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Computer Information Systems > Final Exam Vocab words > Flashcards

Final Exam Vocab words Flashcards

1
Q

what is e-commerce?

A

a multi-trillion-dollar manner of conducting business online.

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2
Q

what is the internet of things?

A

(IoT) combines connected devices with automated systems that gather data, analyze the data, and convert the data into usable information.

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3
Q

what is ubiquity?

A

the ability to have a presence in many places simultaneously.

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4
Q

what is e-commerce ubiquity?

A

the ability of an organization to create a strong presence among consumers in many places, with minimal time constraints.

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5
Q

what is information density?

A

the total amount of information and the quality of information available to all individuals in a market including customers and stakeholders.

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6
Q

what is price transparency?

A

the ability to allow consumers to easily find prices for goods or services.

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7
Q

what is cost transparency?

A

The actual costs a seller paid to acquire the goods or services.

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8
Q

what is personalization?

A

the ability to create and send marketing messages with a user’s name, interests, and purchasing behavior directed toward specific target markets.

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9
Q

what is custimization?

A

when an organization adjusts its product or service offerings based on an individual’s preferences or past buying behavior.

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10
Q

what is location based services?

A

uses geodata to get information about geographic locations.

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11
Q

what is geodata?

A

information about geographic locations stored in a geographic information system (GIS) and is based on different types of geographic data.

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12
Q

what is vector data?

A

composed with vertices and paths and includes points, lines, and areas represented by polygons.

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13
Q

what is raster data?

A

composed of pixels or grid cells and designed to make square shapes.

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14
Q

what is presence map?

A

outlines the type of presence, the platform, and the activity conducted on the platform.

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15
Q

what are the four phases of a project?

A
  1. initation
  2. planning
  3. execution
  4. closing
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16
Q

what is the initiation phase?

A

The first phase of creating a project where the manager outlines the requirements and costs of the project.

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17
Q

what is the planning phase?

A

The second phase of a project where the project is broken down into component parts and a Gantt chart is created.

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18
Q

what is the execution phase?

A

The third stage of a project where the project is worked on

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19
Q

what is the closure phase?

A

The last stage of a project where stakeholders discuss the results and all contracts are ended.

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20
Q

what is a pert chart?

A

(PERT charts) – enables PMs to visualize the relationships between interdependent activities.

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21
Q

what is project chrasing?

A

when the PM attempts to create efficiencies to make activities as short as possible.

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22
Q

what is resource leveling?

A

adjusting task completion to maximize the use of limited resources.

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23
Q

what is project scheduling and sequencing?

A

the project planner attempts to optimize the progress of all the projects in a project management firm’s portfolio.

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24
Q

what is precedence diagramming method?

A

(PDM) used to display the dependencies and plan for project leads and lags that impact project timelines.

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25
Q

what is proejct portfolio management?

A

used to assist in allocating resources and to help determine whether additional projects can be completed successfully by a project management firm.

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26
Q

what is project planner?

A

In a project management firm, this is the person who ensures that the client understands the project cost and timeline

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27
Q

what is earned value management?

A

(EVM) used to track the project triangle of scope, time, and costs.

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28
Q

what is monte carlo simulation?

A

a method used by PMs to estimate project timelines.

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29
Q

what is porters 5 forces?

A

a strategy developed by Michael E. Porter in 1979 that describeshow all organizations must develop plans to deal with certain factors if they wish to succeed, or even continue to exist.

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30
Q

what is monopolistic competition?

A

a strategy where companies create a brand image that customers perceive to have greater value than a competitor’s comparable product.

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31
Q

what is pestel analysis?

A

refers to including, in a business analysis, political, economic, socio-cultural, technology, and environmental factors as well as legal considerations.

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32
Q

what is price leadership?

A

whenan organization seeks to offer a product to a large market at the lowest possible price by maximizing efficiencies and using economies of scale.

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33
Q

what is product differentiation?

A

astrategy that requires a business to offer a product with qualities that give it a unique appeal.

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34
Q

what is disruptive innovation?

A

a model thatuses technology to transform a market or create an entirely new market.

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35
Q

what is first mover advantage?

A

Professors Lieberman and Montgomery determined that being the first to market a product provides a company 3 significant advantages.

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36
Q

what is fast follower strategy?

A

A company that follows this strategy uses the research and development conducted by the innovator to develop a competing product at a lower cost.

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37
Q

what is six sigma?

A

a set of processing techniques that seeks to reduce variance in output to less than 3.4 errors per 1,000,000 manufacturing steps.

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38
Q

what are interpersonal roles?

A

Managers represent their business to stakeholders outside the organization and also work with employees to determine how best to motivate, support, and provide guidance.

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39
Q

what is informational roles?

A

Managers are the central location for information provided by the organization.

40
Q

what are decisional roles?

A

Managers help to initiate new strategic objectives, handle conflicts, and distribute budgetary resources to departments and employees under their supervisory control.

41
Q

what is high-velocity decison making?

A

is executed by computers through algorithms and software that can process data.

42
Q

what are strucutred decison?

A

involve tasks and choices that are routine and that encompass prescribed and definite procedures for how they should be handled

43
Q

what are unstructured decisons?

A

are often executed by higher-level management and include strategic decisions such as market entry or exit, capital budgeting, and strategic goal developmen

44
Q

what is analytical hierarchy process?

A

(AHP) a multi-criteria programming model that uses an analytical hierarchy process for decision making in multifaceted operational environments.

45
Q

what is balanced scorecard framework?

A

used to structure an organization’s strategic plan and goals using measurable outcomes of organizational performance.

46
Q

what are the elements of balanced score card framework?

A
  1. financial outcomes
  2. internal business process outcomes
  3. learning and growth outcomes
  4. customer outcomes
47
Q

what is data management body of knowledge?

A

(DMBOK) used by decision makers.

48
Q

what is data quality?

A

(DQ) the planning, implementation, and control of activities that apply quality management techniques to data, in order to assure it is fit for consumption and meets the needs of data consumers.

49
Q

what is exception reporting?

A

report from MIS that pinpoints outliers from the norm.

50
Q

what are production reports?

A

report from MIS that tracks current and predicted levels of production.

51
Q

what are forecasting reports?

A

report from MIS that provides information about future expectations.

52
Q

what are pivot tables?

A

a multi-dimensional data analysis tool.

53
Q

what is belief outcome action framework?

A

(BOA) a method for structuring research questions that are interconnected with information systems within an organization.

54
Q

what is information rights?

A

referring to ethical dilemmas this concerns the rights of individuals and organizations to privacy.

55
Q

what is quality of life in ethics?

A

when referring to ethical behavior it is a question of what does a society value more—the right to freedom of expression, or the right to not be harmed by others?

56
Q

what are moral rights?

A

the concept that some decisions are morally right or wrong.

57
Q

what is distributive justice?

A

the principle that attempts to distribute rewards to people based on their level of effort or achievement.

58
Q

what is the universalist principle?

A

a manager must ensure that a decision is fair to all involved.

59
Q

what is the utilitarian principle?

A

based on the concept that the ends justify the means.v

60
Q

what is virtue?

A

behavior showing high moral standards.

61
Q

what is resolution 68/167?

A

adopted by U.N. General Assembly in December 2013 and affirms that the rights held by people offline must also be protected online.

62
Q

what is the first amendment?

A

freedom of speech?

63
Q

what are first party cookies?

A

created by the visited website.

64
Q

what are third party cookies

A

created by an outside website.

65
Q

what are session cookies?

A

ext files that are stored in temporary memory and are lost when the web browser is closed.

66
Q

what are persistent cookies?

A

stored on the hard drive and only lost if they have an expiration date.

67
Q

what is SMIS?

A

an information system that shares social media content with social network users.

68
Q

what is identity data?

A

(demographic data) includes the customer’s name, address, gender, date of birth, phone number, and email address.

69
Q

what is quantitative data?

A

how the customer interacts with the business, including transaction history, online activity, customer service history, and inbound or outbound communications.

70
Q

what is qualitative data?

A

refers to a customer’s feelings and reasoning about a product or service..

71
Q

what is descriptive data?

A

additional demographic data about a customer such as family status, lifestyle, and education.

72
Q

what is OLAP (Online analytical Processing)

A

included in BI software applications for report creation and analysis, complex calculations, forecasting, budgeting, planning, and predictive analysis.

73
Q

what is share of customer or share of wallet?

A

also known as share of wallet, focuses on getting as much business as possible from fewer customers.

74
Q

what is customer profit?

A

(CP)the amount of profit an organization makes from selling products or services to a customer or group of customers over a specified time period.

75
Q

what is customer lifetime value?

A

(CLV)the total amount an existing customer will spend on an organization’s products or services over that customer’s lifetime.

76
Q

what is a nanorobot?

A

a machine that can build and precisely manipulate things whose components are of a nanometer scale.

77
Q

what is nueroprosthetic?

A

a device that connects the body’s nervous system to an artificial body part.

78
Q

what is organ on a chip?

A

(OOC) mimics a cell’s tissue characteristics, physiochemical reactions, and vascular functions.

79
Q

what is crispr?

A

a segment of DNA containing short repetitions of base sequences, involved in the defense mechanisms of prokaryotic organisms to viruses.

80
Q

what is facial recognition payment techonology?

A

a secure and convenient method of paying for goods and services.

81
Q

what is lidar?

A

(light detection and ranging) a system which uses a pulsed laser to gather information about a vehicle’s operating environment.

82
Q

what is blcok chain?

A

stores transaction data in blocks that are linked together to form a chain

83
Q

what is differential privacy?

A

arigorous mathematical definition of privacy.

84
Q

what is a 3d scanner?

A

a device that identifies, analyzes, collects and draws/displays shapes or three-dimensional models of real-world environments or solid objects.

85
Q

what are photocatalysts?

A

a type of semiconductor requiring high-energy ultraviolet light to generate the electrons involved in the transformation of carbon dioxide.

86
Q

what is enterprise resource planning?

A

(ERP) software that businesses use to manage activities in both the internal and external operational environment.

87
Q

what is business intellegence?

A

the software and processes that allow organizations to capitalize on the power of big data and predictive analytics.

88
Q

what is decision science?

A

(DS) the collection of quantitative techniques used to inform decision making.

89
Q

what is collaboration software?

A

allows for the creation of a dedicated workspace where users can add data and workflows.

90
Q

what is quantum computing?

A

an area of computing focused on developing computer technology based on the principles of quantum theory.

91
Q

what is a memristor?

A

an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in a circuit and remembers the amount of charge that has previously flowed through it.

92
Q

what is a digital twin?

A

a virtual representation that serves as the real-timedigitalcounterpart of a physical object or process.

93
Q

what is data minning?

A

accessing external databases and internal data.

94
Q

what are the stages in Gartner Hype cycle?

A
  1. Innovation trigger
  2. peak of inflate expectations
  3. trough of disillusionment
  4. slope of enlightenment
  5. plateau of productivity
95
Q

what is the line on the Gartner hype cycle called?

A

slope of enlightenment

Computer Information Systems (8 decks)

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