Final MCQ Flashcards
Minimalist Democracy
(Schumpeter 1942, Przeworski 1991)
“[Democracy is] that institutional arrangement for arriving at a political decision in which individuals acquire the power to decide by means of a COMPETITIVE STRUGGLE FOR THE PEOPLE’S VOTE.”
Anti-Federalists
Wanted an extreme form of federalism-a confederation-in which sovereignty lies with the sub-territories and the national government only has the power that it is given by the sub-territories
What happens to the bureaucracy when the political party in power changes (i.e. from a Republican presidency to a Democratic one, or vice-versa)?
The heads of departments CHANGE, but the civil servants in the department KEEP THEIR JOBS
The most powerful Senate leader
The majority leader of the Senate
Infractions
Least serious type of crime, and the penalty is usually a fine (not jail time)
Felonies
The MOST serious type of crime, and they usually involve significant physical harm (or threat of harm).
Infractions
Crimes that are serious but not to the extent of being indictable.
Diagnostic framing
A shared understanding of a condition that needs to change, as well as who or what is responsible for that condition.
Prognostic framing
A shared understanding of what a better, alternate condition would look like, and what needs to happen to achieve that outcome.
Motivational framing
A type of framing that conveys a sense of urgency; why supporters should act now to bring about the desire outcome.
Rules in Congress
1) It is easier to change rules in the House than the Senate
2) The rules in the House change more frequently than those in the Senate
Which theory of collective action would best describe the rise of the BLM movement, particularly during the summer of 2020?
Resource mobilization theory
The ____ Caucus’ members are Republicans on the far right who were elected largely due to their willingness to block the legislative efforts of Democrats
Freedom
Procedural minimum
(Dahl 1971)
Democracy includes four elements that refer to elections
1) They must exist
2) They must be free and fair
3) All adult citizens must have the right to vote
4) All adult citizens must have right to run for office
Democracy also includes three elements that refer to civil liberties
1) Freedom of expression
2) Access to information
3) Right to associate with other people in groups
Egalitarian
(Coppedge 2023)
Meets all the conditions presented in the expanded procedural minimum definition, but that all social groups must be able to participate equally in the political arena.
What distinguishes Enlightenment political philosophy from Calvinism in the 18th century?
Humans have inherent rights because they are human.
In the Senate, it is possible to change how precedent is interpreted in terms of how rules are applied.
FALSE
How civil servants use “hidden transcript” tactics of resistance when they are morally opposed to the laws or policies they are supposed to execute?
(Brehms and Gates 1999)
1) Work harder
2) Leak information
3) Slow down
Party collapse
Least common type of party change defined as when a previously major party loses its status and becomes either a minor party or ceases to exist
Party realignment
A more common type of party change defined as when voters switch their preference from one party to another. Specifically, a new or minority coalition within a party comes to power, replacing an old dominant coalition of the other party.
Party dealignment
Another type of party change that occurs when voters abandon a party altogether to become independent or nonvoting.
Political parties are distinct from other types of civil society organizations because they are the only candidates that field candidates for political office
TRUE
Where do the majority of Supreme Court cases begin?
1) District Courts
2) Appellate Courts
Duverger’s Law states that “the simple majority, single ballot system favours the two-party system.” This means that:
1) There will be two major political parties that tend to converge with respect to rhetoric and policy
2) When the electoral rule is SMDP, third party candidates are unlikely to enter the race
3) When the electoral rule is SMDP, candidates are likely to compete with each other for support from the median voter
Relative deprivation theory
(Davies 1962)
If grievances are constant, then people have no reason to expect conditions to improve, and thus do not rebel. However, if there is a prolonged period of social, poltical, and/or economic improvement, followed by a brief period of sharp decline, then their expectations are not in line with what is actually happening in the world, and unrest is more unlikely to occur.
What is true of Super PACS?
1) Can openly support or oppose candidates in their advertisements (engage in express advocacy)
2) Allow unlimited corportate and union spending on political advertisements
3) Allow individuals to pool their money in unlimited amounts
4) The identity of their donors must be disclosed to the FEC
Anti-Federalist political philosophers
1) Jefferson
2) Lee (Federal Farmer)
In the mid-1800s in the U.S., if a voter was pro-slavery and pro-immigration, their interests would align with the _____
Democratic Party
Conversely, if a voter was anti-slavery and anti-immigration, their interests would match the _____
Know-Nothing Party
Which Enlightenment political philosopher believed that property was the most important natural right that human beings have?
Locke
If the Speaker of the House will only bring a bill to the floor “if the majority of the majority party” in the House supports the bill, the Speaker is following what is known as the ______
Hastert Rule
The Political Activities Act of 1939, also known as the _________ Act, was intended to ensure that government employees or civil servants would not use their position within the government to influence the outcome of
elections
.
Hatch
Elite actors can present both opportunities and constraints for social movements. They might be opponents of the cause (those the activists are in conflict with), but they can also be allies with ________ that can be used to advance the cause.
Resources
As well, Marxist theory includes the idea of the “intellectual ____________ “ - in other words, highly educated allies who raise awareness of the need for change.
Vanguard
