Final Info Flashcards
What nerves come from what pharyngeal arches?
1 - 5
2 - 7
3 - 9
4/6 - 10
What arteries come from what pharyngeal arches?
1: Maxillary
2: Stapedial
3: ICA
4: Subclavian and Aortic Arch
6: Pulmonary Artery and Ductus Arteriosus
What muscles (mesoderm) come from the second pharyngeal arch?
Muscles of Facial Expression
Buccinator, Platysma, Stapedius, Stylohyoid, and the posterior belly of the digastric
What muscles (mesoderm) come from the first pharyngeal arch?
Muscles of Mastication
Anterior belly of the digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor velli palatini
What muscles (mesoderm) come from the third pharyngeal arch?
Stylopharyngeus
What muscles (mesoderm) come from the fourth pharyngeal arch?
All intrinsic muscles of the soft palate except the tensor veli palatini (remember this guy is from the first arch)
Also, the cricothyroid muscle, which should be coming from the 6th…
What muscles (mesoderm) come from the sixth pharyngeal arch?
All intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscle
What additional structures come from the third pharyngeal arch?
Hyoid (lower portion, greater horn), thymus, inferior parathyroids
What additional structures come from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
Stapes, upper body of hyoid (lesser horn), stylohyoid ligament
What additional structures come from the first pharyngeal arch?
Maxilla, Mandible, Malleus and Incus, Zygomatic and Temporal bones
Where does the trapezius originate and insert?
Trap originates on three parts, the skull at the external occipital protuberance, the fascia at the ligamentum nuchae, and the vertebrae at spines C7, T1-T12
It inserts on the clavicle at the lateral 1/3 and the scapula in two places, the acromion and the spine
Origin and Insertion of the Lat Dorsi
On the vertebrae at T6 - T12, the fascia at the thoracolumbnar fascia, and the pelvic bone at the iliac crest
Inserts on the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Origins and insertions for levator scapulae, rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
All three originate on the vertebrae only.
LS: Transverse processes of C1-4
Minor: Spines C7, T1
Major: Spines T2 - T5
All three insert on the scapula
LS: Superior angle and medial border
Minor: Just the medial border
Major: Medial border to inferior angle
Actions of the superficial back muscles
Trap: Elevates and depresses shoulder, retract scapula, extend head
LD: Adducts, extends, medially rotates arm
LS/Minor/Major: Elevates and adducts scapula
Nerves of superficial back muscles
Trap: Accessory Nerve
LD: Thoracodorsal nerve
LS/Minor/Major: Dorsal scapular nerve
Origins and Insertions of the intermediate back muscles
Serratus Posterior Superior originates from the spines of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae while the serratus posterior inferior originate from the spines of lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae
Both inset on the ribs.
Action of the intermediate back muscles group
Raise ribs in inspiration for the superior, the inferior pulls the rubs down for expiration
What innervates the intermediate layer of back muscles?
Intercostal nerves
What do the deep muscles of the back do and what were they innervated by?
All extend the truck and neck and are innervated by dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Origin and Insertion for Deep Back Muscles
Splenius breaks in to two parts, the capitis and the cervicis. Capitis inserts on the head at the occipital and temporal bones while the cervicis inserts on the vertebrae at transverse processes of C2 and C3
Longissimus goes from transverse processes to transverse processes
Spinalis goes from spinous processes to spinous processes
Semispinalis goes from transverse processes to spinoous processes 5 or 6 vertebrae up.
