Final(ly) Flashcards
Congenital malformations, neural tube, heart defects, absent of ears, and renal agenesis etc. are commonly due to?
glycemic control and diabetes
Consumption of artificial sweeteners during pregnancy are associated with…?
preterm labor, asthma and allergies, metabolic syndrome (all of the above)
Which is associated with macrosomia
maternal diabetes
When performing second part of Websters find the trigger point on the round ligament by?
Inferior medial and inferior lateral
Changes in pregnancy are associated with?
hand and arm weakness, pain that wraps around the chest in a band like pattern, pain that radiates from lumbar spine and radiates down leg, disordered movement of facial muscles (all of the above)
Which is true regarding fundal height?
measuring from upper part of pubic symphysis to superior fundus
Performing leopold’s you determine which part is lying above the inlet?
third (make sure you know the sequence of leopold's because she will change it) part 1 head part 2 back part 3 pelvic inlet part 4 flex, deflexed, extension
Why use screening tools?
- state the norms explicitly
- reminder to observe development
- efficient way to record observation
- help identify more children with delays –> ** shown to be more accurate estimates of development than observation
Are parents a good judge of development?
YES
T/F Parents raise valid concerns in detection of developmental and behavioral problems from an early age.
true
How old should a baby be rolling in a “corkscrew” fashion from back to front?
6 months
How old should a baby be when able to sit without support?
7 months
How old should a baby be when they can stand alone briefly and go from sitting to crawling?
12 months
Inattentiveness, over-activity, impulsivity or a combination is what disorder?
ADHD (must be out of normal range for a child’s age and development)
What is the most commonly diagnosed behavior disorder in childhood? (3-5% of school aged children)
ADHD
Is ADHD more common in boys or girls?
boys
What is the major difference of children with Asperger’s and children with Autism?
language
- children with Autism have a hard time learning language
- children with Asperger’s learn language quite quickly
A scientifically validated tool for screening children 16-30 months to assess risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
M-CHAT
What ages are recommended for all children to have autism screening?
18 and 24 months
When children with autism are resistant to change, what is the best solution?
create a routine and be patient
List the benefits of a fever…yes, list them all.
- decrease growth and reproduction of bacteria and viruses
- increase neutrophil production and T-lymphocyte proliferation
- aid’s in bodies acute-phase reaction
- helps body recover more quickly from viral infections
T/F there is no clearly established evidence between high fevers, seizures, brain damage or death?
true
Who are the children we should be worried about with a fever?
underlying chronic conditions-they may not be able to handle the increase of metabolic demands
How high is the temperature for those who have had febrile seizures?
> 102
Common and normal physiologic response
fever
rare and pathophysiologic response, failure of normal homeostasis?
hyperthermia >106 degrees shit starts to go wrong
Gimme all the things you need to do to assess a febrile child…and….go…
- quality of cry
- reaction to parent stimulation
- state variation
- color
- hydration
- response to social overtures
- a score of >12 should be referred for evaluation
What reduces the risk factor of earache?
breastfeeding (for a minimum of 6 months), if bottle fed-avoid supine feeding, reduce of eliminate pacifier use by >6months, daycare-increase incidence of URTI, and tobacco smoke
Intestinal microflora may play a role in atopic diseases by modulating what in a developing child?
the immune system
Atopic children more frequently colonized with?
staph aureus and clostridia
What can help prevent atopic disease?
probiotics (lactobacillus GG)
Explain the atopic march in infancy?
food allergy-associated GI disorders and dermatitis
Explain the atopic march in earl childhood?
allergic rhino conjunctivitis and asthma
Explain the recommended management for colic.
low allergen diet (breastfeed), hypoallergenic formulas, herbal tea, probiotics (relieve symptoms within 1 week)
Gastroesophageal reflux affects what percent of full term, healthy babies?
50% but disappears by 6-12 months
What position is good for GERD?
completely upright and prone, seated should be minimized in infants
Allergies to cow’s milk present similar to what?
GER
2 week trial of what may help cow’s milk allergy?
casein hydrolysate
Infant death that cannot be explained?
SIDS
When is SIDS prevalent? When is it rare?
rare in the first month
peaks at 2-3 months
What are the risk factors for SIDS?
prone sleeping, MALES, maternal smoking during pregnancy, overheating, late or no prenatal care, young maternal age, preterm birth/ low birth weight
Level A recommendations to reduce risk of SIDS are?
regular prenatal care, avoid smoke exposure during and after birth, avoid alcohol and drug use during and after birth, breastfeed, pacifier at nap and bedtime
What is suggested NOT to use for a strategy to reduce the risk of SIDS?
at home cardiorespiratory monitors
Know the steps of webster technique.
also know that it is NOT used as a treatment for a condition-even though it is claimed to be sometimes
Increased resistance on the right (in Webster’s technique) indicated what listing?
P-R sacrum
What is the preferred mode of adjusting with Webster’s technique?
Prone, P-A drop technique with low force
In a Thompson leg check, the right leg raises higher, what is your listing?
SAR
External movement of the fetus (EVC) can cause what to happen?
active labor, ruptured membranes, c-section from fetal compromise
