Final Exam Vocabulary

Question 1

Voltinism

Answer 1

The number of broods or generations of an organism in a year. The term is most often applied to insects

Question 2

Palynology

Answer 2

The analysis of grains of pollen

Question 3

Haplotype

Answer 3

A unique sequence of a gene (like an allele, but at the DNA sequence level)

Question 4

Ecology

Answer 4

The study of how organisms interact with

the environment’s biotic and abiotic factors

Question 5

Population

Answer 5

A group of individuals of the same

species that live in the same area at the same time

Question 6

Community

Answer 6

A group of species that interact

with one another in a particular area

Question 7

Ecosystem

Answer 7

Consists of all the organisms in a
particular region along with non-living
components (biotic and abiotic factors)

Question 8

Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability

Hypothesis (EICA)

Answer 8

Predicts that plants introduced to an environment that
lacks their usual herbivores (or disease agents) will
experience natural selection favouring individuals that
allocate less energy to defense and more energy to
growth and reproduction.

Question 9

Acclimatization Societies

Answer 9

Voluntary associations in the 19th and 20th centuries that encouraged the introduction of non-native species in various places around the world with the hope of
their acclimatization and adaptation.

These societies were started during a period
of colonialism when Europeans began to take over
unfamiliar environments, and the movement sought to
establish familiar plants and animals (mainly from
Europe) in new areas while also bringing exotic and
useful foreign plants and animals into the European
colonies.

Question 10

Biodiversity (Scientific Definition)

Answer 10

The variability among all living organisms
and the ecological systems of which they are a
part; this includes variation at the genetic, species,
and ecosystem levels

Question 11

Biodiversity (Cultural Definition)

Answer 11

The dimensions of nature that we cherish and wish to conserve, where in individual species have been categorized as more or less desirable in particular places.

Question 12

Invasive Species Framework Phase 1

Answer 12

Transport

Question 13

Invasive Species Framework Phase 2

Answer 13

Death, captivity OR Introduction

Question 14

Invasive Species Framework Phase 3

Answer 14

Fail OR Establish

Question 15

Invasive Species Framework Phase 4

Answer 15

Remain local OR spread

Question 16

Invasive Species Framework Phase 5

Answer 16

Low OR High Impact

Question 17

Order of Invasive Species Framework

Answer 17

Transport, Establishment, Spread, Impact (TESI)

Question 18

Example of an ecological impact of an invasive species

Answer 18

As [pacific] lionfish populations grow, they put additional stress on coral reefs. Lionfish eat herbivores, and herbivores eat algae from coral reefs. Without herbivores, algal growth goes unchecked, which can be detrimental to the health of coral reefs.

Question 19

Example of an evolutionary impact of an invasive species

Answer 19

Hybridization between red deer and non native sika deer in various eastern European countries which might cause reduced fitness and disruption of local adaptation

Question 20

Example of a positive impact of an invasive species

Answer 20

Zebra mussel filtering water in Lake Ontario; zebra mussels have contributed to a decrease in algae to the point where you can see much deeper into the water

Question 21

Example of an invasive species control method

Answer 21

Acoustic trap that emits mating and aggressive calls of male gobies that attract both male and female round goby to the trap; controls round goby populations while causing minimal harm to native fish species

Question 22

INVASION CURVE Left axis

Answer 22

Area infested

Question 23

INVASION CURVE Right axis

Answer 23

Control cost

Question 24

INVASION CURVE Bottom axis

Answer 24

Time

Question 25

INVASION CURVE is eradication above or below the curve?

Answer 25

Below

Question 26

INVASION CURVE eradication order

Answer 26

Simple, Feasible, Unlikely (intense effort), Local control and management only (SFULM)

Question 27

INVASION CURVE Above curve order

Answer 27

Introduction, detection, land managers aware, public awareness begins

Question 28

Basics of control and management

Answer 28

PERC
• Prevention
• Early Detection
• Rapid Response
• Control & Management