Final IDs Flashcards
Jebusites (who were they?)
Canaanites living in Jerusalem before the Israelites
David
King David conquered Jerusalem for the the Israelites
Solomon
Built the First Temple
Was David and Basthita’s Child
1st Temple Period (dates?)
Roughly 1200 to 586 BCE
Hezekiah
Religious reformist King focusing on God as the one and only God
Built Board wall
Was a good king according to the Bible
Created the Tunnel to the Gihon Spring
Josiah
Also considered a good King
Counseled by prophet Jerimiah
Jeremiah
7th to 6th century BCE
Preached against idolization
Nebuchadnezzar
The King of Babylon that destroyed the first temple and captured Jewish Elites into Babylonian exile
586 BCE (what happened?)
This is the year the first temple was destroyed
Ezra
Led the Jews back to Jerusalem after exile in Babylon
Reintroduced the torah
2nd Temple Period (dates?)
515 BC to 70 AD
Nehemiah
Efforts to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem
Herod the Great
Herod befriend the Roman emperors of his time in order to keep power and control over Israel
Hillel the Great
Lived in the First century CE
Taught compassion, humility, and he kindness as Jewish attributes
Jesus
The Messiah of Christian faith
Lived from 4BC to 39 BC
1st War of the Jews against the Romans (dates?)
66 to 73 BCE
70 AD (what happened?)
The second temple was destroyed and Jews carted off by the Roman
Titus
Roman General that suppressed the Jewish Revolt in the first war and later became Emperor
2nd War of the Jews against the Romans (dates?)
132 AD to 136AD
2nd War of the Jews against the Romans (consequences?)
Complete desperation of the Jews formalizing the end of any sort a Jewish State
Bar Kokhba
Leader leader of the Revolt or Second Jewish War against the Romans
Hadrian
Roman Emperor that crush the 2nd Jewish Revolt
Forbid the Jews to live in Jerusalem
Constantine
Begins the conversation of the Roman Empire to Christianity
Edict of Milan (what is it?)
Christianity becomes tolerated under the Roman Empire
313 (what happened?)
The Edict of Milan
Helena
Constantine’s Mother and very dedicated to Christianity
Credited with finding a part of the holy cross
Monophysite Churches (which ones are they?)
Jesus as only one nature and its completely divine:
Coptic Orthodox Church
Ethiopian Orthodox Church
Armenian Orthodox Church
Syriac Orthodox Church
Julian
Attempted to restore paganism after Constantine (Ruled from 361 to 363)
Theodosius
Made Christianity the Official religion of the Roman Empire
Justinian
Important Byzantine in Emperor
Muhammad
Main Prophet of the Islamic Faith
The Creator of the Islamic Faith
The Night Journey (what is it?)
Muhammad travels from Mecca to Jerusalem at night by winged horse
He the assessed to heaven and spoke with God bringing back the rules and pillar of Islam
Omar
The second Caliphate after Muhammad
Ethically conquered Jerusalem leaving Christian and Jewish sites alone
638 (what happened?)
Omar Conquers Jerusalem beginning centuries of Islamic rule in the city
Abd el-Malik
Fifth Caliphate in the Umayyad Caliphate
Strengthened and centralized power
Started the construction of the Dome of Rock
Al-Hakim
Sixth Caliphate of the Falmad Caliphate
Was a little crazy with anger issues
Leveled the Anastasis and the Martyrium of Constantine n Jerusalem
Terrorized Chrisitians and Jews and eventually Muslims too
Was replacing Gods Name with his
Great Schism (what is it?)
The great split between the eastern and western Churches
Godfred of Bouillon
Frankish Knight leading the Crusade in Jerusalem
1099 (what happened?)
The First Crusade captures Jerusalem
Crusaders massacre the residents of Jerusalem
Baldwin I
Became the First King of Jerusalem during the Crusader rule
Benjamin of Tudela
A Jew who traveled to Jerusalem from Spain
Believed that the Jews need to return to Jerusalem to Accelerate the coming of the Messiah
Salah ed-Din/Saladin
Very reasonable ruler that retakes Jerusalem in a semi ethical way
1187
Saladin retakes Jerusalem for the Islamic world
Nahmanides
Jews that believed that Jerusalem clearly can’t be ruled by Christians and Muslims so Jews must return to the holy land to Rule the land
Suleiman the Great
Ruled the the Ottoman empire from 1520 to 1566
The “Status Quo” (what is it?)
The Idea of maintaining balance of power and access of to the holy sites of the three faiths
Balfour Declaration (what is it?)
British government formally stating that I support the establishment of the a Jewish state in the region of Palestine
The White Papers (what are they?)
Doctrines that Governed the land of Palestine while it was under British control
Independence of Israel (what is it?))
Israel formally gets its independence in 1948 when British pull out of the region
Al-Nakhbah (what is it?)
Meaning the great Catastrophe coincides with the Israeli Independence war of 1948 where over 700,000 Palisinians were forced from their homes as Israel conquered and controlled new regions
1948 (what happened?)
Israel war of Independence
Also the Palestinian Al-Nakhbah
Six-Day War (consequences?)
Palestinians lost control of East Jerusalem, Gaza and the West Bank
1967 (what happened?)
The Six Day War
“Settlements” (what are they?)
Jewish community establishments only now in the west bank
Takes more and more land from the Palestinians
First Intifada (what is it?)
Palestinian van is hit be a Israeli truck killing passengers sparking an “uprising”
Yasser Arafat
Palestinian Political leader and the founder of the Fatah movement the dominant faction of the PLO
Isaac Rabin
Fifth Israeli Prime Minister
Was trying to secure peace
Killed by israeli settlers
Played a leading role in the Oslo Accords
Oslo Accords (what are they?)
Signed in 1993 at the White House
Palestine would recognize the state of Israel
Second Intifada (what is it?)
Triggered by Ariel Sharon of the Likud Party visiting the Haram al-Sharif
al-Aqsa Intifada is another name
Collapsed peace negotiations
Became in September 2000
Separation Wall (what is it?
A wall that separated Israel and the West Bank
Took more Palestinian land in the process
Construction began in 2002
