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Jerusalem > Final IDs > Flashcards

Final IDs Flashcards

1
Q

Jebusites (who were they?)

A

Canaanites living in Jerusalem before the Israelites

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2
Q

David

A

King David conquered Jerusalem for the the Israelites

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3
Q

Solomon

A

Built the First Temple
Was David and Basthita’s Child

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4
Q

1st Temple Period (dates?)

A

Roughly 1200 to 586 BCE

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5
Q

Hezekiah

A

Religious reformist King focusing on God as the one and only God
Built Board wall
Was a good king according to the Bible
Created the Tunnel to the Gihon Spring

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6
Q

Josiah

A

Also considered a good King
Counseled by prophet Jerimiah

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7
Q

Jeremiah

A

7th to 6th century BCE
Preached against idolization

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8
Q

Nebuchadnezzar

A

The King of Babylon that destroyed the first temple and captured Jewish Elites into Babylonian exile

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9
Q

586 BCE (what happened?)

A

This is the year the first temple was destroyed

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10
Q

Ezra

A

Led the Jews back to Jerusalem after exile in Babylon
Reintroduced the torah

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11
Q

2nd Temple Period (dates?)

A

515 BC to 70 AD

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12
Q

Nehemiah

A

Efforts to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem

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13
Q

Herod the Great

A

Herod befriend the Roman emperors of his time in order to keep power and control over Israel

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14
Q

Hillel the Great

A

Lived in the First century CE
Taught compassion, humility, and he kindness as Jewish attributes

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15
Q

Jesus

A

The Messiah of Christian faith
Lived from 4BC to 39 BC

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16
Q

1st War of the Jews against the Romans (dates?)

A

66 to 73 BCE

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17
Q

70 AD (what happened?)

A

The second temple was destroyed and Jews carted off by the Roman

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18
Q

Titus

A

Roman General that suppressed the Jewish Revolt in the first war and later became Emperor

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19
Q

2nd War of the Jews against the Romans (dates?)

A

132 AD to 136AD

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20
Q

2nd War of the Jews against the Romans (consequences?)

A

Complete desperation of the Jews formalizing the end of any sort a Jewish State

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21
Q

Bar Kokhba

A

Leader leader of the Revolt or Second Jewish War against the Romans

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22
Q

Hadrian

A

Roman Emperor that crush the 2nd Jewish Revolt
Forbid the Jews to live in Jerusalem

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23
Q

Constantine

A

Begins the conversation of the Roman Empire to Christianity

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24
Q

Edict of Milan (what is it?)

A

Christianity becomes tolerated under the Roman Empire

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25
Q

313 (what happened?)

A

The Edict of Milan

26
Q

Helena

A

Constantine’s Mother and very dedicated to Christianity
Credited with finding a part of the holy cross

27
Q

Monophysite Churches (which ones are they?)

A

Jesus as only one nature and its completely divine:
Coptic Orthodox Church
Ethiopian Orthodox Church
Armenian Orthodox Church
Syriac Orthodox Church

28
Q

Julian

A

Attempted to restore paganism after Constantine (Ruled from 361 to 363)

29
Q

Theodosius

A

Made Christianity the Official religion of the Roman Empire

30
Q

Justinian

A

Important Byzantine in Emperor

31
Q

Muhammad

A

Main Prophet of the Islamic Faith
The Creator of the Islamic Faith

32
Q

The Night Journey (what is it?)

A

Muhammad travels from Mecca to Jerusalem at night by winged horse
He the assessed to heaven and spoke with God bringing back the rules and pillar of Islam

33
Q

Omar

A

The second Caliphate after Muhammad
Ethically conquered Jerusalem leaving Christian and Jewish sites alone

34
Q

638 (what happened?)

A

Omar Conquers Jerusalem beginning centuries of Islamic rule in the city

35
Q

Abd el-Malik

A

Fifth Caliphate in the Umayyad Caliphate
Strengthened and centralized power
Started the construction of the Dome of Rock

36
Q

Al-Hakim

A

Sixth Caliphate of the Falmad Caliphate
Was a little crazy with anger issues
Leveled the Anastasis and the Martyrium of Constantine n Jerusalem
Terrorized Chrisitians and Jews and eventually Muslims too
Was replacing Gods Name with his

37
Q

Great Schism (what is it?)

A

The great split between the eastern and western Churches

38
Q

Godfred of Bouillon

A

Frankish Knight leading the Crusade in Jerusalem

39
Q

1099 (what happened?)

A

The First Crusade captures Jerusalem
Crusaders massacre the residents of Jerusalem

40
Q

Baldwin I

A

Became the First King of Jerusalem during the Crusader rule

41
Q

Benjamin of Tudela

A

A Jew who traveled to Jerusalem from Spain
Believed that the Jews need to return to Jerusalem to Accelerate the coming of the Messiah

42
Q

Salah ed-Din/Saladin

A

Very reasonable ruler that retakes Jerusalem in a semi ethical way

43
Q

1187

A

Saladin retakes Jerusalem for the Islamic world

44
Q

Nahmanides

A

Jews that believed that Jerusalem clearly can’t be ruled by Christians and Muslims so Jews must return to the holy land to Rule the land

45
Q

Suleiman the Great

A

Ruled the the Ottoman empire from 1520 to 1566

46
Q

The “Status Quo” (what is it?)

A

The Idea of maintaining balance of power and access of to the holy sites of the three faiths

47
Q

Balfour Declaration (what is it?)

A

British government formally stating that I support the establishment of the a Jewish state in the region of Palestine

48
Q

The White Papers (what are they?)

A

Doctrines that Governed the land of Palestine while it was under British control

49
Q

Independence of Israel (what is it?))

A

Israel formally gets its independence in 1948 when British pull out of the region

50
Q

Al-Nakhbah (what is it?)

A

Meaning the great Catastrophe coincides with the Israeli Independence war of 1948 where over 700,000 Palisinians were forced from their homes as Israel conquered and controlled new regions

51
Q

1948 (what happened?)

A

Israel war of Independence
Also the Palestinian Al-Nakhbah

52
Q

Six-Day War (consequences?)

A

Palestinians lost control of East Jerusalem, Gaza and the West Bank

53
Q

1967 (what happened?)

A

The Six Day War

54
Q

“Settlements” (what are they?)

A

Jewish community establishments only now in the west bank
Takes more and more land from the Palestinians

55
Q

First Intifada (what is it?)

A

Palestinian van is hit be a Israeli truck killing passengers sparking an “uprising”

56
Q

Yasser Arafat

A

Palestinian Political leader and the founder of the Fatah movement the dominant faction of the PLO

57
Q

Isaac Rabin

A

Fifth Israeli Prime Minister
Was trying to secure peace
Killed by israeli settlers
Played a leading role in the Oslo Accords

58
Q

Oslo Accords (what are they?)

A

Signed in 1993 at the White House
Palestine would recognize the state of Israel

59
Q

Second Intifada (what is it?)

A

Triggered by Ariel Sharon of the Likud Party visiting the Haram al-Sharif
al-Aqsa Intifada is another name
Collapsed peace negotiations
Became in September 2000

60
Q

Separation Wall (what is it?

A

A wall that separated Israel and the West Bank
Took more Palestinian land in the process
Construction began in 2002

Jerusalem (1 decks)

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