final lab exam

Question 1

formula for MCH (include measurement units)

Answer 1

divide hemoglobin concentration by rbc concentration and multiply by 10

units recorded by pg (picograms)

Question 2

what does MCH stand for

Answer 2

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

Question 3

formula for MCHC

Answer 3

divide hemoglobin concentration by pcv then multiply by 100

record in g/dl

Question 4

MCHC stands for

Answer 4

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration

Question 5

formula for MCV

Answer 5

divide pcv by rbc concentration (just the first number) and multiply by 10

recorded in fL (femoliters)

Question 6

what are the categories for a gross fecal exam

Answer 6

color
consistency
mucus
odor
adult parasites
foreign bodies
presence of blood

Question 7

black or tarry blood in stool means

Answer 7

digested blood (bleeding in upper GI)

Question 8

red blood in stool means

Answer 8

undigested blood (bleeding in lower GI large intestine or rectum)

Question 9

what do you do with urine to preserve it if you cant

Answer 9

Place in opaque container labeled with date/time of collection, form of collection, any additives, name of patient, your initials

place in refrigerator (if cannot be viewed for more than 4 hours mix with muccolex)

Question 10

steps for urine centrifugation

Answer 10

10 mL needed
run for 5 minutes at 1500 rpm
decant supernatant without disturbing sediment
leave 0.5 mL of sediment/supernatant in tube

Question 11

formula to correct wbc count in event of nrbcs

Answer 11

(number of total wbc count (ex:12,000) x100) / (number of nrbcs counted +100)

Question 12

handling serum sample

Answer 12

let blood clot for 30 minutes

centrifuge for 15 minutes at 1500 rpm

Question 13

CELISA tests for

Answer 13

patient antigen

Question 14

ELISA tests for

Answer 14

antibody in serum

Question 15

steps for modified knott’s test

Answer 15

add 9mL of 2% formalin to 1 Ml of blood
mix by inverting
wait 2-3 minutes
centrifuge 5 minutes at 1500 rpm
decant supernatant
add a drop of methylene blue to sediment
place a drop of mixed sediment of sample on slide, place coverslip
use low power and low light for examination

Question 16

steps for difil test

Answer 16

in 12cc syringe add 1 mL of blood to 9 mL of difilsolution
place filter paper in provided filter
attach syringe to filter mechanism and slowly push blood through filter
rinse filter with 12 cc of tap water
place filter on slide
add a drop of stain and place coverslip
use low power low light

Question 17

steps for fecal floatation

Answer 17

1-2 tsp of fecal
add 30 mL of solution
mix with tongue depressor
strain through metal strainer
place fecal sample solution into test tube until you have a meniscus
place cover slip on meniscus
let sit undisturbed for 15 minutes
examine under 10x low light

Question 18

steps for baerman technique

Answer 18

30-50g of fecal ontop of cheesecloth or kimwipes and fill funnel with warm water to a level above fecal sample
let sit for 1-24 hours
collect fluid in tubing and transfer to petridish r centrifuge tube
examine petridish with stereomicroscope or
centrifuge to pellet larvae
after centrifuging decant and place sediment on slide
slide can be passed over a bunsen burner flame to kill larvae

Question 19

steps for fecal centrrifuge

Answer 19

everything from floatation then place tube with coverslip in centrifuge and another tube on opposite side to balance
centrifuge for 5 minutes at 1500 rpm
examine at 100x magnification

Question 20

fecal sediment steps

Answer 20

1-2 tsps of fecal mixed with 30 mL of water
strain the fecal over funnel w/ filter over 50mL conical tube
wash sample with water until tube is filled
let sit for 15 to 30 minutes
decant supernatant
then resuspend sediment in water
repeat steps 4/5 two more times
decant supernatant
mix sediment with pipette
transfer to slide and place coverslip
examine at 100x

Question 21

formula for number of retics

Answer 21

total retics seen (ex 17) / 1000 rbcs = 0.017 then x100=
1.7%

Question 22

formula for absolute value for retics

Answer 22

convert retic percentage back into decimal (ex 1.7%=0.017) multiply decimal by rbc count (ex 5,000,000)

0.017x5,000,000/uL = 85,000 uL