Final from Hell Flashcards
Deductive
moves towards a hypothesis testing after which the principle is confirmed
Inductive
plans are made for data collection after which the data is analyzed, moves towards discovering a binding hypothesis
ontology
study of being, nature of existence, what constitutes as reality
epistemology
provides philosophical background for declined what kinds of knowledge are legitimate
objectivism
reality exists independent of conciseness – objective reality
positivism
reality exits external to researcher and must be investigated through rigorous process of inquiry
constructivism
rejects the view of human knowledge truth and meaning do not exist in external world
subjectivism
meaning does not emerge from interplay between the subject and outside worlds
positivism
reality consists of what is available to the sense inquiry should be based upon scientific observation
interpretivist
culturally derived and historically situated
Descriptive
what is happening
normative
what is happening compared to what should be
correlative
what is the relationship strength between x and y
impact
what impact does a change in x have on y
types of validity
face, internal, external, criterion, construct,content,predictive,statistical
principles of reliability
stability, equivalence, internal reliability, inter judge, intra judge
Criticisms of qualitative data
can involve little or no contact with people or field settings, statistical correlations amy be based on variables that are arbitrarily defined, after the fact analysis, pursuit of measurable phenomena
Benefits of Qualitative
can adopt various theoretical stances, can be powerful for analysis, highly contextual, can be used when little information available
ethnography
describing participant observations
phenomenology
reaction between perception objects is not passive, understand world from participants POV
Grounded Theory
qualitative research is capable of generating theory, theories are not applied to the subject being studied
Quantitative
objective, distant between subject, based on facts, deduction and confirmation, nomothetic
Qualitative
constructivist, close between subjects, based on meaning, induction and emergence, ideographic, data based on text
Benefits of Mixed Methods
combines several methods
combining methods can allow for other to fill in gap
complementary: combined to measure overlapping
development: result of one used to inform development of second, new perspectives and contradictions
nominal
name value or category with no order or ranking
ordinal
ordering or making values
interval
equal intervals there is NO zero
ratio
there is an absolute zero that represents some meaning
