final history

Question 1

Martin Luther’s initial protest was against what?

Answer 1

b) Indulgences

Question 2

The Five Pillars of Islam are Shahada (the profession of faith), Salat (prayer), Zakat (almsgiving), Sawm (fasting), and this:

Answer 2

a) Hajj (pilgrimage)

Question 3

The Scientific Revolution gave rise to which movement?

Answer 3

a) The Enlightenment

Question 4

Which of the following was a goal of the Gregorian Reform?

Answer 4

a) Decrease in lay involvement in the Church

Question 5

What were the main characteristics of absolute monarchy?

Answer 5

-Rules by divine right
-All power in Monarch’s hands
-Medieval institutions remain, but are used by monarch to do his will

Question 6

What were the main characteristics of constitutional monarchy?

Answer 6

-Rules with consent and cooperation of Parliament
-Robust medieval institutions
-Monarch must negociate

Question 7

The Three Orders of feudal society were which of the following?

Answer 7

d) Oratores (those who pray), Bellatores (those who fight), and Laboratores (those who work)

Question 8

France under Louis XIV is the best example of what form of government?

Answer 8

d) Absolute monarchy

Question 9

Mercantilism was a system based on royal control of trade and colonies, accumulation of this, and a favourable trade balance (exporting more than was imported).

Answer 9

c) Bullion

Question 10

These, meant to ease passage through Purgatory, were very popular during the Later Middle Ages.

Answer 10

b) Indulgences

Question 11

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 11

Deductive reasoning begins with a theory, a generalization, and then sets out to prove it through observation.

Question 12

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 12

Inductive reasoning begins with an observation, and then moves to a generalization from that observation.

Question 13

The ideals of the Enlightenment included which of the following?

Answer 13

a) Progress, freedom of speech, tolerance, and human rights

Question 14

This financial tool allowed people to borrow and lend money in a city where they were not present.

Answer 14

c) Bill of exchange

Question 15

This was a social, ethical, and military code for knights

Answer 15

d) Chivalry

Question 16

Which of the following occurred in 1453?

Answer 16

a) Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks

Question 17

What were the causes of demographic decline (population decline) in 14th-century Europe?

Answer 17

Famine (Little Ice Age; poor harvests; cattle disease)
Black Death (bubonic plague)

Question 18

What was the role of the printing press in the Reformations of the 16th century?

Answer 18

Allowed ideas to spread more rapidly and cheaply.

Question 19

The Umayyads are the extended kinship group of which Caliph?

Answer 19

d) Uthman

Question 20

Which two elements were necessary for marriage in Medieval Europe?

Answer 20

a) Consent and consummation

Question 21

Unfree peasants were known as:

Answer 21

b) Serfs

Question 22

These revolutionaries were, who wore pantalons and were commoners, were known as what?

Answer 22

d) Sans-culottes

Question 23

List three reasons that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain.

Answer 23

Coal
Trade Network
Population Growth
Expertise
Agricultural improvements
Capital
Technology
Politicians

Question 24

What were the main causes of the French Revolution?

Answer 24

Economic
-King’s debt (wars)
-Inability to raise taxes
-Church and Nobles exempt form taxation
Political
-Nobles forced king to negociate
-Estate General -> National Asemmbly

Question 25

The exchange of plants, animals, and microbes between Spanish settlers and Indigenous peoples of the Americas is known as what?

Answer 25

c) The Columbian Exchange

Question 26

This decree of King Henry IV of France (Henry of Navarre) extended limited tolerance to French Protestants (Huguenots) in 1598:

Answer 26

a) The Edict of Nantes

Question 27

According to the medieval church, these were the three goods of marriage:

Answer 27

b) Procreation, fidelity, and unity

Question 28

What are the main characteristics of liberal nationalism?

Answer 28

Individual and Economic freedom
National Sovereignty
Cooperation among nations

Question 29

What are the main characteristics of conservative nationalism?

Answer 29

National identity
Cultural conservatism
No international cooperation
Can lead to ultra-nationalism

Question 30

This ancient game, known from Roman times, was popular across the Mediterranean, with boards found carved into paving stones, monastery benches, and elsewhere, from the Levant to Britain.

Answer 30

d) Nine Men’s Morris