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HO Spanish 2 > Final - Grammar 1A-4B > Flashcards

Final - Grammar 1A-4B Flashcards

1
Q

present tense

-ar

A
  • o
  • as
  • a
  • amos
  • áis
  • an
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2
Q

present tense

-er

A
  • o
  • es
  • e
  • emos
  • éis
  • en
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3
Q

present tense

-ir

A
  • o
  • es
  • e
  • imos
  • ís
  • en
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4
Q

present tense

ser

A 
soy
eres
es
somos
sois
son
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5
Q

present tense

irregular “yo” forms

A 
hacer - hago
poner - pongo
traer - traigo
tener - tengo
salir - salgo
decir - digo
venir - vengo
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6
Q

present tense

estar

A 
estoy
estás
está
estamos
estáis
están
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7
Q

present tense

ir

A 
voy
vas
va
vamos
váis
van
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8
Q

present tense

saber

A 
sé
sabes
sabe
sabemos
sabéis
saben
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9
Q

present tense

conocer

A 
conozco
conoces
conoce
conocemos
conocéis
conocen
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10
Q

reflexive verb pronouns

A 
me
te
se
nos
os
se
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11
Q

después de

A

after

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12
Q

depende de

A

depending on

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13
Q

antes de

A

before

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14
Q

acabar de + (infinitive)

A

to just have done (infinitive)

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15
Q

el salón de belleza

A

beauty salon

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16
Q

ser vs. estar

A 
ser
-what a person or thing is
-what a person or thing is like
-where a person or thing is from
-what a thing is made of
-to whom something belongs
estar
-how a person or thing is at the moment
-how someone feels
-where a person or thing is located
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17
Q

possessive adjectives

A 
before the noun:
-mi(s)
-tu(s)
-su(s)
-nuestro/a(s)
-vuestro/a(s)
-su(s)
    (my, your)
after the noun:
-mío/a(s)
-tuyo/a(s)
-suyo/a(s)
-nuestro/a(s)
-vuestro/a(s)
-suyo/a(s)
    (of mine, of yours)
18
Q

present tense

ver

A 
veo
ves
ve
vemos
veis
19
Q

the date

A

el + (cardinal number) + de + (month)

20
Q

days of the week

A 
domingo
lunes
martes
miércoles
jueves
viernes
sábado
21
Q

preterite

-ar

A
  • é
  • aste
  • ó
  • amos
  • asteis
  • aron
22
Q

preterite

  • er
  • ir
A
  • í
  • iste
  • ió
  • imos
  • isteis
  • ieron
23
Q

-car, -gar, -zar

A 
an "e" following a "c," "g," or "z" changes its pronunciation
in the preterite "yo" form:
c - qu
g - gu
z - c
24
Q

use adjective as noun

A 
when comparing two similar things, avoid repetition by dropping the noun and using an article with an adjective.
ex:
la sudadera apretado o "la floja"
una chaqueta de lana or una de cuero
el abrigo de aPaco o el de Jaun
25
Q

direct object pronouns

A 
*who or what receives the action
me - me
te - you (informal)
lo/a - it, him, her, you (formal)
nos - we
os - you all (formal)
los/as - them, you all
26
Q

preterite tense
ir
ser

A 
fui
fuiste
fue
fuimos
fuisteis
fueron
27
Q

preterite tense

irregular endings

A
  • e
  • iste
  • o
  • imos
  • isteis
  • ieron
28
Q

preterite tense

irregulars

A

hacer - hic- ; (el, ella ud.) hiz-
tener - tuv-
estar - est-
poder - pud-

29
Q

commands

affirmative

A

write verb in “el, ella, ud.” form

*except now the subject is “tú”

30
Q

commands

negatives

A

write verb in “yo” form
drop the -o
add the opposite ending (-ar - es ; -er/-ir - as)
*now the subject is “tú”

31
Q

commands
affirmative
irregulars

A 
venir - ven
decir - di
salir - sal
hacer - haz
tener - ten
ir - ve
poner - pon
ser - sé
*ven disel has ten weapons, se?
dar - da
estar - está
32
Q

commands
negatives
irregulars

A 
venir - vengas
decir - digas
salir - salgas
hacer - hagas
tener - tengas
ir - vayas
poner - pongas
ser - seas
dar - des
estar - estés
*all have "no" directly before the verb
33
Q

present progressive tense

  • ar
  • er
  • ir
A

conjugate “estar”
drop the:
-ar - -ando
-er, -ir - -iendo

34
Q

present progressive tense

irregulars

A 
"e" becomes "i"
    *repetir keeps the "e"
"o" becomes "u"
creer - creyendo
leer - leyendo
traer - trayendo
35
Q

imperfect tense

-ar

A
  • aba
  • abas
  • aba
  • ábamos
  • abais
  • aban
36
Q

imperfect tense

  • er
  • ir
A
  • ía
  • ías
  • ía
  • íamos
  • íais
  • ían
37
Q

imperfect tense

ir

A 
iba
ibas
iba
íbamos
ibais
iban
38
Q

imperfect tense

ser

A 
era
eras
era
éramos
erais
eran
39
Q

imperfect tense

ver

A 
veía
veías
veía
veíamos
veíais
veían
40
Q

indirect object pronouns

A 
*to or for whom an action is performed
me - meus
te - you
le - him, her, formal you
nos - us
os - you (familiar)
les - them, you all
41
Q

reciprocal actions

A

place the conjugated form of ‘se” in front of the verb to imply “each other”
ex: Sally y Beth se hablan. - Sally and Beth talk with each other

42
Q

preterite vs. imperfect

A

preterite
-used for actions in the past that are seen as completed
-implies that the past action had a definite beginning and definite end
-the beginning and the end may not always be clearly stated
imperfect
-used for actions in the past that are not seen as completed
-implies that the past action did not have a definite beginning or a definite end.

HO Spanish 2 (2 decks)

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