden transcript” tactics of resistance when they are morally opposed to the laws or policies they are supposed to execute?

Answer 18

(Brehms and Gates 1999)
1) Work harder
2) Leak information
3) Slow down

Question 19

Party collapse

Answer 19

Least common type of party change defined as when a previously major party loses its status and becomes either a minor party or ceases to exist

Question 20

Party realignment

Answer 20

A more common type of party change defined as when voters switch their preference from one party to another. Specifically, a new or minority coalition within a party comes to power, replacing an old dominant coalition of the other party.

Question 21

Party dealignment

Answer 21

Another type of party change that occurs when voters abandon a party altogether to become independent or nonvoting.

Question 22

Political parties are distinct from other types of civil society organizations because they are the only candidates that field candidates for political office

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

Where do the majority of Supreme Court cases begin?

Answer 23

1) District Courts
2) Appellate Courts

Question 24

Duverger’s Law states that “the simple majority, single ballot system favours the two-party system.” This means that:

Answer 24

1) There will be two major political parties that tend to converge with respect to rhetoric and policy
2) When the electoral rule is SMDP, third party candidates are unlikely to enter the race
3) When the electoral rule is SMDP, candidates are likely to compete with each other for support from the median voter

Question 25

Relative deprivation theory

Answer 25

(Davies 1962)
If grievances are constant, then people have no reason to expect conditions to improve, and thus do not rebel. However, if there is a prolonged period of social, poltical, and/or economic improvement, followed by a brief period of sharp decline, then their expectations are not in line with what is actually happening in the world, and unrest is more unlikely to occur.

Question 26

What is true of Super PACS?

Answer 26

1) Can openly support or oppose candidates in their advertisements (engage in express advocacy)
2) Allow unlimited corportate and union spending on political advertisements
3) Allow individuals to pool their money in unlimited amounts
4) The identity of their donors must be disclosed to the FEC

Question 27

Anti-Federalist political philosophers

Answer 27

1) Jefferson
2) Lee (Federal Farmer)

Question 28

In the mid-1800s in the U.S., if a voter was pro-slavery and pro-immigration, their interests would align with the _____

Answer 28

Democratic Party

Question 29

Conversely, if a voter was anti-slavery and anti-immigration, their interests would match the _____

Answer 29

Know-Nothing Party

Question 30

Which Enlightenment political philosopher believed that property was the most important natural right that human beings have?

Answer 30

Locke

Question 31

If the Speaker of the House will only bring a bill to the floor “if the majority of the majority party” in the House supports the bill, the Speaker is following what is known as the ______

Answer 31

Hastert Rule

Question 32

The Political Activities Act of 1939, also known as the _________ Act, was intended to ensure that government employees or civil servants would not use their position within the government to influence the outcome of
elections
.

Answer 32

Hatch

Question 33

Elite actors can present both opportunities and constraints for social movements. They might be opponents of the cause (those the activists are in conflict with), but they can also be allies with ________ that can be used to advance the cause.

Answer 33

Resources

Question 34

As well, Marxist theory includes the idea of the “intellectual ____________ “ - in other words, highly educated allies who raise awareness of the need for change.

Answer 34

Vanguard