Final Finals Flashcards
An internal process that modifies the way an organism responds to a certain class of external stimuli
Motivation
Leads to two predictions: People with weak autonomic or skeletal responses should feel less emotion, and causing or increasing someone’s responses should enhance an emotion
James-Lange Theory
Stands for ‘’BOTOX’’
Botulinum Toxin
Alerts us to escape from danger
Fear
Direct us to attack an intruder
Anger
Tells us to avoid something that might cause illness
Disgust
Examined a man with prefrontal cortex damage who expressed almost no anger, sadness, or pleasure
Antonio Damasio
A famous case in psychology where an iron rod is driven through his prefrontal cortex and somehow, survives
Phineas Gage
A sudden loud noise causes a newborn to arch the back, briefly extend the arms and legs, and cry. This reaction is called the
Moro complex
It is an infrequent autosomal recessive disorder
characterized by mutations in the extracellular matrix protein
Urbach-Wiethe Disorder
It is from a group of medicines called opioids or narcotics. It works in the central nervous system and the brain to block
pain signals to the rest of the body
Fentanyl
The meaning of the acronym GABA
Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Many researchers refer to cortisol as a
Stress Hormone
Consist of cells that protect the body against such
intruders like viruses and bacteria
Immunology System
Immune System
Attacks tumor cells and cells that are infected with viruses.
Natural Killer Cells
A natural hormone that manages key aspects of the
female and male reproductive systems, including labor and delivery and lactation, as well as aspects of human behavior
Oxytocin
Most of the commonly abused drugs derive from?
Plants
Which of the following types of drugs would be a strong agonist?
One with high affinity and high efficacy
The probability of abusing alcohol or other drugs depends on?
Genetic influences, Environmental Influences
(Both A and B
)
Genetic predisposition is most strongly evident for which type of alcohol abuser?
People with early-onset alcohol abuse
What is the effect on the nucleus accumbens after repeated cocaine use?
The nucleus accumbens becomes less responsive to
rewarding experiences
Depression is associated with decreased activity in which part of the brain?
Left hemisphere of the cortex
Bipolar disorder is also formerly known as?
Manic-Depressive Disorder (MDD)
It is a type of depression that recurs during a particular season, such as winter
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Which treatment acts most rapidly, and which usually has the most lasting
ECT acts most rapidly, and psychotherapy has the most lasting benefits.
Which of these is a common treatment for bipolar
disorder?
Lithium salts
Why is the lack of emotional expression considered a
“negative” symptom?
The symptom refers to the absence of something
Schizophrenia is more common than average in which of
the following types of people?
People who live in cities
Which of these is a likely conclusion about the role of
genetics in schizophrenia?
Rare mutations or microdeletions increase the probability of
schizophrenia.
According to the neurodevelopmental hypothesis, what starts schizophrenia?
Disorders of brain development before or shortly after birth
What is Toxoplasma gondii?
A parasite that can cause psychiatric disorders
Therapists used to use this term for people with a mild impairment similar to
autism.
Asperger’s Syndrome
Therapists used to use this term for people with a mild impairment similar to
autism.
Asperger’s Syndrome
It combines both Asperger’s Syndrome and Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder
It is a second-generation antipsychotic drug that
sometimes reduces the stereotyped behaviors, but at the risk of serious side effects
Risperidone
Which of the following is common for children with autism, at age one year?
The head is 10 percent larger than average
What dietary supplement during pregnancy decreases the probability of having a
Folic acid
