Final Key Terms

Question 1

Collective challenges with common purpose and sustained interactions with elites and authorities

Answer 1

Sydney Tarrow’s view of social movements

Question 2

Sustained challenges in the name of disadvantaged groups to power holders throug public display

Answer 2

Charles Tilly’s definition of social movements

Question 3

Repertoire of Action

Answer 3

How social movements operate and work to make their goals known ie. parades, marches, flash mobs

Question 4

Political Process/Opportunities Model

Answer 4

A model of social movements with states thier success depends upon the political climate they have and the political opportunities they are afforded

Question 5

Resource Mobilization Model

Answer 5

A model for social movements with predicat their success will be based on how effectively they mobilize/organize people and money (resources) around thier cause

Question 6

Strong Form Judicial Review

Answer 6

When judicial decisions on thier interpretations of the constitution impact the workings of all other government branche

Question 7

Legal Model of Judicial Behaviour

Answer 7

States that judges act by and are constrained by the law, thus limiting thier power during decisions/interpretations. However, this is indeterminate.

Question 8

Section 33

Answer 8

The Notwithstanding Clause

Question 9

Section 15

Answer 9

Equality of consideration without discrimination on the basis of gender, race, sexual orientation, religion

Question 10

Section 36(2)

Answer 10

The Section outlining Equalization Payments

Question 11

Section 38

Answer 11

The 7/50 rule -> House, Senate plus 7 provs with 50%

Question 12

Section 41

Answer 12

All provinces and House and Senate agreeing

Question 13

Section 28

Answer 13

Ensures the equality of men and women without discrimination before the law

Question 14

Section 52

Answer 14

The Supremacy of the Constitution, which is interpreted as giving the Supreme Court the ability to interpret the Charter

Question 15

Bill of Rights

Answer 15

Deifenbaker, 1960, Statuatory, Parliamentary legislation ensuring non discrimination based on race, sex, religion, national origin

Question 16

Federalism

Answer 16

Political structure, needs atleast 2 levels of government and a guarantee of autonomy between those levels, thus requireing a decentralized government

Question 17

Benedict Anderson on Nation

Answer 17

An imagined community made in the mids of its members

Question 18

Horizontal Fiscal Imbalance

Answer 18

The disparity in fiscal capacity between provinces

Question 19

Regionalism

Answer 19

The territorialization of politics

Question 20

Fiscal Capacity

Answer 20

The capacity of the provinces to raise revenues, through taxes and natural resources

Question 21

Sovreignty

Answer 21

The concept of a state’s supreme authority over its members

Question 22

The White Paper

Answer 22

A 1969 announcement of policy intention written by the Trudea government which sought to do away with previous legislation regarding Indigenous rights and treaties to fully assimilate them into Canadian society

Question 23

Multiculturalism

Answer 23

The notion of a diverse population within a state or nation, whihc was made a part of the federal policy agenda with the Trudeau government in 1971. Multiculturalism was entrenched as a supreme part of Canadian identity with the 1982 Constitution Act

Question 24

Neo Institutionalism

Answer 24

Paul Pross’ model for interest groups,w hich states that there is a complex and fluid community fo interest groups with larger organization at the centre, and peripheral (lesser) interest groups whihc come and go.

Question 25

Corporatism

Answer 25

When interest groups are organized into a rigid hierarchical structure in order to act with the government to achieve thier interests

Question 26

The Logic of Collective Action

Answer 26

Posited by Mancur Olson, a theory that states majority diffuse interests will not be mobilized because of a free-rider mentality in the population

Question 27

Schattschnieder’s theory of politics

Answer 27

Sees them as a mobilization of bias, thus there is never a neutral party in politics

Question 28

Pluralism

Answer 28

regards interest groups, states that there is a highly competitive field of views, whihc the government must act as a neutral arbiter of

Question 29

Loss Aversion

Answer 29

The theory that people will feel the effects of losing something more than they will the effects of gaining the same thing

Question 30

Rational Choice Theory

Answer 30

Posits that people will make decisions that will benefit them and thier self interests

Question 31

External Inducement

Answer 31

Part of Olson’s logic of collective action, which seeks to explain why people would organize around public goods, as they become non-exclusive. He states that external inducements are the private benefit people would experience from organizing.